keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544318/prevalence-of-staphylococcus-argenteus-among-food-handlers-kitchen-utensils-and-food-samples-in-japan
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuki Wakabayashi, Yuko Kumeda, Shizue Yoshihara, Hayato Tokumoto, Kentaro Kawatsu, Masami Miyake
Staphylococcus argenteus has received increased attention from an aspect of food safety since several food poisoning outbreaks caused by the bacterium were reported in Japan. However, S. argenteus prevalence among food handlers and utensils has not yet been investigated. In this study, we investigated S. argenteus prevalence among a collection of coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) that were isolated during food sanitary inspections in Japan. Out of a total of 191 CPS isolates, 14 were identified as S. argenteus...
March 27, 2024: Letters in Applied Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543842/epidemiological-and-genetic-characterization-of-coxsackievirus-a6-associated-hand-foot-and-mouth-disease-in-gwangju-south-korea-in-2022
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ji-Eun Lee, Min-Ji Kim, Mi-Hyeon Lim, Sue-Ji Han, Jin-Yeong Kim, Soo-Hoo Kim, Yi-Duen Ha, Gyung-Li Gang, Yoon-Seok Chung, Jung-Mi Seo
Coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) has emerged as the predominant causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in young children. Since the declaration of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a global pandemic, the incidence of infectious diseases, including HFMD, has decreased markedly. When social mitigation was relaxed during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2022, the re-emergence of HFMD was observed in Gwangju, South Korea, and seasonal characteristics of the disease appeared to have changed. To investigate the molecular characteristics of enterovirus (EV) associated with HFMD during 2022, 277 specimens were collected...
March 20, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543793/single-dose-immunogenic-dna-vaccines-coding-for-live-attenuated-alpha-and-flaviviruses
#23
REVIEW
Peter Pushko, Igor S Lukashevich, Dylan M Johnson, Irina Tretyakova
Single-dose, immunogenic DNA (iDNA) vaccines coding for whole live-attenuated viruses are reviewed. This platform, sometimes called immunization DNA, has been used for vaccine development for flavi- and alphaviruses. An iDNA vaccine uses plasmid DNA to launch live-attenuated virus vaccines in vitro or in vivo. When iDNA is injected into mammalian cells in vitro or in vivo, the RNA genome of an attenuated virus is transcribed, which starts replication of a defined, live-attenuated vaccine virus in cell culture or the cells of a vaccine recipient...
March 10, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543719/cross-species-transmission-potential-of-h4-avian-influenza-viruses-in-china-epidemiological-and-evolutionary-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuxia Lin, Ye Zhang, Jiaying Yang, Lei Yang, Xiyan Li, Hong Bo, Jia Liu, Min Tan, Wenfei Zhu, Dayan Wang, Yuelong Shu
H4 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been widely detected in live poultry markets in China. However, the potential public health impact of H4 AIVs remains largely uncertain. Here, we fully analyzed the distribution and phylogenetic relationship of H4 AIVs in China. We obtained 31 isolates of H4 viruses in China during 2009-2022 through surveillance in poultry-associated environments, such as live poultry markets and poultry farms. Genomic sequence analysis together with publicly available data revealed that frequent reassortment and introduction of H4 AIV from wild birds to poultry may have occurred...
February 24, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543685/oral-fluids-for-the-early-detection-of-classical-swine-fever-in-commercial-level-pig-pens
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erin Robert, Kalhari Goonewardene, Ian El Kanoa, Orie Hochman, Charles Nfon, Aruna Ambagala
The early detection of classical swine fever (CSF) remains a key challenge, especially when outbreaks are caused by moderate and low-virulent CSF virus (CSFV) strains. Oral fluid is a reliable and cost-effective sample type that is regularly surveilled for endemic diseases in commercial pig herds in North America. Here, we explored the possibility of utilizing oral fluids for the early detection of CSFV incursions in commercial-size pig pens using two independent experiments. In the first experiment, a seeder pig infected with the moderately-virulent CSFV Pinillos strain was used, and in the second experiment, a seeder pig infected with the highly-virulent CSFV Koslov strain was used...
February 20, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543682/lps-dephosphorylating-cobetia-amphilecti-alkaline-phosphatase-of-phoa-family-divergent-from-the-multiple-homologues-of-cobetia-spp
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Larissa Balabanova, Svetlana Bakholdina, Nina Buinovskaya, Yulia Noskova, Oksana Kolpakova, Vanessa Vlasova, Georgii Bondarev, Aleksandra Seitkalieva, Oksana Son, Liudmila Tekutyeva
A highly active alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of the protein structural family PhoA, from a mussel gut-associated strain of the marine bacterium Cobetia amphilecti KMM 296 (CmAP), was found to effectively dephosphorylate lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Therefore, the aim of this work was to perform a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the structure, and to suggest the physiological role of this enzyme in marine bacteria of the genus Cobetia . A scrutiny of the CmAP-like sequences in 36 available Cobetia genomes revealed nine homologues intrinsic to the subspecies C...
March 21, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543679/isolation-and-characterization-of-a-novel-virulent-phage-asg01-of-aeromonas-salmonicida-and-its-cell-wall-hydrolase-activity
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chen Li, Qiting Fang, Yangjun Zhang, Kunyan Li, Yaoguang Li, Rong Wang, Yuyuan Peng, Guofan Zhang, Liqiu Xia, Shengbiao Hu
Aeromonas salmonicida is an important pathogen that causes furunculosis in trout and salmon with high morbidity and mortality, resulting in significant economic losses in aquaculture. Overuse of antibiotics has led to the continuous emergence of drug-resistant strains. Hence, there is an urgent need to find an alternative environmentally friendly antimicrobial agent. In this study, we isolated a virulent phage of A. salmonicida , named ASG01, which belongs to the Myoviridae family and maintains lytic activity at a pH value range from 4 to 12 and in the temperature range from 30 °C to 60 °C...
March 21, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543626/antimicrobial-resistance-and-genomic-characteristics-of-escherichia-coli-strains-isolated-from-the-poultry-industry-in-henan-province-china
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zugang Li, Chaoying Jia, Zizhe Hu, Yancheng Jin, Tianzhi Li, Xiaoxue Zhang, Zhong Peng, Ruicheng Yang, Huanchun Chen, Xiangru Wang
Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) is an important foodborne pathogen and a biomarker for monitoring antimicrobial resistance. Investigating the prevalence of E. coli in the poultry industry holds great importance, particularly in Henan province, a major poultry-producing region in China. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes of E. coli strains obtained from the poultry industry in Henan, China. A total of 344 E. coli strains were isolated from 638 samples collected from seven farms, three slaughterhouses, and ten terminal markets...
March 13, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543623/a-novel-transposon-tn-7709-harbors-multidrug-resistance-genes-in-a-pathogenic-aeromonas-media-strain-qst31
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Baodi Shang, Xiaoyi Li, Xiaoping Zhang, Meiyan Zhang, Jie Kong, Jinle Wang, Aiping Tan, Feng Zhao, Defeng Zhang
Pathogenic Aeromonas spp. are the etiological agents of Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS). This study aimed to identify the pathogen of diseased tadpoles ( Quasipaa spinosa ) and the antibiotic-resistance characteristics of this bacterium. A Gram-negative bacterium, named strain QST31, was isolated from the ascites of diseased tadpoles and was identified as Aeromonas media based on physiological and biochemical tests, as well as molecular identification. Artificial infection experiments showed that strain QST31 was highly virulent to tadpoles, with an LC50 of 2...
March 13, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543620/genomic-evolution-and-selective-pressure-analysis-of-a-novel-porcine-sapovirus-in-shanghai-china
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Tao, Benqiang Li, Ying Shi, Jinghua Cheng, Pan Tang, Jiajie Jiao, Huili Liu
Porcine sapovirus (PoSaV) is one of the most significant pathogens causing piglet diarrhea, and one with limited genetic characterization. In this study, the prevalence, infection pattern, and genetic evolution of porcine sapovirus were elucidated in detail. The positive rate of PoSaV was 10.1% (20/198), with dual, triple, and quadruple infections of 45%, 40%, and 5%, respectively. To further explore the viral composition in the PoSaV-positive diarrhea feces, metagenomic sequencing was carried out. The results confirmed that RNA viruses accounted for a higher proportion (55...
March 12, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543613/characterization-and-implications-of-incp-2a-plasmid-pmas152-harboring-multidrug-resistance-genes-in-extensively-drug-resistant-pseudomonas-aeruginosa
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Mei, Yang Song, Xiao Liu, Kun Li, Xu Guo, Li Liu, Yang Liu, Zisis Kozlakidis, Io Hong Cheong, Duochun Wang, Qiang Wei
Bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global public health challenge. The escalation of AMR is primarily attributed to the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), often facilitated by plasmids. This underscores the critical need for a comprehensive understanding of the resistance mechanisms and transmission dynamics of these plasmids. In this study, we utilized in vitro drug sensitivity testing, conjugation transfer assays, and whole-genome sequencing to investigate the resistance mechanism of an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate, MAS152...
March 12, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543599/mining-biosynthetic-gene-clusters-of-pseudomonas-vancouverensis-utilizing-whole-genome-sequencing
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Prabin Tamang, Arjun Upadhaya, Pradeep Paudel, Kumudini Meepagala, Charles L Cantrell
Natural product (NP)-based pesticides have emerged as a compelling alternative to traditional chemical fungicides, attracting substantial attention within the agrochemical industry as the world is pushing toward sustainable and environmentally friendly approaches to safeguard crops. Microbes, both bacteria and fungi, are a huge source of diverse secondary metabolites with versatile applications across pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and the food industry. Microbial genome mining has been accelerated for pesticide/drug discovery and development in recent years, driven by advancements in genome sequencing, bioinformatics, metabolomics/metabologenomics, and synthetic biology...
March 9, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543593/isolation-and-characterization-of-a-novel-aeromonas-salmonicida-infecting-studiervirinae-bacteriophage-jelg-ks1
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karina Svanberga, Jelena Avsejenko, Juris Jansons, Davids Fridmanis, Tatjana Kazaka, Aivars Berzins, Andris Dislers, Andris Kazaks, Nikita Zrelovs
Representatives of the bacterial genus Aeromonas are some of the most notorious aquaculture pathogens associated with a range of diseases in different fish species. As the world forges toward the post-antibiotic era, alternative options for combating bacterial pathogens are needed. One such alternative option is phage biocontrol. In this study, a novel podophage-JELG-KS1-infecting Aeromonas salmonicida was retrieved from wastewater along with its host strain. The genome of the JELG-KS1 phage is a 40,505 bp dsDNA molecule with a GC% of 53...
March 8, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543579/a-retrospective-analysis-of-salmonella-isolates-across-11-animal-species-1982-1999-led-to-the-first-identification-of-chromosomally-encoded-bla-sco-1-in-the-usa
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nneka Vivian Iduu, Donna Raiford, Austin Conley, Joy Scaria, Julie Nelson, Laura Ruesch, Stuart Price, Min Yue, Jiansen Gong, Lanjing Wei, Chengming Wang
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in non-typhoidal Salmonella is a pressing public health concern in the United States, necessitating continuous surveillance. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 251 Salmonella isolates from 11 animal species recovered between 1982 and 1999, utilizing serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Phenotypic resistance was observed in 101 isolates, with S . Typhimurium, S . Dublin, S . Agona, and S . Muenster prevailing among 36 identified serovars...
March 6, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543563/genomic-characterization-of-wild-lactobacillus-delbrueckii-strains-reveals-low-diversity-but-strong-typicity
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Grizon, Sébastien Theil, Sandra Helinck, Pauline Gerber, Pascal Bonnarme, Christophe Chassard
Investigating the diversity of a given species could give clues for the development of autochthonous starter cultures. However, few studies have focused on the intraspecies diversity of Lactobacillus delbrueckii strains, a technologically important lactic acid bacterium for the dairy industry. For this reason, Lactobacillus delbrueckii strains from the Saint-Nectaire Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) area were isolated and characterized. Genetic diversity was determined based on core genome phylogenetic reconstruction and pangenome analysis, while phenotypic assessments encompassed proteolysis and volatile compound production potential...
March 2, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543556/genomic-characterization-of-multidrug-resistant-pathogenic-enteric-bacteria-from-healthy-children-in-osun-state-nigeria
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica N Uwanibe, Idowu B Olawoye, Christian T Happi, Onikepe A Folarin
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is responsible for the spread and persistence of bacterial infections. Surveillance of AMR in healthy individuals is usually not considered, though these individuals serve as reservoirs for continuous disease transmission. Therefore, it is essential to conduct epidemiological surveillance of AMR in healthy individuals to fully understand the dynamics of AMR transmission in Nigeria. Thirteen multidrug-resistant Citrobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae , and Escherichia coli isolated from stool samples of healthy children were subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS) using Illumina and Oxford nanopore sequencing platforms...
March 1, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543545/first-report-and-characterization-of-a-plasmid-encoded-bla-sfo-1-in-a-multi-drug-resistant-aeromonas-hydrophila-clinical-isolate
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Troy Skwor, Dan Christopher Jones, Caitlin Cahak, Ryan J Newton
Antibiotic resistance remains one of the most pressing public health issues facing the world today. At the forefront of this battle lies the ever-increasing identification of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and carbapenemases within human pathogens, conferring resistance towards broad-spectrum and last-resort antimicrobials. This study was prompted due to the identification of a pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila isolate (strain MAH-4) collected from abdominal fluid, which presented a robust resistance pattern against second-, third-, and fourth-generation cephalosporins, ertapenem, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin, and beta lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations...
February 29, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543541/emergence-of-recombinant-subclade-d3-y-in-coxsackievirus-a6-strains-in-hand-foot-and-mouth-disease-hfmd-outbreak-in-india-2022
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sanjaykumar Tikute, Pratik Deshmukh, Nutan Chavan, Anita Shete, Pooja Shinde, Pragya Yadav, Mallika Lavania
Coxsackievirus-A6 (CV-A6) is responsible for more severe dermatological manifestations compared to other enteroviruses such as CV-A10, CV-A16, and EV-A71, causing HFMD in children and adults. Between 2005 and 2007, the recombinant subclade D3/RF-A started to expand globally, and a CV-A6 pandemic started. The study aimed to conduct whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of an isolated CV-A6 strain from currently circulating HFMD cases from India in 2022. Gene-specific RT-PCR and sequencing were used to perform molecular characterization of the isolated virus...
February 28, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543526/genetic-diversity-of-brucella-melitensis-isolated-from-domestic-ruminants-in-iraq
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fabrizio De Massis, Ruqaya Mustafa Ali, Sara Serrani, Michela Toro, Alessandra Sferrella, Nausica D'Aurelio, Anna Janowicz, Katiuscia Zilli, Teresa Romualdi, Eugenio Felicioni, Manhal Habeeb Salman, Dunya Hatem Fahdel, Hiba Saad Rashid, Bilal Qays Ameen, Giuliano Garofolo
The control and eradication of brucellosis represents a critical objective for Veterinary and Health Authorities across several countries globally. Efficient surveillance programs play a pivotal role in detecting and managing outbreaks. Epidemiological investigations significantly benefit from standardized and efficient molecular typing techniques and analytical tools, enabling public health laboratories to identify the origin of outbreaks. This study aimed to sequence Brucella spp. strains isolated in Iraq from different ruminant species to verify their molecular epidemiological correlations and, above all, to shed a light on how these Iraqi isolates are positioned in the phylogenetic context of Brucella spp...
February 27, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543518/genomic-surveillance-and-mutation-analysis-of-sars-cov-2-variants-among-patients-in-saudi-arabia
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Feda A Alsuwairi, Asma N Alsaleh, Dalia A Obeid, Ahmed A Al-Qahtani, Reem S Almaghrabi, Basma M Alahideb, Maha A AlAbdulkareem, Madain S Alsanea, Layla A Alharbi, Sahar I Althawadi, Sara A Altamimi, Abeer N Alshukairi, Fatimah S Alhamlan
The genome of severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has undergone a rapid evolution, resulting in the emergence of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants with amino acid changes. This study aimed to sequence the whole genome of SARS-CoV-2 and detect the variants present in specimens from Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, we sought to analyze and characterize the amino acid changes in the various proteins of the identified SARS-CoV-2 variants. A total of 1161 samples from patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia, between 1 April 2021 and 31 July 2023, were analyzed...
February 26, 2024: Microorganisms
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