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Dengfeng Li, Hong Wang, Hongming Song, Hui Xu, Bingkun Zhao, Chenyang Wu, Jiashu Hu, Tianqi Wu, Dan Xie, Junyong Zhao, Qiang Shen, Lin Fang
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the worst prognosis of all subtypes of breast cancer (BC), with limited options for conventional therapy and no targeted therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. In this study, we aimed to determine whether two members of the miR-200 family, miR-200b-3p and miR-429-5p, are involved in BC cell proliferation and motility and to elucidate their target genes and pathways. We performed a meta-analysis that reveals down-regulated expression of miR-200b-3p and miR-429-5p in BC tissues and cell lines, consistent with a lower expression of miR-200b-3p and miR-429-5p in MDA-MB-231 and HCC1937 cells than in MCF-7 and MCF-10 cells...
July 12, 2017: Oncotarget
#2
Jianjie Li, Fan Yang, Xiao Li, Min Zhang, Ruozi Fu, Xiaodan Yin, Jun Wang
Limited data is available regarding lung cancer in Chinese young adults. This study was aimed to determine the characteristics, survival, and prognostic factors of young lung cancer patients in China. We reviewed demographic and clinical data, and survival information of 420 young patients (20-45 years old) diagnosed with lung cancer in two Chinese hospitals between 2000 and 2013. The results showed that lung cancer occurred more frequently (70%) and affected more males than females (43.8% vs 26.7%) in patients older than 36; whereas, more females were affected under age 35 (16...
July 12, 2017: Oncotarget
#3
Lis Ellison-Loschmann, Andrew Sporle, Marine Corbin, Soo Cheng, Pauline Harawira, Michelle Gray, Tracey Whaanga, Parry Guilford, Jonathan Koea, Neil Pearce
Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand, experience disproportionate rates of stomach cancer, compared to non-Māori. The overall aim of the study was to better understand the reasons for the considerable excess of stomach cancer in Māori and to identify priorities for prevention. Māori stomach cancer cases from the New Zealand Cancer Registry between 1 February 2009 and 31 October 2013 and Māori controls, randomly selected from the New Zealand electoral roll were matched by 5-year age bands to cases...
2017: PloS One
#4
Elizabeth D Thompson, Janis M Taube, Rebecca J Asch-Kendrick, Aleksandra Ogurtsova, Haiying Xu, Rajni Sharma, Alan Meeker, Pedram Argani, Leisha A Emens, Ashley Cimino-Mathews
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immune checkpoint proteins such as PD-L1 are potential prognostic factors and therapeutic targets in breast cancer. Most studies characterizing the breast tumor immune microenvironment have focused on ductal carcinomas. Here we investigate the tumor microenvironment of primary invasive lobular carcinomas. Previously constructed tissue microarrays of 47 lobular carcinomas were labeled by immunohistochemistry for PD-L1, CD8, CD20, and FoxP3. The stromal immune infiltrate density was qualitatively scored as a percentage of tumor area: 1+ (<5%); 2+ (5-10%); 3+ (10-15%); or 4+ (>50%)...
July 21, 2017: Modern Pathology: An Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc
#5
A Sekar, N Gupta, A Rajwanshi, R Chaturvedi, N Singh, A Lal
OBJECTIVE: Approximately 10% of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclassifiable as NSCLC-not otherwise specified (NOS), after using a panel of immunomarkers. The present study was undertaken to assess sensitivity and specificity of immunomarkers in sub-typing NSCLC on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations were also detected in these samples. METHODS: Sixty cases of NSCLC including 15 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 15 adenocarcinomas (ADC) and 30 NSCLC-NOS reported on FNAC were included in the study...
July 21, 2017: Cytopathology: Official Journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology
#6
Amana Saadallah-Kallel, Rania Abdelmaksoud-Dammak, Mouna Triki, Slim Charfi, Abdelmajid Khabir, Tahia Sallemi-Boudawara, Raja Mokdad-Gargouri
Aberrant DNA methylation of CpG islands occurred frequently in CRC and associated with transcriptional silencing of key genes. In this study, the CIMP combined with MLH1 or p16 (INK4a) methylation status was determined in CRC patients and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and overall survival. Our data showed that CIMP+ CRCs were identified in 32.9% of cases and that CACNAG1 is the most frequently methylated promoter. When we combined the CIMP with the MLH1 or the p16 (INK4a) methylation status, we found that CIMP-/MLH1-U (37...
August 2017: Medical Oncology
#7
Tianjian Yu, Genhong Di
Breast cancer has been shown to live in the tumor microenvironment, which consists of not only breast cancer cells themselves but also a significant amount of pathophysiologically altered surrounding stroma and cells. Diverse components of the breast cancer microenvironment, such as suppressive immune cells, re-programmed fibroblast cells, altered extracellular matrix (ECM) and certain soluble factors, synergistically impede an effective anti-tumor response and promote breast cancer progression and metastasis...
June 2017: Chinese Journal of Cancer Research, Chung-kuo Yen Cheng Yen Chiu
#8
Zongbi Yi, Fei Ma, Chunxiao Li, Rongrong Chen, Lifang Yuan, Xiaoying Sun, Xiuwen Guan, Lixi Li, Binliang Liu, Yanfang Guan, Haili Qian, Binghe Xu
It is particularly important to provide precise therapies and understand tumor heterogeneity based on the molecular typing of mutational landscape. However, the landscape of somatic mutations in different subtypes of advanced breast cancer (ABC) is largely unknown. We applied target-region capture deep sequencing to determine the frequency and spectrum of common cancer-related gene mutations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) among different ABC subtypes and analyze their association with clinical features. In this retrospective study of 100 female advanced breast cancer patients, 96 (96...
July 20, 2017: Scientific Reports
#9
Neri Mercatelli, Silvia Galardi, Silvia Anna Ciafrè
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and inevitably lethal primary brain tumor, with a median survival rate of only 15 months from diagnosis. The current standard treatment involves maximal surgical resection flanked by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide. However, even such aggressive treatment is never curative, and recurrent tumors always arise, commonly in more aggressive, chemo- and radio-resistant forms, leading to untreatable and deadly tumors. MicroRNAs, recognized major players in cancer, are deeply involved in GBM, as shown by more than a decade of studies...
2017: International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology
#10
Matthew Truong, Changyong Feng, Gary Hollenberg, Eric Weinberg, Edward M Messing, Hiroshi Miyamoto, Thomas P Frye
PURPOSE: Recently, a large body of evidence has emerged recognizing that cribriform morphology is an aggressive prostate cancer morphological pattern associated with higher cancer-specific mortality. In a comprehensive analysis, we compared traditional and contemporary prostate biopsy techniques for detection of prostate cancer with cribriform morphology and used radical prostatectomy as a reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospectively maintained single institution multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) database (n = 1,001) was queried to identify 240 patients who underwent MR/US fusion targeted biopsy (TB) and concurrent systematic biopsy (SB) from December 2014 to December 2016...
July 17, 2017: Journal of Urology
#11
W J Choi, J H Cha, H H Kim, H J Shin, E Y Chae, K H Jung, J-H Ahn, S-B Kim, B H Son, S H Ahn
AIMS: To investigate whether preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with primary breast cancer is predictive of disease-free (DFS) and overall survival and to determine the prognostic factors indicating survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board and the requirement for informed consent was waived. From 2009 to 2010, 828 women with primary breast cancer and preoperative MRI were matched with 1613 women without such imaging...
July 17, 2017: Clinical Oncology: a Journal of the Royal College of Radiologists
#12
Angela Collarino, Elizabeth J de Koster, Renato A Valdés Olmos, Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei, Lenka M Pereira Arias-Bouda
BACKGROUND: Interest in technetium-99m ((99m)Tc)-sestamibi imaging for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response monitoring in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is increasing but remains matter of discussion. The present study conducted a meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of (99m)Tc-sestamibi to predict pathologic nonresponse to NAC for primary LABC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic data search was performed. Studies with a minimum of 10 LABC patients that had evaluated (99m)Tc-sestamibi imaging for NAC nonresponse using conventional planar scintimammography, breast-specific γ-imaging, and/or single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) were included...
June 29, 2017: Clinical Breast Cancer
#13
Y K Wang, L Shen, X T Zhang
Objective: This study aimed to review the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients with elevated serum Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Methods: From August 2006 to May 2016, 70patients with advanced gastric cancer were enrolled retrospectively. All these patients had pathologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma, had a serum AFP level of more than 20 ng/ml, and received at least first-line treatment. The clinicopathological data and follow-up data were collected for analysis...
July 23, 2017: Zhonghua Zhong Liu za Zhi [Chinese Journal of Oncology]
#14
REVIEW
Louis-Philippe Bernier, Ariel R Ase, Philippe Séguéla
Chronic pain is a highly prevalent debilitating condition for which treatment options remain limited for many patients. Ionotropic ATP signaling through excitatory and calcium-permeable P2X receptor-channels is now rightfully considered as a critical player in pathological pain generation and maintenance, therefore their selective targeting represents a therapeutic opportunity with promising yet untapped potential. Recent advances in the structural, functional and pharmacological characterization of rodent and human ATP-gated P2X receptor-channels have shed brighter light on the role of specific subtypes in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory, neuropathic or cancer pain...
July 20, 2017: British Journal of Pharmacology
#15
Nadia Taoussi, Ali Alghamdi, Konrad Futyma, Tomasz Rechberger
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract encountered in western countries, making it the fourth most common cancer in women. The incidence of uterine cancer is on the rise throughout the developed world where diagnosis is increasingly observed among younger patients. With regard to this, attention has been focused on conducting more studies to achieve a better understanding of the molecular genetics related to endometrial carcinogenesis. Over the years, EC has been classified into two broad histopathological subtypes based on the mechanism of development, and we can therefore observe specific biomarkers related to the respective subtype...
2017: Ginekologia Polska
#16
Paul A Northcott, Ivo Buchhalter, A Sorana Morrissy, Volker Hovestadt, Joachim Weischenfeldt, Tobias Ehrenberger, Susanne Gröbner, Maia Segura-Wang, Thomas Zichner, Vasilisa A Rudneva, Hans-Jörg Warnatz, Nikos Sidiropoulos, Aaron H Phillips, Steven Schumacher, Kortine Kleinheinz, Sebastian M Waszak, Serap Erkek, David T W Jones, Barbara C Worst, Marcel Kool, Marc Zapatka, Natalie Jäger, Lukas Chavez, Barbara Hutter, Matthias Bieg, Nagarajan Paramasivam, Michael Heinold, Zuguang Gu, Naveed Ishaque, Christina Jäger-Schmidt, Charles D Imbusch, Alke Jugold, Daniel Hübschmann, Thomas Risch, Vyacheslav Amstislavskiy, Francisco German Rodriguez Gonzalez, Ursula D Weber, Stephan Wolf, Giles W Robinson, Xin Zhou, Gang Wu, David Finkelstein, Yanling Liu, Florence M G Cavalli, Betty Luu, Vijay Ramaswamy, Xiaochong Wu, Jan Koster, Marina Ryzhova, Yoon-Jae Cho, Scott L Pomeroy, Christel Herold-Mende, Martin Schuhmann, Martin Ebinger, Linda M Liau, Jaume Mora, Roger E McLendon, Nada Jabado, Toshihiro Kumabe, Eric Chuah, Yussanne Ma, Richard A Moore, Andrew J Mungall, Karen L Mungall, Nina Thiessen, Kane Tse, Tina Wong, Steven J M Jones, Olaf Witt, Till Milde, Andreas Von Deimling, David Capper, Andrey Korshunov, Marie-Laure Yaspo, Richard Kriwacki, Amar Gajjar, Jinghui Zhang, Rameen Beroukhim, Ernest Fraenkel, Jan O Korbel, Benedikt Brors, Matthias Schlesner, Roland Eils, Marco A Marra, Stefan M Pfister, Michael D Taylor, Peter Lichter
Current therapies for medulloblastoma, a highly malignant childhood brain tumour, impose debilitating effects on the developing child, and highlight the need for molecularly targeted treatments with reduced toxicity. Previous studies have been unable to identify the full spectrum of driver genes and molecular processes that operate in medulloblastoma subgroups. Here we analyse the somatic landscape across 491 sequenced medulloblastoma samples and the molecular heterogeneity among 1,256 epigenetically analysed cases, and identify subgroup-specific driver alterations that include previously undiscovered actionable targets...
July 19, 2017: Nature
#17
Vanessa Mucchietto, Francesca Fasoli, Susanna Pucci, Milena Moretti, Roberta Benfante, Annalisa Maroli, Simona Di Lascio, Cristiano Bolchi, Marco Pallavicini, Cheryl Dowell, Michael McIntosh, Francesco Clementi, Cecilia Gotti
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Tobacco smoke contains many classes of carcinogens and although nicotine is unable to initiate tumorigenesis in humans and rodents, it promotes tumour growth and metastasis in lung tumours by acting on neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The aim of this study was to identify molecularly, biochemically and pharmacologically which nAChR subtypes are expressed and functionally activated by nicotine in lung cancer cell lines. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: We used A549 and H1975 adenocarcinoma cell lines derived from lung tumour to test the in vitro effects of nicotine, and nAChR subtype-specific peptides and compounds...
July 20, 2017: British Journal of Pharmacology
#18
Orit Kaidar-Person, Icro Meattini, Allison M Deal, Giulio Francolini, Giulio Carta, Lauren Terzo, Jayne Camporeale, Hyman Muss, Lawrence B Marks, Lorenzo Livi, Deborah K Mayer, Timothy M Zagar
The aim of this study was to evaluate the mental health consumption among patients with early-stage breast cancer in two radiation oncology departments in two countries (USA and Italy). Data were extracted from the medical records of consecutive patients treated between 2014 and 2015 in two centers. Extracted data included patient's demographics, treatment, referral to psychological supportive care programs, and prescribed psychotropic drugs. Data from the two centers were compared using Student's t, Wilcoxon, Fisher's exact, and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests...
August 2017: Medical Oncology
#19
G J Nason, E J Redmond, S W Considine, S I Omer, D Power, P Sweeney
BACKGROUND: Leydig cell tumour (LCT) of the testis is a rare histological subtype of stromal tumours, accounting for 1 to 3% of testicular neoplasms. The natural history of LCT is poorly understood. AIMS: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and natural history of Leydig cell tumours (LCT) of the testes. METHODS: A search of the National Cancer Registry of Ireland database was performed regarding Leydig cell testicular tumours...
July 19, 2017: Irish Journal of Medical Science
#20
Sharon Del Vecchio, Robert Ellis, Kylie Gallagher, Keng Lim Ng, Li Ma, Geoffrey Strutton, Simon Wood
Laryngeal cancer is the 14th most common malignancy worldwide, and its common subtype squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is highly associated with tobacco use and long-term alcohol consumption. The incidence of distant metastasis from a primary laryngeal cancer has been reported to be very low, between 6.5% and 8.5%, according to published tumour registry data. Distant metastases of laryngeal SCC most commonly involve the lung, liver, bone and mediastinum, seldom involving the kidney. Renal metastasis has been well established in many other cancers such as lymphoma, lung, breast and gastric carcinoma...
2017: Journal of Kidney Cancer and VHL
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