lung cancer，radiotherapy

RATIONALE: Jaw metastasis is a very rare condition associated with lung cancer evolution. In this paper we present two cases of patients who underwent different approach.Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. Survival depends on the staging and biology of tumor. Smoking may affect the prognosis. PATIENT CONCERNS: There are herein reported the cases of two patients affected by squamous cell lung cancer with spread to mandibular bone. DIAGNOSES: In the first case a computed tomography (CT scan) showed a large mass located in upper right lung , then bronchoscopy was performed with biopsies and the histology revealed a squamous cell carcinoma P63+ and TTF-...

BACKGROUND: This review evaluates the effectiveness and safety of elemene injection combined radiotherapy in the treatment of lung cancer with brain metastases. METHODS: A systematic literature research was conducted from EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Chinese biomedical database, Chinese scientific journal database, China knowledge resource integrated database, and WanFang Database from established to July 2016 without language restriction. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias...

BACKGROUND: PET-guided dose painting (DP) aims to target radioresistant tumour regions in order to improve radiotherapy (RT) outcome. Besides the well-known [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), the hypoxia positron emission tomography (PET) tracer [(18)F]fluoroazomycin arabinoside (FAZA) could provide further useful information to guide the radiation dose prescription. In this study, we compare the spatial distributions of FDG and FAZA PET uptakes in lung tumours. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fourteen patients with unresectable lung cancer underwent FDG and FAZA 4D-PET/CT on consecutive days at three time-points: prior to RT (pre), and during the second (w2), and the third (w3) weeks of RT...

PURPOSE: Radiotherapy plays a major role in relieving pain caused by bone metastases; paradoxically initial flare of symptom is common. Our objectives were to assess prospectively the incidence, and to identify predictor's factors of this acute complication. PATIENT AND METHODS: Forty-one patients treated with analgesic external beam radiotherapy were followed prospectively. Patients recorded pain severity and analgesic intake was documented. Pain flare was defined as an increase of two points in the intensity of pain on the numerical scale with no reduction in analgesic intake and/or 25% increase of the analgesic intake without decreasing pain intensity...

Background and objective Lung cancer is the leading form of cancer in terms of both incidence and cancer-related deaths. For patients with resectable IIIa/N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), guidelines in and abroad recommend multidisciplinary team treatment, including surgery and chemotherapy, radiotherapy or other comprehensive treatment. Newly published evidences prove that neoadjuvant therapy can improve outcomes of NSCLC patients significantly, with advangtages in tolerability and compliance medication...

BACKGROUND: Population-based data on the development of subsequent thoracic cancers following the initial diagnosis of lung cancer are scarce. We evaluated this clinical scenario in lung cancer patients registered within the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. METHODS: The SEER database (1988-2013) was queried using the SEER*Stat program to determine the clinico-pathological features of lung cancer patients who develop subsequent thoracic cancers as well as the characteristics of these subsequent cancers...

Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) also known as stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) offers a new therapeutic option for stage 1 lung cancer that cannot undergo surgery due to co-morbidities or patient refusal. This treatment evolved in the last decade thanks to technologic advancement of radiation therapy planning and delivery that allow real time imaging of the tumor and real time position correction before every treatment. Ultra high doses of radiation cause ablation of the target with very low collateral scatter dose to surrounding tissue...

The study of immunology has led to breakthroughs in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The recent approval of an anti-PD1 checkpoint drug for NSCLC has generated much interest in novel combination therapies that might provide further benefit for patients. However, a better understanding of which combinations may (or may not) work in NSCLC requires understanding the lung immune microenvironment under homeostatic conditions and the changes in that microenvironment in the setting of cancer progression and with radiotherapy...

The 21st century has seen several paradigm shifts in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in early-stage inoperable disease, definitive locally advanced disease, and the postoperative setting. A key driver in improvement of local disease control has been the significant evolution of radiation therapy techniques in the last three decades, allowing for delivery of definitive radiation doses while limiting exposure of normal tissues. For patients with locally-advanced NSCLC, the advent of volumetric imaging techniques has allowed a shift from 2-dimensional approaches to 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT)...

For patients with inoperable stage II-III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the backbone of curative intent therapy is concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). As checkpoint inhibitors have shown clinical benefit in the setting of metastatic NSCLC, additional study is necessary to understand their role in patients receiving CRT. When integrating immunotherapy with radiotherapy (RT) for cure, clinicians will need to consider synergy, timing, doses, and safety among the combination of therapies. This article seeks to review data evaluating interactions, temporal sequencing, fractionation, and overlapping toxicity profiles of thoracic chemoradiation and immunotherapy...

At present, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer demonstrate an increasing trend. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for ~80-85% of all lung cancer cases. Therefore, developing novel and more effective treatments is of great importance. The use of combination therapies, where several anticancer agents are used together, is a promising strategy. Recent studies demonstrate that metformin, which has been utilized for treating diabetes mellitus for >50 years, has antitumor effects in numerous types of cancer including NSCLC...

Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has been recognized as a standard alternative treatment to surgery for inoperable early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Guaranteed local control rates over 90% makes oncologists wonder whether SABR is qualified enough to challenge surgery in operable patients. The role of SABR for centrally located lesions would be another question because of the increased risk of severe toxic effect. Plenty of studies suggest that optimization of dose regimen and appropriate case selection would be helpful...

Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) is modern rotational intensity modulated therapy used for treatment of several sites. The study aimed to analyze partial tangential arc VMAT treatment planning and delivery, including analyzing the cardiac and contralateral breast doses resulting from this technique. A total of 153 consecutively treated breast cancer (conservation as well as mastectomy) patients were taken for this dosimetric study. All patients were planned using partial arc VMAT in the Monaco treatment planning system using two partial arc beams...

BACKGROUND: The retrospective study investigated the association between the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of primary tumor and lymph node involvement in potential stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) candidates. METHODS: A total of 185 patients with clinical stage I NSCLC were enrolled in the current study. All patients underwent lobectomy with systematic lymph node dissection following preoperative FDG-PET/CT scanning. The association between clinicopathological variables and lymph node involvement was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis...

PURPOSE: Description of the treatment technique of stereotactic lung radiotherapy on Novalis Tx(®) and prospective study of the first 100 pulmonary nodules treated at centre Jean-Perrin (France). MATERIAL AND METHODS: From October 2012 to December 2015, 100 inoperable pulmonary nodules (62 stage I non-small-cell lung cancer and 38 metastases) of 90 patients with a mean age of 68.2 years (range: 46-89 years) were prospectively treated with dynamic arctherapy on Novalis Tx(®)...

Clinical Question: Is up-front whole-brain radiotherapy required to treat multiple brain metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer when highly active targeted therapies are available? Clinical Application: Patients with EGFR-mutant or ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer with brain metastases now have the potential to achieve a prolonged survival. Through use of highly active targeted therapies, whole-brain radiotherapy can be safely postponed, diminishing toxic effects that could impair quality of life...

PURPOSE: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease, despite an initially favorable response to treatment, and its prognosis is still poor. Multiple parameters have been studied as possible prognostic factors, but none of them are reliable enough to change the treatment approach. (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is a novel imaging technique for staging of SCLC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of pre-treatment FDG-PET parameters on clinical outcome in limited stage (LS) SCLC patients treated with curative thoracic radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy...

The advent of antiretroviral therapy has changed the disease spectrum constitution among patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), while the incidence of death due to non-AIDS-defining cancers, particularly lung cancer, continues to increase in the USA and Europe. However, the availability of detailed reports of the clinical characteristics of lung cancer among Asian populations is limited. The present study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, treatment regimens and outcomes of lung cancer patients with HIV who were treated in a single institution between 1988 and 2013...

RATIONALE: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a high propensity of metastasis. The most commonly described sites of distant metastasis are the bones, lungs, and liver, whereas axillary metastasis is seldom reported. PATIENT CONCERNS: We hereby present the case of a 66-year-old man with NPC, cT2N2M0, at diagnosis. He had completed chemoradiotherapy and been disease-free for 7 years. DIAGNOSES: After that period, late recurrence in the form of a solitary axillary lymph node metastasis was detected and confirmed by core-needle biopsy...

PURPOSE: To explore the effect of sampling interval of training data acquisition on the intrafractional prediction error of surrogate signal-based dynamic tumor-tracking using a gimbal-mounted linac. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty pairs of respiratory motions were acquired from 20 patients (ten lung, five liver, and five pancreatic cancer patients) who underwent dynamic tumor-tracking with the Vero4DRT. First, respiratory motions were acquired as training data for an initial construction of the prediction model before the irradiation...