Larynx chemotherapy

BACKGROUND: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an epithelial malignant tumor originating from the oral cavity, oropharynx, nasal cavity, sinuses, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx. Mutations in TP53 are the most common of all somatic genomic changes in HNSCC, and TP53 mutations are associated with the response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Tumor-derived circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a minimally invasive method to determining genetic alterations in cancer. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic responses of patients with HNSCC with TP53 mutation and the accuracy of cfDNA for detecting TP53 mutation...

BACKGROUND: Whether concurrent chemotherapy with radiotherapy (CRT) is effective for elderly patients with head and neck cancer is a controversial topic. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of CRT vs. radiation therapy (RT) among elderly patients in Japan. METHODS: Data from the Head and Neck Cancer Registry of Japan were extracted and analyzed. Patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx who received definitive CRT or RT between 2011 and 2014 were included...

OBJECTIVES: Pathological complete response (pCR) occurs in about 20-30% of patients undergoing systemic neoadjuvant therapy. This leads to the idea of sparing the patient the morbidity associated with axillary surgery. "Wait and watch" policy for cancers which achieve complete pathological response on neoadjuvant systemic therapy is a well-established practice in various cancers like the esophagus, rectum and larynx. This has led to organ preservation protocols being practiced worldwide for these cancers without affecting the overall survival of the patient...

BACKGROUND: This study retrospectively analyzed the risk factors for oral mucositis (OM) during cetuximab treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We screened patients using cetuximab and retrospectively evaluated the presence of OM based on medical records. We collected information from 2 years of evaluations. Patient medical records were reviewed to obtain data on chemotherapy cycle and dose, sex, age, primary tumor, TNM stage, and head and neck radiotherapy (HNR) history...

OBJECTIVES: Minimally invasive transoral organ preservation surgeries are being increasingly used for supraglottic tumors. This study investigates the long-term functional and oncologic outcomes of transoral robotic supraglottic laryngectomy (TORS-SGL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three patients with supraglottic laryngeal cancer who underwent TORS-SGL between 2012 and 2015 at a tertiary referral hospital were retrospectively analyzed with at least 5 years of follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Giant cell tumors (GCTs) are typically found in the long bones but can also occur in the head and neck region. GCT of the larynx is a rare entity with only 42 reported cases in the international literature. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge this is the largest laryngeal GCT reported in the literature to date. GCT of the larynx can present with dysphonia, dyspnea, and/or dysphagia and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a neck mass. PATIENT AND METHODS: A38-year-old man presented with complaints of mass in the neck with dysphonia and dysphagia...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy, toxicities, and potential role of larynx preservation of induction chemotherapy combined with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor in locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a single-arm phase II study. Patients with histopathologically confirmed, resectable locally advanced laryngeal/hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status 0-1 were eligible...

OBJECTIVES: Cetuximab-based chemotherapy is a standard 1st-line treatment for recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN). However, few studies have reported survival data for a treatment sequence consisting of a PCE regimen (paclitaxel + carboplatin + cetuximab) followed by an immune checkpoint inhibitor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively assessed 37 patients with R/M SCCHN from the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx who received PCE as 1st-line treatment followed by nivolumab as 2nd-line at the National Cancer Center Hospital East between December 2016 and July 2021...

OBJECTIVES: To document 10-year oncologic outcome of primary total laryngectomy (TL) for patients with cT3-4M0 endolaryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). STUDY DESIGN: Observational inception cohort of 531 patients with isolated untreated endolaryngeal cT3-4M0 SCC review over 40 years using STROBE guideline. 94% of patients were followed until death or for a minimum of 10 years. SETTING: Academic tertiary referral care center...

The patient in this report was a 73-year-old male who was diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (T3N0M0 stage IIB) after presenting with a 5.5 cm tumor detected in the right lower lobe of the lung by radiography. After right lower lobectomy and lymphadenectomy, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was administered with cisplatin and etoposide. At 27 months after surgery, the patient complained of wheezing. Tracheal metastasis was identified through computed tomography and bronchoscopy. Biopsy confirmed metastasis of small cell lung cancer...

Surgical resection is recommended for advanced-stage, resectable glottic cancer. However, total laryngectomy results in the loss of vocal function and reduces patients' quality of life. At our institution, patients with cT3N0M0 stage III resectable glottic cancer who wish to preserve their larynx are treated with super-selective cisplatin infusion with concomitant radiotherapy (RADPLAT) to improve local control over systemic chemotherapy. Herein, we present 4 patients with glottic cancer who underwent biweekly intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy 3 times...

Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of larynx preservation in locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Patients with locally advanced HPSCC（cT3-T4aN0-N3M0） were eligible. All received 2 cycles of pembrolizumab combined with docetaxel and platinum neoadjuvant induction therapy. After two cycles, the efficacy was evaluated, followed by radical chemoradiotherapy or surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy according to the efficacy...

Small cell cancer (SCC) is a neuroendocrine neoplasm, which is most frequently found in the lungs. Extrapulmonary location of SCC is rare and may involve 2.5-5% of SCCs. We present a case of a 31-year-old male patient with an extremely uncommon subglottic SCC. The patient was qualified for a radical sequential chemoradiotherapy. After treatment, patient's condition suggested complete remission. Recurrence was detected one year later, and the disease rapidly progressed, despite a second line chemotherapy. The patient died 29 months after initial diagnosis...

OBJECTIVES: Malignant minor salivary glands carcinomas (MiSGC) of the larynx and trachea are rare tumours and published evidence is sparse. We conducted a systematic review to describe shareable treatment strategies and oncological outcomes of these neoplastic entities. METHODS: Full text English manuscripts published from January 1st 2000 to December 14th 2022 were included. Data on demographics, treatments and outcomes were collected. A pooled analysis of 5-year overall survival (OS) was performed...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Acute radiation dermatitis (RD) is a frequent toxicity associated with radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC). KeraStat Cream (KC), an emulsion-based wound dressing that acts as a protective barrier that promotes the healing of minor skin wounds and partial-thickness burns, has not yet been studied in patients receiving RT for HNC. MATERIALS/METHODS: This randomized, open-label pilot study enrolled patients with HNC planned to receive definitive or postoperative RT to a total dose of at least 60 Gy...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): The effect of cancer treatment on immunologic decline and recovery in people with HIV (PWH) is not well-described. This study aims to describe the trajectory of treatment-related immunosuppression in PWH treated for HNC predominantly with radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy and/or surgery. MATERIALS/METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of 23 PWH diagnosed with nonmetastatic HNC at our institution between 2002 and 2020. Baseline and longitudinal changes in CD4 count from the time of cancer treatment initiation were investigated...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Definitive therapy for nasopharyngeal cancer includes chemotherapy and radiation (RT). Common toxicities such as xerostomia, mucositis, and hearing loss are correlated with the RT dose delivered to associated organs at risk. We hypothesized that compared to our historical experience with IMRT, the implementation of proton therapy (PT) would reduce radiation dose to organs at risks without compromising oncologic outcomes. MATERIALS/METHODS: A retrospective review of all non-metastatic stage II-IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma (SCC, lymphoepithelioma, undifferentiated carcinomas) treated with definitive therapy at our institution from 2012-2022...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Chemoradiotherapy is often the treatment of choice for cervical esophageal cancer due to the invasiveness of surgery. However, toxicity after chemoradiotherapy often affects the quality of life related to swallowing and speech. This study evaluated laryngoesophageal dysfunction-free survival (LEDFS) in patients with cervical esophageal cancer, which has recently been used in head and neck cancer. MATERIALS/METHODS: We analyzed 59 patients with cervical esophageal cancer without distant metastases other than supraclavicular lymph node metastases who received radical chemoradiotherapy with 5-fluorouracilplus platinum between 2002 and 2018...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Previous studies have demonstrated excellent pathological response of induction PD-1 inhibitor with chemotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer. To our knowledge, there is scarce evidence on induction chemotherapy (ICT) and PD-1 inhibitor in organ preservation for patients (pts) with laryngeal/hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and toxicities of ICT and PD-1inhibitor (Toripalimab) followed by radiotherapy or surgery, for pts with resectable locally advanced laryngeal/hypopharyngeal carcinoma...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Radiotherapy (RT) is essential in head and neck cancer (HNC) treatments, but often causes significant toxicity. Different machine learning models have shown promise in predicting RT-induced toxicity, but none have yet integrated the fluctuating anatomical changes. By integrating daily cone-beam CTs (CBCT) allowing sequential anatomical views, our aim is to build a dynamic predictive model for three major HNC RT toxicities: reactive feeding tube placement, hospitalization and radionecrosis (RN)...