keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425428/substrate-bound-and-soluble-domains-of-tenascin-c-regulate-differentiation-proliferation-and-migration-of-neural-stem-and-progenitor-cells
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristin Glotzbach, Andreas Faissner
INTRODUCTION: The lack of regenerative capacity of the central nervous system is one of the major challenges nowadays. The knowledge of guidance cues that trigger differentiation, proliferation, and migration of neural stem and progenitor cells is one key element in regenerative medicine. The extracellular matrix protein tenascin-C (Tnc) is a promising candidate to regulate cell fate due to its expression in the developing central nervous system and in the adult neural stem cell niches...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38332576/transformed-astrocytes-confer-temozolomide-resistance-on-glioblastoma-via-delivering-alkbh7-to-enhance-apng-expression-after-educating-by-glioblastoma-stem-cells-derived-exosomes
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinglei Liu, Liang Liu, Anyi Wu, Shilu Huang, Zhipeng Xu, Xiaopei Zhang, Zengyang Li, Haoran Li, Jun Dong
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) stands for the first-line chemotherapeutic agent against glioblastoma. Nevertheless, the therapeutic efficacy of TMZ appears to be remarkably limited, because of low cytotoxic efficiency against glioblastoma. Besides, various mechanical studies and the corresponding strategies fail to enhancing TMZ curative effect in clinical practice. Our previous studies have disclosed remodeling of glial cells by GSCs, but the roles of these transformed cells on promoting TMZ resistance have never been explored...
February 2024: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38302975/herpes-simplex-virus-infection-induces-necroptosis-of-neurons-and-astrocytes-in-human-fetal-organotypic-brain-slice-cultures
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmad S Rashidi, Diana N Tran, Caithlin R Peelen, Michiel van Gent, Werner J D Ouwendijk, Georges M G M Verjans
BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis (HSE) is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease, affecting both adults and newborns. Progress in understanding the virus and host factors involved in neonatal HSE has been hampered by the limitations of current brain models that do not fully recapitulate the tissue structure and cell composition of the developing human brain in health and disease. Here, we developed a human fetal organotypic brain slice culture (hfOBSC) model and determined its value in mimicking the HSE neuropathology in vitro...
February 1, 2024: Journal of Neuroinflammation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38254670/sox2-and-sox9-expression-in-developing-postnatal-opossum-monodelphis-domestica-cortex
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zrinko Baričević, Marta Pongrac, Matea Ivaničić, Helena Hreščak, Ivana Tomljanović, Antonela Petrović, Dan Cojoc, Miranda Mladinic, Jelena Ban
(1) Background: Central nervous system (CNS) development is characterized by dynamic changes in cell proliferation and differentiation. Key regulators of these transitions are the transcription factors such as SOX2 and SOX9. SOX2 is involved in the maintenance of progenitor cell state and neural stem cell multipotency, while SOX9, expressed in neurogenic niches, plays an important role in neuron/glia switch with predominant expression in astrocytes in the adult brain. (2) Methods: To validate SOX2 and SOX9 expression patterns in developing opossum ( Monodelphis domestica ) cortex, we used immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the isotropic fractionator method on fixed cortical tissue from comparable postnatal ages, as well as dissociated primary neuronal cultures...
January 5, 2024: Biomolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38244848/an-easy-and-cost-effective-method-for-the-isolation-and-culturing-of-neural-stem-progenitor-cells-from-the-subventricular-svz-and-dentate-gyrus-dg-of-adult-mouse-brain
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayswaria Deepti, Bins Kathanadan Chackochan, Sreelakshmi Sadanandan, Anagha Sunilkumar Menon, Krishnakumar Mohandas, Ajith Vengellur, Unnikrishnan Sivan, Pulikkaparambil Sasidharan Baby Chakrapani
BACKGROUND: Isolation of adult Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells (NSPCs) from their neurogenic niches, is a prerequisite for studies involving culturing of NSPCs as neurospheres or attached monolayers in vitro. The currently available protocols involve the use of multiple animals and expensive reagents to establish the NSPCs culture. NEW METHOD: This unit describes a method to isolate and culture NSPCs from the two neurogenic niches in the mouse brain, the Subventricular Zone (SVZ) and Dentate gyrus (DG)/subgranular zone (SGZ), in an easy and cost-effective manner...
January 18, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Methods
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38225985/aging-changes-the-expression-of-adenosine-receptors-insulin-like-growth-factor-1-igf1-and-hypoxia-inducible-factor-1%C3%AE-hif1%C3%AE-in-hypothalamic-astrocyte-cultures
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Camila Leite Santos, Larissa Daniele Bobermin, André Quincozes-Santos
The aging process induces neurochemical alterations in different brain regions, including hypothalamus. This pivotal area of the central nervous system (CNS) is crucial for detection and integration of nutritional and hormonal signals from the periphery of the body to maintain metabolic homeostasis. Astrocytes support the CNS homeostasis, energy metabolism, and inflammatory response, as well as increasing evidence has highlighted a critical role of astrocytes in orchestrating hypothalamic functions and in gliocrine system...
2024: Aging brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38220131/upregulation-of-integrin-beta-3-in-astrocytes-upon-alzheimer-s-disease-progression-in-the-5xfad-mouse-model
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariia Ivanova, Irina Belaya, Nina Kucháriková, Izaque de Sousa Maciel, Liudmila Saveleva, Arto Alatalo, Ilona Juvonen, Navjot Thind, Clarisse Andrès, Riikka Lampinen, Sweelin Chew, Katja M Kanninen
Integrins are receptors that have been linked to various brain disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. While Integrin beta-3 (ITGB3) is known to participate in multiple cellular processes such as adhesion, migration, and signaling, its specific role in AD remains poorly understood, particularly in astrocytes, the main glial cell type in the brain. In this study, we investigated alterations in ITGB3 gene and protein expression during aging in different brain regions of the 5xFAD mouse model of AD and assessed the interplay between ITGB3 and astrocytes...
January 12, 2024: Neurobiology of Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38199310/butyrate-reduction-and-hdac4-increase-underlie-maternal-high-fructose-induced-metabolic-dysfunction-in-hippocampal-astrocytes-in-female-rats
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kay L H Wu, Wen-Chung Liu, Chih-Wei Wu, Mu-Hui Fu, Hsiu-Mei Huang, You-Lin Tain, Chih-Kuang Liang, Chun-Ying Hung, I-Chun Chen, Pi-Lien Hung, Yu-Ju Lin, Hajime Hirase
Maternal nutrient intake influences the health of the offspring via microenvironmental systems in digestion and absorption. Maternal high fructose diet (HFD) impairs hippocampus-dependent memory in adult female rat offspring. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Maternal HFD causes microbiota dysbiosis. In this study, we find that the plasma level of butyrate, a major metabolite of microbiota, is significantly decreased in the adult female maternal HFD offspring. In these rats, GPR43, a butyrate receptor was downregulated in the hippocampus...
January 8, 2024: Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38196138/cerebral-cavernous-malformation-ccm-like-vessel-lesion-in-the-aged-anks1a-deficient-brain
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiyeon Lee, Haeryung Lee, Miram Shin, Soochul Park
In this study, we show that ANKS1A is specifically expressed in the brain endothelial cells of adult mice. ANKS1A deficiency in adult mice does not affect the differentiation, growth, or patterning of the cerebrovascular system; however, its absence significantly impacts the cerebrovascular system of the aged brain. In aged ANKS1A knock-out (KO) brains, vessel lesions exhibiting cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are observed. In addition, CCM-like lesions show localized peripheral blood leakage into the brain...
December 31, 2023: Experimental Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38187769/olfactory-ensheathing-cells-are-hybrid-glial-cells-that-promote-neural-repair
#10
Patricia E Phelps, Sung Min Ha, Rana R Khankan, Mahlet A Mekonnen, Giovanni Juarez, Kaitlin L Ingraham Dixie, Yen-Wei Chen, Xia Yang
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are unique glial cells found in both the central and peripheral nervous systems where they support the continuous axonal outgrowth of immature olfactory sensory neurons to their targets. Here we show that following severe spinal cord injury, olfactory bulb-derived OECs transplanted near the injury site modify the normally inhibitory glial scar and facilitate axon regeneration past the scar border and into the lesion center. To understand the mechanisms underlying the reparative properties of such transplanted OECs, we used single-cell RNA-sequencing to study their gene expression programs...
December 21, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38054361/transporters-involved-in-adult-rat-cortical-astrocyte-dopamine-uptake-kinetics-expression-and-pharmacological-modulation
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vesna Sočan, Klemen Dolinar, Mojca Kržan
Astrocytes, glial cells in the central nervous system, perform a multitude of homeostatic functions and are in constant bidirectional communication with neuronal cells, a concept named the tripartite synapse; however, their role in the dopamine homeostasis remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to clarify the pharmacological and molecular characteristics of dopamine transport in cultured cortical astrocytes of adult rats. In addition, we were interested in the expression of mRNA of dopamine transporters as well as dopamine receptors D1 and D2 and in the effect of dopaminergic drugs on the expression of these transporters and receptors...
December 6, 2023: European Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38042304/implementation-of-the-neuro-glia-vascular-unit-through-co-culture-of-adult-neural-stem-cells-and-vascular-cells-and-transcriptomic-analysis-of-diverse-a%C3%AE-assembly-types
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chaejeong Heo, Hee-Jin Kwak, Long Hoang Ngo, Ran-Sook Woo, Sook-Jeong Lee
BACKGROUND: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized layer between blood vessels and tissue in the brain, which is comprised of a neuro-glia-vascular (NGV) unit, thus play a vital role in various brain diseases. NEW METHOD: We developed the in vitro NGV units by co-culturing brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs; bEnd.3) and primary neural stem cells extracted from subventricular zone of adult mice. This approach was designed to mimic the RNA profile conditions found in the microvessels of a mouse brain and confirmed through various comparative transcriptome analyses...
February 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Methods
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38009721/impdh2-forms-spots-at-branching-sites-and-distal-ends-of-astrocyte-stem-processes
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saori Toyoda, Takehisa Handa, Huang Yong, Hidehiko Takahashi, Hiroki Shiwaku
Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo GTP biosynthesis pathway. Recent studies suggest that IMPDH2, an isoform of IMPDH, can localize to specific subcellular compartments under certain conditions and regulate site-specific GTP availability and small GTPase activity in invasive cancer cells. However, it is unclear whether IMPDH2 plays a site-specific regulatory role in subcellular functions in healthy cells. In this study, we focused on brain cells and examined the localization pattern of IMPDH2...
November 27, 2023: Genes to Cells: Devoted to Molecular & Cellular Mechanisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38002433/plant-cellulose-as-a-substrate-for-3d-neural-stem-cell-culture
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren J Couvrette, Krystal L A Walker, Tuan V Bui, Andrew E Pelling
Neural stem cell (NSC)-based therapies are at the forefront of regenerative medicine strategies for various neural defects and injuries such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury. For several clinical applications, NSC therapies require biocompatible scaffolds to support cell survival and to direct differentiation. Here, we investigate decellularized plant tissue as a novel scaffold for three-dimensional (3D), in vitro culture of NSCs. Plant cellulose scaffolds were shown to support the attachment and proliferation of adult rat hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs)...
November 13, 2023: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37921418/in-vitro-model-of-neurotrauma-using-the-chick-embryo-to-test-regenerative-bioimplantation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aina Mogas Barcons, Divya M Chari, Christopher Adams
Effective repair of spinal cord injury sites remains a major clinical challenge. One promising strategy is the implantation of multifunctional bioscaffolds to enhance nerve fibre growth, guide regenerating tissue and modulate scarring/inflammation processes. Given their multifunctional nature, such implants require testing in models which replicate the complex neuropathological responses of spinal injury sites. This is often achieved using live, adult animal models of spinal injury. However, these have substantial drawbacks for developmental testing, including the requirement for large numbers of animals, costly infrastructure, high levels of expertise and complex ethical processes...
November 2, 2023: ALTEX
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37830578/exploration-of-sumo2-3-expression-levels-and-autophagy-process-in-fragile-x-associated-tremor-ataxia-syndrome-addressing-study-limitations-and-insights-for-future-research
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Isabel Alvarez-Mora, Glòria Garrabou, Laura Molina-Porcel, Ruben Grillo-Risco, Francisco Garcia-Garcia, Tamara Barcos, Judith Cantó-Santos, Laia Rodriguez-Revenga
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder that appears in adult FMR1 premutation carriers. The neuropathological hallmark of FXTAS is an intranuclear inclusion in neurons and astrocytes. Nearly 200 different proteins have been identified in FXTAS inclusions, being the small ubiquitin-related modifier 2 (SUMO2), ubiquitin and p62 the most highly abundant. These proteins are components of the protein degradation machinery. This study aimed to characterize SUMO2/3 expression levels and autophagy process in human postmortem brain samples and skin fibroblast cultures from FXTAS patients...
September 26, 2023: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37803301/neural-stem-progenitor-cells-from-adult-canine-cervical-spinal-cord-have-the-potential-to-differentiate-into-neural-lineage-cells
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Woo Keyoung Kim, Yeon Sung Son, Ji-Hey Lim, Wan Hee Kim, Byung-Jae Kang
BACKGROUND: • Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) are multipotent self-renewing cells that can be isolated from the brain or spinal cord. As they need to be isolated from neural tissues, it is difficult to study human NSPCs. To facilitate NSPC research, we attempted to isolate NSPCs from dogs, as dogs share the environment and having many similar diseases with humans. We collected and established primary cultures of ependymal and subependymal cells from the central canal of the cervical spinal cord of adult dogs...
October 6, 2023: BMC Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37788259/extracellular-atp-release-predominantly-mediates-ca2-communication-locally-in-highly-organised-stellate-like-patterned-networks-of-adult-human-astrocytes
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Si Li, E Scott Graham, Charles P Unsworth
The 'Astrocyte Network' and the understanding of its communication has been posed as a new grand challenge to be investigated by contemporary science. However, communication studies in astrocyte networks have investigated traditional petri-dish in vitro culture models where cells are closely packed and can deviate from the stellate form observed in the brain. Using novel cell patterning approaches, highly organised, regular grid networks of astrocytes on chip, to single-cell fidelity are constructed, permitting a stellate-like in vitro network model to be realised...
2023: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37692551/morphological-screens-using-aged-primary-adult-neuronal-microglial-and-astrocytic-cultures-to-find-novel-neurotherapeutics
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arthur Sefiani
The average age of a patient with neurotraumatic injuries or neurodegenerative diseases has been increasing worldwide. The preclinical live animal models used for neurotrauma and neurodegenerative diseases are typically young adults, failing to represent the age of humans in the clinic. This dichotomy in age between human populations and animal models is likely to impede the understanding of the pathological mechanisms of most neurological disorders and the translation of their respective promising therapies...
2023: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37688656/fabp7-drives-an-inflammatory-response-in-human-astrocytes-and-is-upregulated-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haylee L Hamilton, Noah A Kinscherf, Garrett Balmer, Mariana Bresque, Shahriar M Salamat, Marcelo R Vargas, Mariana Pehar
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, is characterized by the accumulation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular amyloid plaques, and neuroinflammation. In partnership with microglial cells, astrocytes are key players in the regulation of neuroinflammation. Fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) belongs to a family of conserved proteins that regulate lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, and inflammation. FABP7 expression is largely restricted to astrocytes and radial glia-like cells in the adult central nervous system...
September 9, 2023: GeroScience
keyword
keyword
3100
1
2
Fetch more papers »
Fetching more papers... Fetching...
Remove bar
Read by QxMD icon Read
×

Save your favorite articles in one place with a free QxMD account.

×

Search Tips

Use Boolean operators: AND/OR

diabetic AND foot
diabetes OR diabetic

Exclude a word using the 'minus' sign

Virchow -triad

Use Parentheses

water AND (cup OR glass)

Add an asterisk (*) at end of a word to include word stems

Neuro* will search for Neurology, Neuroscientist, Neurological, and so on

Use quotes to search for an exact phrase

"primary prevention of cancer"
(heart or cardiac or cardio*) AND arrest -"American Heart Association"

We want to hear from doctors like you!

Take a second to answer a survey question.