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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ottavia De Simoni, Melania Scarpa, Ignazio Castagliuolo, Astghik Stepanyan, Imerio Angriman, Andromachi Kotsafti, Camilla Nacci, Federico Scognamiglio, Silvia Negro, Antonella D'Angelo, Valentina Chiminazzo, Gianluca Businello, Cesare Ruffolo, Roberta Salmaso, Boris Franzato, Mario Gruppo, Pierluigi Pilati, Antonio Scapinello, Anna Pozza, Tommaso Stecca, Marco Massani, Ivana Cataldo, Stefano Brignola, Angelo Paolo Dei Tos, Carlotta Ceccon, Vincenza Guzzardo, Chiara Vignotto, Luca Facci, Isacco Maretto, Marco Agostini, Francesco Marchegiani, Giulia Becherucci, Maurizio Zizzo, Giovanni Bordignon, Roberto Merenda, Giovanni Pirozzolo, Alfonso Recordare, Giulia Pozza, Mario Godina, Isabella Mondi, Daunia Verdi, Corrado Da Lio, Licia Laurino, Luca Saadeh, Giorgio Rivella, Silvio Guerriero, Chiara Romiti, Giuseppe Portale, Chiara Cipollari, Ylenia Camilla Spolverato, Giulia Noaro, Roberto Cola, Salvatore Candioli, Laura Gavagna, Fabio Ricagna, Monica Ortenzi, Mario Guerrieri, Giovanni Tagliente, Monica Tomassi, Umberto Tedeschi, Beatrice Salmaso, Gianluca Buzzi, Dario Parini, Daniela Prando, Matteo Zuin, Francesca Bergamo, Vittorina Zagonel, Andrea Porzionato, Francesco Cavallin, Barbara Di Camillo, Loretta Di Cristoforo, Quoc Riccardo Bao, Salvatore Pucciarelli, Romeo Bardini, Gaya Spolverato, Matteo Fassan, Marco Scarpa
BACKGROUND: Long-term daily use of aspirin reduces incidence and mortality due to colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to analyze the effect of aspirin on the tumor microenvironment, systemic immunity, and on the healthy mucosa surrounding cancer. METHODS: Patients with a diagnosis of CRC operated on from 2015 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed (METACCRE cohort). Expression of mRNA of immune surveillance-related genes (PD-L1, CD80, CD86, HLA I, and HLA II) in CRC primary cells treated with aspirin were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus-deposited public database (GSE76583)...
April 22, 2024: Cancer
#2
REVIEW
Alexandra N Jones, Katharina M Scheurlen, Anne Macleod, Hillary L Simon, Susan Galandiuk
Metabolic dysfunction associated with obesity leads to a chronic pro-inflammatory state with systemic effects, including the alteration of macrophage metabolism. Tumor-associated macrophages have been linked to the formation of cancer through the production of metabolites such as itaconate. Itaconate downregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma as a tumor-suppressing factor and upregulates anti-inflammatory cytokines in M2-like macrophages. Similarly, leptin and adiponectin also influence macrophage cytokine expression and contribute to the progression of colorectal cancer via changes in gene expression within the PI3K/AKT pathway...
April 3, 2024: Cancers
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andriy Derkach, Elizabeth D Kantor, Joshua N Sampson, Ruth M Pfeiffer
Our work was motivated by the question whether, and to what extent, well-established risk factors mediate the racial disparity observed for colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in the United States. Mediation analysis examines the relationships between an exposure, a mediator and an outcome. All available methods require access to a single complete data set with these three variables. However, because population-based studies usually include few non-White participants, these approaches have limited utility in answering our motivating question...
April 12, 2024: Statistics in Medicine
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Zhang, Haitao Sun, Yu Ji, Fang Nie, Rong Wang, Wei Han
BACKGROUND: Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent digestive cancers worldwide. Results of epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies suggest that aspirin inhibits the development of colon cancer. This study aimed to systematically elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which aspirin prevents colon carcinogenesis. METHODS: We determined the global protein expression profiles of colorectal cancer and aspirin-treated cells using quantitative proteomic analysis...
April 2024: Cancer Pathog Ther
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Zhang, Piyun Zhang, Sijia Li, Ting Yu, Xiangyu Lai, Yongpeng He
INTRODUCTION: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus AFY06 (LR-AFY06) is a microorganism isolated from naturally fermented yogurt in Xinjiang, China. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of LR-AFY06 in a mouse model of inflammation-associated colon cancer. The mouse model was established by azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS) induction. The tumor number in intestinal tissues was counted, and the histopathological analysis was performed on colon tissues...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziwei Wang, Shen Chen, Yuzhi Guo, Rui Zhang, Qi Zhang, Xinhang Jiang, Miao Li, Yue Jiang, Lizhu Ye, Xiaoyu Guo, Chuang Li, Guangtong Zhang, Daochuan Li, Liping Chen, Wen Chen
The high incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is closely associated with environmental pollutant exposure. To identify potential intestinal carcinogens, we developed a cell transformation assay (CTA) using mouse adult stem cell-derived intestinal organoids (mASC-IOs) and assessed the transformation potential on 14 representative chemicals, including Cd, iPb, Cr-VI, iAs-III, Zn, Cu, PFOS, BPA, MEHP, AOM, DMH, MNNG, aspirin, and metformin. We optimized the experimental protocol based on cytotoxicity, amplification, and colony formation of chemical-treated mASC-IOs...
April 2, 2024: Archives of Toxicology
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shakira R Onwuka, Lucy Boyd, Rushani Wijesuriya, Kate Broun, Julie Marker, Max Shub, Jennifer G McIntosh, Finlay Macrae, Patty Chondros, Sibel Saya, Kitty Novy, Mark A Jenkins, Fiona M Walter, Lyndal Trevena, Javiera Martinez Gutierrez, George Fishman, Jon Emery
Background Australian guidelines recommend that all people aged 50-70 years old consider taking low-dose aspirin to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Aim To determine the effect of a consultation with a researcher in general practice using a decision aid about taking low-dose aspirin to prevent CRC on informed decision-making and low-dose aspirin uptake compared to a general CRC prevention brochure. Design and Setting Individually randomised controlled trial in six general practices in Victoria, Australia, from October 2020 to March 2021...
March 25, 2024: British Journal of General Practice
#8
REVIEW
Ali Darraj
Aspirin is a recognized and affordable antiplatelet medicine. Low amounts of aspirin have been used to prevent cardiovascular events, and it is still widely used for primary and secondary stroke prevention. The purpose of this review article is to evaluate the effects of using low doses of aspirin among elderly people. Although taking large dosages of aspirin (500 mg daily) reduces the long-term risk of colorectal cancer, its effectiveness for long-term prevention may be limited by adverse effects. Studies have assessed the relationship between aspirin dosage, incidence, and death in patients with colorectal cancer...
February 2024: Curēus
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paola Patrignani, Stefania Tacconelli, Annalisa Contursi, Elena Piazuelo, Annalisa Bruno, Stefania Nobili, Matteo Mazzei, Cristina Milillo, Ulrika Hofling, Gonzalo Hijos-Mallada, Carlos Sostres, Angel Lanas
Background: Low-dose aspirin's mechanism of action for preventing colorectal cancer (CRC) is still debated, and the optimal dose remains uncertain. We aimed to optimize the aspirin dose for cancer prevention in CRC patients through deep phenotyping using innovative biomarkers for aspirin's action. Methods: We conducted a Phase II, open-label clinical trial in 34 CRC patients of both sexes randomized to receive enteric-coated aspirin 100 mg/d, 100 mg/BID, or 300 mg/d for 3 ± 1 weeks...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David J Benjamin, Alyson Haslam, Vinay Prasad
BACKGROUND: Due to encouraging pre-clinical data and supportive observational studies, there has been growing interest in applying cardiovascular drugs (including aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, statins, and metformin) approved to treat diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus to the field of oncology. Moreover, given growing costs with cancer care, these medications have offered a potentially more affordable avenue to treat or prevent recurrence of cancer...
March 2024: Cancer Medicine
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Khanh Dinh Hoang, Jin-Hua Chen, Tsai-Wei Huang, Yi-No Kang, Chiehfeng Chen
Colorectal adenomas have the potential of malignant transformation if left untreated. Multiple randomized controlled trials have been performed to evaluate the efficacy of aspirin in preventing colorectal adenoma recurrence in a population with a history of colorectal adenoma but not colorectal cancer, however, the relationship between aspirin dose and colorectal adenoma recurrence remains unclear. We conducted pairwise meta-analysis, meta-regression, trial sequential analysis, and network meta-analysis of all eligible studies...
2024: PloS One
#12
REVIEW
Arianna Dal Buono, Alberto Puccini, Gianluca Franchellucci, Marco Airoldi, Michela Bartolini, Paolo Bianchi, Armando Santoro, Alessandro Repici, Cesare Hassan
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Lynch syndrome (LS) is currently one of the most prevalent hereditary cancer conditions, accounting for 3% of all colorectal cancers and for up to 15% of those with DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency, and it was one of the first historically identified. The understanding of the molecular carcinogenesis of LS tumors has progressed significantly in recent years. We aim to review the most recent advances in LS research and explore genotype-based approaches in surveillance, personalized cancer prevention, and treatment strategies...
February 20, 2024: Cancers
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ka Shing Cheung
Big data is characterized by three attributes: volume, variety,, and velocity. In healthcare setting, big data refers to vast dataset that is electronically stored and managed in an automated manner and has the potential to enhance human health and healthcare system. In this review, gastric cancer (GC) and postcolonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) will be used to illustrate application of big data approach in the field of gastrointestinal cancer research. Helicobacter pylori (HP) eradication only reduces GC risk by 46% due to preexisting precancerous lesions...
February 27, 2024: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
#14
REVIEW
Puze Wang, Bo Chen, Yin Huang, Jin Li, Dehong Cao, Zeyu Chen, Jinze Li, Biao Ran, Jiahao Yang, Ruyi Wang, Qiang Wei, Qiang Dong, Liangren Liu
Several clinical and preclinical studies have shown that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly aspirin, reduce the incidence of various cancer types. However, there is still a lack of literature evaluating the overall association between multiple cancer morbidities and NSAIDs. Thus, we conducted an umbrella review to evaluate the quality of evidence, validity, and biases of the existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the relationships between NSAIDS and multiple tumor incidence outcomes...
January 30, 2024: Heliyon
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Nafisi, Nathalie C Støer, Marit B Veierød, Kristin R Randel, Geir Hoff, Lukas Löfling, Cristina Bosetti, Edoardo Botteri
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between low-dose aspirin use and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: In this nationwide cohort study, we identified individuals aged ≥50 years residing for 6 months or more in Norway in 2004-2018, and obtained data from national registers on drug prescriptions, cancer occurrence, and sociodemographic factors. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate the association between low-dose aspirin use and CRC risk...
February 1, 2024: American Journal of Gastroenterology
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacquelyn Bolwell, Robert Butler, Carol A Burke, David Liska, Carole Macaron
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is rising in young adults between ages 20 to 49 years. CRC screening is endorsed for average-risk individuals beginning at ages 45 to 49 years. Targeting screening for individuals <45 years may be warranted if risk factors for advanced neoplasia can be identified. AIM: To identify factors associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia in adults aged <45 years. METHOD: Individuals ages 18 to 44 years who underwent colonoscopy at Cleveland Clinic between 2011 and 2021 with ≥1 advanced neoplasm (AN) were included...
January 15, 2024: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelly E Lloyd, Louise H Hall, Lucy Ziegler, Robbie Foy, Sophie M C Green, Mairead MacKenzie, David G Taylor, Samuel G Smith
OBJECTIVES: Aspirin could be offered for colorectal cancer prevention for the UK general population. To ensure the views of the general population are considered in future guidance, we explored public perceptions of aspirin for preventive therapy. DESIGN: We conducted an online survey to investigate aspirin use, and awareness of aspirin for cancer prevention among the UK general population. We conducted semistructured interviews with a subsample of survey respondents to explore participants' acceptability towards aspirin for cancer preventive therapy...
December 18, 2023: BMJ Open
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dietary and lifestyle indices for hyperinsulinemia and colorectal cancer risk: a case-control study.
Pegah Hadi Sicahni, Maede Makhtoomi, Kimia Leilami, Zainab Shateri, Farzaneh Mohammadi, Mehran Nouri, Niloofar Omidbeigi, Sanaz Mehrabani, Bahram Rashidkhani
BACKGROUND: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has increased in Iran, and determining the dietary patterns that can contribute to reducing or increasing the risk of CRC will help better control this disease. Therefore, in the current study, we assessed the association between the empirical lifestyle index for hyperinsulinemia (ELIH) and the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) with the CRC odds. METHODS: The present case (n = 71)-control (n = 142) study was carried out in several CRC surgical units of hospitals in Tehran, Iran...
December 11, 2023: BMC Gastroenterology
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lenard M Lichtenberger
This review will discuss evidence that aspirin possesses anticancer activity. Long-term observational retrospective studies on nurses and health professionals demonstrated that regular aspirin users had a significantly lower incidence of colorectal cancer (RCT). Prospective studies on patients with a high risk of developing colorectal polyps/cancer confirmed that aspirin use significantly lowered colorectal dysplasia. Numerous observational studies focused on the use of aspirin in a broad range of cancers demonstrating a consistent 20-30% preventive effect on cancer incidence and mortality...
December 8, 2023: Inflammopharmacology
#20
Lifeng Yang, Yan Wang, Shasha Hu, Xiaoyan Wang
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) chemoprevention in the high-risk population for colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: Meta-analysis was conducted to assess the caliber of the included literature by searching five databases for randomized controlled trials of DFMO chemoprevention in the high-risk population of CRC, with RevMan 5.4, Stata 15.0 and TSA 0.9.5.10 employed to statistically analyze the extracted data. Grade profiler 3...
2023: Frontiers in Oncology
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