Pathology education

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BACKGROUND: The decision regarding sex rearing in patients with Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) is heavily connected to the shared decision-making model within multidisciplinary team. Some of these patients might develop gender dysphoria, when they become adults. We have aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients with XY DSD who underwent female gender assignment at our center. METHODS: We have conducted a retrospective study of all 46, XY DSD patients who underwent female assignment in our institution over the last 30 years...

The European Council of Legal Medicine (ECLM) is the body established in 1992 to represent practitioners forensic & legal medicine and is composed of delegates of the countries of the European Union (EU) and from other countries which form part of Europe to a current total of 34 member countries. The aims of this study were to determine the current status of undergraduate forensic & legal medicine teaching in the curriculum of medical studies in ECLM countries and to use the results of this study to determine whether it would be appropriate to develop new guidelines and standards for harmonising the content of undergraduate forensic medicine training across ECLM member countries...

BACKGROUND: Neuro-ophthalmology, bridging neurology and ophthalmology, highlights the nervous system's crucial role in vision, encompassing afferent and efferent pathways. The evolution of this field has emphasized the importance of neuroanatomy for precise surgical interventions, presenting educational challenges in blending complex anatomical knowledge with surgical skills. This review examines the interplay between neuroanatomy and surgical practices in neuro-ophthalmology, aiming to identify educational gaps and suggest improvements...

OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the literature investigating the efficacy of speech-language pathology (SLP) interventions in the treatment of globus pharyngeus (GP), identify gaps in knowledge, and guide future research. STUDY DESIGN: Scoping review. METHODS: Search terms were selected for five databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar). Inclusion criteria were broad and focused on any SLP intervention used to treat GP...

BACKGROUND: Participation in life situations has been identified by people with aphasia (PWA) as an ultimate outcome of rehabilitation and is often measured with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) or informant-reported measures. It is known that PWA and informants do not always produce similar scores on measures of activities and participation. However, systematic differences between PWA and informants and the causes of these differences are not well understood. Here, we investigated these differences as a function of language impairment, perceived level of activity and participation success, and depressive symptoms...

AIM: To investigate changes in the clinical characteristics of patients who abused benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRA) or over-the-counter (OTC) drugs before and after COVID-19 based on the 2018 and 2022 data of the "Nationwide Psychiatric Hospital (NPH) Survey on Drug-related Psychiatric Disorders." METHOD: A total of 446 and 155 cases, and 435 and 273 cases, who mainly abused BZRAs or OTC drugs, respectively, were extracted from the database of the two NPH Surveys...

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most popular topics that can be integrated into healthcare activities. Currently, AI is used in specialized fields such as radiology, pathology, and ophthalmology. Despite the advantages of AI, the fear of human labor being replaced by this technology makes some students reluctant to choose specific fields. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the knowledge and attitude of medical, dental, and nursing students and experts in this field about AI and its application...

Interdisciplinary care in the management of complex pathology is critical to ensure patients receive predictable, evidence-based treatment. The authors report the unique case of a healthy 38-year-old female patient who presented to a private endodontics practice with a radiopaque lesion associated with the root of tooth No. 20. The patient experienced mild and occasional palpation tenderness associated with the tooth. Extraoral examination and intraoral soft tissues presented without any abnormalities. Intraoral radiographs revealed a radiopacity overlying the apex of tooth No...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of ChatGPT and Bard in answering pathology examination questions requiring image interpretation. METHODS: The study evaluated ChatGPT-4 and Bard's performance using 86 multiple-choice questions, with 17 (19.8%) focusing on general pathology and 69 (80.2%) on systemic pathology. Of these, 62 (72.1%) included microscopic images, and 57 (66.3%) were first-order questions focusing on diagnosing the disease. The authors presented these artificial intelligence (AI) tools with questions, both with and without clinical contexts, and assessed their answers against a reference standard set by pathologists...

Objective Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents an aggressive and prognostically poor variant of breast cancer. Over the years, detailed research has been conducted and published in Western literature. However, there lacks a detailed account of TNBC cases from the perspective of a low-volume institution. This study aims to assess the clinical features of TNBC, as well as their prognostic implications in a tertiary care centre. Methods and materials This prospective observational study took place at a tertiary health centre for two years, spanning from 2021 to 2023...

Background and objectives Appendicitis is a frequent cause of abdominal pain. Because of the limited availability of imaging services in many medical centers and an urge to reduce the substantial number of unnecessary appendectomies, several clinical diagnostic tools have been constructed. A novel diagnostic tool, referred to as the Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) score, has been created to assist in identifying acute appendicitis (AA) in Asian nations. The study aimed to assess the correlation between RIPASA scores and the severity of appendicitis as determined by pathological examination...

In this editorial, we inspect the critical role of gender diversity within the domain of pathology and its consequential impact on research innovation and clinical outcomes. The editorial commences with a historical overview of gender disparities in pathology, acknowledging advancements toward gender parity while highlighting persistent impediments to full inclusivity. The discourse emphasizes the intrinsic value of integrating diverse gender perspectives in research, illustrating how such inclusivity catalyzes innovation, mitigates research biases, and elevates the standard of patient care through a more comprehensive understanding of the field of pathology...

Subungual Onycholemmal Cyst (SOC) is a rare nail abnormality with different clinical presentations which can mimic different nail malignancies, such as melanoma, SCC, or glomus tumor. It is necessary for dermatologists and dermatopathologist to be aware of this pathology to make the proper diagnosis and treatment. SOC is a rare nail abnormality which affects the dermis of the nail bed. SOC has different clinical presentations, including onychodystrophy, ridging, clubbing, thickening, pigmentation, or even normal appearance...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Simulation training is an important component of medical education. In former studies, diagnostic simulation training for direct and indirect funduscopy was already proven to be an effective training method. In this prospective controlled trial, we investigated the effect of simulator-based fundus biomicroscopy training. METHODS: After completing a 1-week ophthalmology clerkship, medical students at Saarland University Medical Center (n = 30) were block-randomized into two groups: The traditional group received supervised training examining the fundus of classmates using a slit lamp; the simulator group was trained using the Slit Lamp Simulator...

Malocclusion can have a negative impact on children's quality of life. Patients with severe malocclusions tend to smile less and look for ways to improve their smile. The mentioned study was conducted in 400 patients aged 3 to 18 years, who applied to the dental clinic for orthodontic treatment regardless of age and gender. The aim of the study was the prevalence of occlusion, dental arches and dental anomalies, most often combined occlusion anomalies, functional disorders, carious and filled teeth and periodontal diseases in the examined patients...

Low back pain (LBP) presents a significant burden globally, affecting individuals of all ages, but it is more common in adults aged 30-60 years old and demographics including race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Physiotherapy interventions are commonly employed to manage LBP due to their non-invasive nature and potential for addressing underlying biomechanical dysfunctions. This comprehensive review aims to evaluate the efficacy of various physiotherapy strategies in alleviating LBP, considering a range of interventions and their associated outcomes...

The evolution of pathology from its rudimentary beginnings around 1700 BC to the present day has been marked by profound advancement in understanding and diagnosing diseases. This journey, from the earliest dissections to the modern era of histochemical analysis, sets the stage for the next transformative leap to the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in pathology. Recent research highlights AI's significant potential to revolutionize healthcare within the next decade, with a particular impact on diagnostic processes...