Lazy eye (amblyopia)

INTRODUCTION: Amblyopia, or lazy eye, is a type of visual impairment in which the eyesight is not complete, even with the use of glasses. For the treatment of this disease, accurate and continuous examinations are needed. Nowadays, patient-centered care, by relying on web-based electronic records for amblyopia, has the potential to reduce treatment costs, increase the quality of care, and improve the safety and effectiveness of treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design and evaluate an Electronic Health Record (EHR) for patients with amblyopia...

Aim : To determine the effectiveness of the Amblyopia Treatment Chulalongkorn University (ATCU) application in improving compliance to occlusion therapy in amblyopic children. Methods : We developed a smartphone application called Amblyopia Treatment Chulalongkorn University (ATCU), which includes education, patching calendar, mini-games, and notifications, offering caregivers a comprehensive tool to enhance amblyopia treatment adherence through informative content, interactive features, and personalized reminders...

Introduction Amblyopia is an abnormal development of usually one eye, leading to permanent decreased vision in the affected eye if not treated early. The condition is primarily caused by strabismus, cataract, anisometropic refractive error, or genetic factors and can manifest from birth to seven years of age, with a worldwide prevalence of 1.75%. This study examines parental knowledge of amblyopia in an effort to improve its early detection and intervention. Improving awareness can have a direct impact by lowering the incidence of untreated amblyopia and its related visual impairment...

Amblyopia is an abnormal visual processing-induced developmental disorder of the central nervous system that affects static and dynamic vision, as well as binocular visual function. Currently, changes in static vision in one eye are the gold standard for amblyopia diagnosis. However, there have been few comprehensive analyses of changes in dynamic vision, especially eye movement, among children with amblyopia. Here, we proposed an optimization scheme involving a video eye tracker combined with an "artificial eye" for comprehensive examination of eye movement in children with amblyopia; we sought to improve the diagnostic criteria for amblyopia and provide theoretical support for practical treatment...

Integration of information over the CNS is an important neural process that affects our ability to perceive and react to the environment. The visual system is required to continuously integrate information arriving from two different sources (the eyes) to create a coherent percept with high spatiotemporal precision. Although this neural integration of information is assumed to be critical for visual performance, it can be impaired under some pathological or developmental conditions. Here we took advantage of a unique developmental condition, amblyopia ("lazy eye"), which is characterized by an impaired temporal synchronization between the two eyes, to meticulously study the effect of synchronization on the integration of binocular visual information...

Introduction Amblyopia, also known as the lazy eye, is the reduction of the best-corrected visual acuity of one or both eyes that cannot be attributed exclusively to a structural abnormality of the eye. This study investigated the Hail population's awareness of amblyopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), from May to October 2022. Data entry and analysis were done using RStudio (R version 4.1.1). Results This study included 496 of the general population (23...

Amblyopia is the decreased best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in one or both eyes caused by the abnormal processing of visual input during development. One common cause of amblyopia is anisometropia, which has attracted widespread attention. Many structural changes occur in the primary and extrastriate visual areas of the cerebral cortex, as well as in the eyes, in patients with anisometropic amblyopia. Understanding these mechanisms has provided a favorable theoretical basis for treating anisometropic amblyopia...

PURPOSE: Comparing visual outcomes after use of a novel binocular eye-tracking-based home treatment (CureSight; NovaSight, Ltd) with patching. DESIGN: Prospective, multicenter, randomized, masked, controlled, noninferiority pivotal trial. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred three children 4 to < 9 years with anisometropic, small-angle strabismic or mixed-mechanism amblyopia were randomized 1:1 to either CureSight treatment or patching. METHODS: The CureSight treatment uses combined anaglyph glasses and an eye tracker to induce real-time blur around the fellow eye fovea in dichoptic streamed video content...

An abnormal visual experience early in life, caused by strabismus, unequal refractive power of the eyes, or eye occlusion, is a major cause of amblyopia (lazy eye), a highly diffused neurodevelopmental disorder severely affecting visual acuity and stereopsis abilities. Current treatments for amblyopia, based on a penalization of the fellow eye, are only effective when applied during the juvenile critical period of primary visual cortex plasticity, resulting mostly ineffective at older ages. Here, we developed a new paradigm of operant visual perceptual learning performed under conditions of conventional (binocular) vision in adult amblyopic rats...

Strabismus occurs in about 2% of children and may result in amblyopia or lazy eyes and loss of depth perception. However, whether/how long-term strabismus shapes the brain structure and functions in children with concomitant strabismus (CS) is still unclear. In this study, a total of 26 patients with CS and 28 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging examination. The cortical thickness and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) were calculated to assess the structural and functional plasticity in children with CS...

PURPOSE: Digital therapeutics are a new class of interventions that are software driven and are intended to treat various conditions. We developed and evaluated a dichoptic digital therapeutic for amblyopia, a neurodevelopmental disorder for which current treatments may be limited by poor adherence and residual vision deficits. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred five children 4 to 7 years of age with amblyopia were enrolled at 21 academic and community sites in the United States...

Amblyopia (lazy eye) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of vision with no ocular pathology. The loss of vision in the amblyopic eye is assumed to be the main deficit in amblyopia, which has resulted in visual acuity (VA) being the primary outcome measure for treatment. Here we used a binocular orientation combination task to quantitatively assess the binocular status by measuring the binocular balance. We set out to determine whether amblyopes who reach the acuity-based end point have a residual binocular imbalance...

Clinical relevance : Home-based videogame treatments are increasingly popular for amblyopia treatment. However, at-home treatments tend to be done in short sessions and with frequent disruptions, which may reduce the effectiveness of binocular visual stimulation. These treatment adherence patterns need to be accounted for when considering dose-response relationships and treatment effectiveness. Background : Home-based videogame treatments are increasingly being used for various sensory conditions, including amblyopia ('lazy eye'), but treatment adherence continues to limit success...

Purpose: Visual acuity (VA) of the amblyopic eye is usually considered for monitoring improvement with therapy. However, participation of the amblyopic eye under binocular viewing conditions is also important. This study investigated the use of a clinically available tool VTS4 (Vision Therapy System 4) to quantify the participation or suppression of the amblyopic eye under binocular viewing conditions. Methods: A cross-sectional study on patients with anisometropic amblyopia was undertaken...

Recent work has transformed our ideas about the neural mechanisms, behavioral consequences and effective therapies for amblyopia. Since the 1700's, the clinical treatment for amblyopia has consisted of patching or penalizing the strong eye, to force the "lazy" amblyopic eye, to work. This treatment has generally been limited to infants and young children during a sensitive period of development. Over the last 20 years we have learned much about the nature and neural mechanisms underlying the loss of spatial and binocular vision in amblyopia, and that a degree of neural plasticity persists well beyond the sensitive period...

Childhood vision screenings may provide early detection of vision disorders and opportunities for subsequent treatment (1). The United States Preventive Service Task Force recommends that children aged 3-5 years receive a vision screening at least once to detect amblyopia (lazy eye), or its risk factors (2). This report examines the percentage of children aged 3-5 years who have ever had a vision test by selected characteristics using data from the vision supplement included in the 2016-2017 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)...

BACKGROUND: There are many causes of visual impairment, and even blindness, which are treatable or at least preventable. Two such conditions are strabismus (crossed-eye, squint) and refractive error (visual image not focused on the most sensitive part of the retina). If these are not detected and corrected at an early age, they can lead to an irreversible impairment known as amblyopia (lazy eye). Pediatric vision screening and subsequent treatment for amblyopia and amblyogenic risk factors are thus key to preventing vision loss...

BACKGROUND: Amblyopia (lazy eye) is one of the most common causes of monocular visual impairment. Intensive investigation has shown that amblyopes suffer from a range of deficits not only in the primary visual cortex but also the extra-striate visual cortex. However, amblyopic brain processing deficits in large-scale information networks especially in the visual network remain unclear. METHODS: Through resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), we studied the functional connectivity and efficiency of the brain visual processing networks in 18 anisometropic amblyopic patients and 18 healthy controls (HCs)...

BACKGROUND: Amblyopia (lazy eye) affects the vision of approximately 2% of all children. Traditional treatment consists of wearing a patch over their 'good' eye for a number of hours daily, over several months. This treatment is unpopular and compliance is often low. Therefore, results can be poor. I-BiT is a system, based on stereo technology using shutter glasses, designed to treat amblyopia using dichoptic stimulation. This trial uses a redesigned system for home use and includes eye-tracking capability...

Amblyopia or lazy eye is a neurodevelopmental disorder that arises during the infancy and is caused by the interruption of binocular sensory activity before maturation of the nervous system. This impairment causes long-term deterioration of visual skills, particularly visual acuity and depth perception. Although visual function recovery has been supposed to be decreased with age as consequence of reduced neuronal plasticity, recent studies have shown that it is possible to promote plasticity and neurorestoration in the adult brain...