gas gangrene

Gas gangrene is a rare, severe gas-producing infection that can be related to colorectal cancer. Gas gangrene can be confirmed by radiologic findings and crepitation on touch. Spontaneous gas gangrene can be associated with colorectal cancer. An 80-year-old female complaint about a sudden abdominal pain, accompanied with progressive swelling pain in thigh and fever. Diagnosis based on assessment findings were gas gangrene and descending colonic cancer perforation. Emergency surgery was performed for debridement and drainage, followed by vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) with polyurethane (PU)...

Acute pancreatitis is a common condition, only occasionally leading to necrosis of the pancreas. In instances where abscess formation takes place, the predominant microbial profile involves both aerobic and anaerobic enteric species. We present the case of a patient with clostridial emphysematous pancreatitis who developed pneumoperitoneum without associated visceral perforation.

BACKGROUND: Intravenous drug users (IDUs) have a high risk of developing skin and soft tissue infections such as erysipelas, abscesses, and less frequently necrotizing fasciitis (NF) or gas gangrene. Rarely, the cause of the infection is microorganisms residing in the oral cavity and can lead to life-threatening infections. METHODS: We describe the case of a 43-year-old man intravenous drug user (IDU) who was admitted for intense leg pain following an injection of cocaine at that site...

INTRODUCTION: The incidence, treatment, and outcomes of necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) and associated racial disparities have been described in adults, but research in the pediatric population is limited. The purpose of this study is to provide a nationally representative characterization of pediatric NSTI and determine the presence of any racial disparities. METHODS: The National Inpatient Sample was analyzed from 2016 through 2020. Patients aged less than 20 y with a diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis, Fournier's gangrene, or gas gangrene (based on International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes) were included for analysis...

INTRODUCTION: There are inconsistencies in outcome reporting for patients with necrotising soft tissue infections (NSTI). The aim of this study was to evaluate reported outcome measures in NSTI literature that could inform a core outcome set (COS) such as could be used in a study of hyperbaric oxygen in this indication. METHODS: A systematic review of all NSTI literature identified from Cochrane, Ovid MEDLINE and Scopus databases as well as grey literature sources OpenGrey and the New York Academy of Medicine databases which met inclusion criteria and were published between 2010 and 2020 was performed...

Catheter-related suppurative thrombophlebitis (CRST) is a complication of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI). The microbiology of CRST is similar with the microbiology of CRBSI, but Clostridium perfringens that causes gas gangrene is a rare pathogen of CRBSI and CRST. We present a case of catheter-related gas-forming suppurative thrombophlebitis due to Clostridium perfringens infection. Gas-forming thrombus around the catheter can be useful findings for the early diagnosis of catheter-related clostridial thrombophlebitis...

Background: Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) are rare but deadly infections that require early and often extensive surgical debridement. After debridement, patients frequently have substantial morbidity because of large, open wounds. Hypothesis: Negative pressure wound therapy with instillation (NPWTi) results in higher wound closure rates compared with traditional negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) or wet to dry dressings (moist wound care dressing). Patients and Methods: A prospectively maintained Acute and Critical Care Surgery database spanning 2008-2018 was queried for patients with a diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis, Fournier gangrene, or gas gangrene...

Emphysematous cholecystitis is a potentially life-threatening variant of acute cholecystitis, characterized by the presence of gas in the gallbladder wall/lumen due to the proliferation of gas-producing bacteria. Symptoms include upper right quadrant pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Laboratory tests may show nonspecific indications of systemic infection, and radiological assessment, especially CT scanning, is crucial for diagnosis. This case underscores the significance of early diagnosis and intervention in managing emphysematous cholecystitis to prevent serious complications and reduce the higher mortality rate compared to acute cholecystitis...

INTRODUCTION: One of the most prevalent congenital wall abnormalities in children, umbilical hernias are often linked to premature or small-for-gestational-age babies. In cases of intestinal malrotation or if the cecum is very movable, generalized peritonitis may facilitate the imprisonment of these hernias. CASE REPORT: We described a case of a 4-month-old baby who had a prior reducible umbilical hernia with a history of fever, vomiting, poor appetite, and constipation for around 48 h...

Background: A notable improvement in the treatment of necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) is the development of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Clinicians are still debating whether NPWT is as successful as conventional wet-to-dry dressings at removing bacteria. Recent research has revealed potential oxygen deprivation effects of NPWT in underlying wound tissues, although clinical trials regarding the effects of reduced oxygen on anaerobic bacterial soft tissue infections remain noticeably lacking...

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), with an increasing incidence, pose a significant health burden. Although there have been significant advances in the treatment of IBD, more progress is still needed. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been shown to treat a host of conditions such as carbon monoxide poisoning, decompression sickness, and gas gangrene. In the last few years, there has been an increase in research into the use of HBOT as an adjunct to conventional treatment for IBD. Related research has shown that HBOT may exert its therapeutic effects by decreasing oxidative stress, inhibiting mucosal inflammation, promoting ulcer healing, influencing gut microbes, and reducing the incidence of IBD complications...

INTRODUCTION: Gas Gangrene following intramuscular injection is a rare but serious condition that can lead to morbidity and mortality. This case conveys a severe and fatal complication following intramuscular injections of diclofenac and vitamin B12 in a diabetic patient. CASE REPORT: The patient developed pain and swelling in the left buttock after the injection of vitamin B12 and Diclofenac one on each buttock which worsened over time. He was diagnosed with gas gangrene when he presented to the emergency department...

INTRODUCTION: We present a case of a 51-year-old gentleman admitted to the emergency department with a 2-day history of severe left forearm symptoms following a Gustillo-Anderson type II left both bone fracture sustained during a bicycle accident. Initially managed conservatively at an outside facility with an above-elbow backslab, his condition rapidly deteriorated, necessitating transfer to our institution. Adding complexity to his clinical presentation was his history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus...

Delayed wound healing is a major complication that diabetic patients suffer from due to high microbial infection susceptibility, high diabetic wound alkalinity, a low lymphangiogenesis rate, and a high inflammation rate, resulting in severe gangrene. Hence, this study aims to develop a multifunctional adhesive nanofibrous patch to promote the wound healing process. Phenytoin, sildenafil citrate, and/or nitric oxide-eluting nanoparticles were incorporated separately within the polylactic acid nanofibrous layer...

Bacteria of the genus Clostridium are anaerobic Gram-positive spore-forming bacilli that include more than 200 species. Some of them are known to cause invasive infections and diseases caused by the production of toxins. Some of the diseases that are mediated by toxins are colitis in patients with specific risk factors, such as previous administration of antimicrobials or foodborne botulism. Invasive diseases include bacteremia, infective endocarditis (IE), clostridial myonecrosis (gas gangrene), and other diseases that involve the destruction of soft tissue due to the local production of toxins...

Emphysematous gastritis (EG) is a rare and life-threatening condition characterized by gas-forming microorganisms causing gas to accumulate within the stomach wall. It has a high mortality rate and is associated with risk factors like gastroenteritis, alcohol use disorder, diabetes mellitus, renal failure, recent abdominal surgery, long-term corticosteroid use, and ingestion of corrosive agents. Diagnosis is challenging due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms, including severe abdominal pain, coffee-ground emesis, fever, and signs of systemic infection...

Early recognition and treatment of surgical site infection (SSI) may prevent devastating consequences of wound infections complicating caesarean delivery (CD). SSI complicates 3-15% of CDs; among the severe forms are necrotising fasciitis (NF) and clostridial gas gangrene, with the latter being the most rapidly spreading and fatal. The aim of this report is to improve early recognition of SSI complicating CD. An obese 32-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 1, with a previous uncomplicated vaginal delivery had a CD for fetal compromise in a district hospital...

Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is a bacterium that causes serious problems in humans and animals such as food poisoning, gas gangrene and infections. C. perfringens has three sialidases (NanH, NanI, NanJ) and inhibition of NanI constitutes an approach in the treatment of C. perfringens since NanI provides the carbohydrate source necessary for the growth of bacteria. In our study, the inhibition effect of some drugs belonging to different drug groups on NanI activity was investigated. Among these drugs, orlistat (0...

A man in his 60s presented to the emergency department with generalised abdominal pain and distention associated with the inability to pass stool or gas. The patient had undergone a laparoscopic partial right nephrectomy due to renal cell carcinoma a year ago. The workup diagnosis suggested an incarcerated incisional hernia. Surgical treatment was proposed. Intraoperatively, we found an ileocecal appendix with a macroscopically gangrenous appearance inside the hernia sac. An appendectomy was performed, and the hernia defect was closed using a tension repair...

Clostridium perfringens , a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, is well-known for its association with gas gangrene, a severe and rapidly progressing infection characterized by tissue gas production and necrosis. In this case report, we present the instance of a 64-year-old male with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus who developed a C. perfringens -related infection following a traumatic foot wound. The report emphasizes the critical significance of early diagnosis and aggressive treatment in C. perfringens infections, particularly in patients with underlying risk factors...