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JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Tat, Karen Heskett, Gerry R Boss
CONTEXT: Rotenone is a toxic chemical found in various plants, including some used as food. Rotenone poisoning can be fatal and there is no antidote. Mechanistically, rotenone inhibits mitochondrial complex I, leading to reduced ATP production, compensatory glycolytic upregulation and secondary lactate production, and oxidative stress. Our literature review examined acute rotenone poisoning in humans, including exposure scenarios, clinical presentations, and treatments. METHODS: We searched five databases for relevant literature from database inception through the search date: July 12, 2022, pairing controlled vocabulary and keywords for "rotenone" with terms relating to human exposures and outcomes, such as "ingestion," "exposure," and "poisoning...
April 15, 2024: Heliyon
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arya Rao, John Kim, Winston Lie, Michael Pang, Lanting Fuh, Keith J Dreyer, Marc D Succi
Polypharmacy remains an important challenge for patients with extensive medical complexity. Given the primary care shortage and the increasing aging population, effective polypharmacy management is crucial to manage the increasing burden of care. The capacity of large language model (LLM)-based artificial intelligence to aid in polypharmacy management has yet to be evaluated. Here, we evaluate ChatGPT's performance in polypharmacy management via its deprescribing decisions in standardized clinical vignettes...
April 18, 2024: Journal of Medical Systems
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Dong, Hao Huang, Aiping Wang
INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer stands as the most prevalent type of cancer affecting women globally, and chemotherapy plays a pivotal role in its treatment by diminishing tumour recurrence and enhancing the survival rates of patients. However, chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) often occurs in patients undergoing treatment. Although multiple clinical trials have indicated that exercise therapy can improve CRCI in patients with breast cancer, there are variations in the types of exercise interventions and their effectiveness...
April 17, 2024: BMJ Open
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chung Young Kim, Ahnul Ha, Sung Ryul Shim, In Hwan Hong, In Boem Chang, Young Kook Kim
IMPORTANCE: Suicide is a substantial public health concern that involves various recognized contributing factors. Sensory impairments, specifically visual impairment, are deemed potential risk factors. Nonetheless, comprehensive information about associated risk levels and underlying determinants remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between visual impairment and different aspects of suicide, including the assessment of risk levels and exploration of potential contributing factors...
April 1, 2024: JAMA Network Open
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elise Milosevich, Andrea Kusec, Sarah T Pendlebury, Nele Demeyere
PURPOSE: To identify which acute and 6-month domain-specific cognitive impairments impact mood, participation, and stroke-related quality of life 6 months post-stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort of 430 stroke survivors completed the Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS) acutely and 6 months post-stroke. Participants completed the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) and Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale (HADS) at 6 months. Multivariable regression analyses assessed whether severity of, and domain-specific, cognitive impairment acutely and at 6 months was associated with composite 6-month SIS scores, each SIS subscale, and HADS scores...
April 16, 2024: Disability and Rehabilitation
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REVIEW
Jamie Nicole LaBuzetta, Dale N Bongbong, Eric Mlodzinski, Richa Sheth, Aaron Trando, Nicholas Ibrahim, Brandon Yip, Atul Malhotra, Victor D Dinglas, Dale M Needham, Biren B Kamdar
Following intensive care unit hospitalization, survivors of acute neurological injury often experience debilitating short-term and long-term impairments. Although the physical/motor impairments experienced by survivors of acute neurological injury have been described extensively, fewer studies have examined cognitive, mental health, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and employment outcomes. This scoping review describes the publication landscape beyond physical and/or motor sequelae in neurocritical care survivors...
April 15, 2024: Neurocritical Care
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jana Klaus, Catherine J Stoodley, Dennis J L G Schutter
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition frequently associated with structural cerebellar abnormalities. Whether cerebellar grey matter volumes (GMV) are linked to verbal impairments remains controversial. Here, the association between cerebellar GMV and verbal abilities in ASD was examined across the lifespan. Lobular segmentation of the cerebellum was performed on structural MRI scans from the ABIDE I dataset in male individuals with ASD (N=144, age: 8.5-64.0 years) and neurotypical controls (N=188; age: 8...
April 9, 2024: Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
#8
REVIEW
Eid Abo Hamza, Richard Tindle, Simon Pawlak, Dalia Bedewy, Ahmed A Moustafa
In this article, we, for the first time, provide a comprehensive overview and unified framework of the impact of poverty and low socioeconomic status (SES) on the brain and behaviour. While there are many studies on the impact of low SES on the brain (including cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and even neurotransmitters) and behaviours (including educational attainment, language development, development of psychopathological disorders), prior studies did not integrate behavioural, educational, and neural findings in one framework...
April 15, 2024: Reviews in the Neurosciences
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cora E Mukerji, John S Wilson, Carol L Wilkinson, Manon A Krol, Charles A Nelson, Helen Tager-Flusberg
Previous research links resting frontal gamma power to key developmental outcomes in young neurotypical (NT) children and infants at risk for language impairment. However, it remains unclear whether gamma power is specifically associated with language or with more general cognitive abilities among young children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study evaluates differences in resting frontal gamma power between young autistic and NT children and tests whether gamma power is uniquely associated with individual differences in expressive language, receptive language and non-verbal cognitive abilities in autistic and NT children...
April 12, 2024: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isabel Siow, Kaavya Narasimhalu, Keng Siang Lee, Hong Kuang Tan, Simon Kang Seng Ting, Shahul Hameed, Hui Meng Chang, Deidre Anne De Silva, Christopher Li Hsian Chen, Eng King Tan
INTRODUCTION: Post stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication of ischemic stroke. PSCI can involve different depending on clinical and stroke related characteristics. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with impairments in specific cognitive domains. METHODS: The Vitamins to Prevent Stroke (VITATOPS) trial is a large, multinational randomised controlled trial. In this substudy, consecutive patients admitted for ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) at a tertiary hospital in Singapore were included...
April 9, 2024: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases: the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine Mulderry, Bianca N Jackson, Suzanne Carolyn Purdy
INTRODUCTION: There is a substantial discrepancy between international and local prevalence rates for speech, language and communication needs (SLCN) amongst children in New Zealand. Reports of communication impairment are likely to be underestimates. Prevalence data can describe population characteristics and inform the scope and nature of services to adequately meet demand. Parents and other caregivers are central to the early identification of children with communication needs but they may not recognise their child's needs or act on their concerns...
April 11, 2024: International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Freddy Green, Christopher du Plooy, Andrea M Rehman, Raymond T Nhapi, Marilyn T Lake, Whitney Barnett, Nadia Hoffman, Heather J Zar, Kirsten A Donald, Dan J Stein, Catherine J Wedderburn
INTRODUCTION: There are approximately 16 million children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected (CHEU) worldwide. Studies suggest that CHEU are at risk for developmental impairment in infancy, particularly in language domains. However, there is limited research examining neurocognitive function in CHEU older than 2 years, including important pre-school years. This study aimed to investigate associations between HIV exposure without infection and neurocognitive outcomes and to determine risk factors for neurodevelopment in CHEU at age 3-4 years...
2024: PloS One
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Health-related quality of life among adult patients with cancer in Uganda - a cross-sectional study.
Allen Naamala, Lars E Eriksson, Jackson Orem, Gorrette K Nalwadda, Zarina Nahar Kabir, Lena Wettergren
OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with poor health-related quality of life in adults with cancer in Uganda. METHODS: This cross-sectional study surveyed 385 adult patients (95% response rate) with various cancers at a specialised oncology facility in Uganda. Health-related quality of life was measured using the EORTC QLQ-C30 in the Luganda and English languages. Predetermined validated clinical thresholds were applied to the instrument in order to identify patients with poor health-related quality of life, that is, functional impairments or symptoms warranting concern...
December 31, 2024: Global Health Action
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengyu Tian, Yuzhu Ji, Runzhou Wang, Hong-Yan Bi
A growing body of evidence suggests that children with dyslexia in alphabetic languages exhibit visual-spatial attention deficits that can obstruct reading acquisition by impairing their phonological decoding skills. However, it remains an open question whether these visual-spatial attention deficits are present in children with dyslexia in non-alphabetic languages. Chinese, with its logographic writing system, offers a unique opportunity to explore this question. The presence of visual-spatial attention deficits in Chinese children with dyslexia remains insufficiently investigated...
April 9, 2024: Journal of Learning Disabilities
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Marvin Petersen, Mirthe Coenen, Charles DeCarli, Alberto De Luca, Ewoud van der Lelij, Frederik Barkhof, Thomas Benke, Christopher P L H Chen, Peter Dal-Bianco, Anna Dewenter, Marco Duering, Christian Enzinger, Michael Ewers, Lieza G Exalto, Evan F Fletcher, Nicolai Franzmeier, Saima Hilal, Edith Hofer, Huiberdina L Koek, Andrea B Maier, Pauline M Maillard, Cheryl R McCreary, Janne M Papma, Yolande A L Pijnenburg, Anna Rubinski, Reinhold Schmidt, Eric E Smith, Rebecca M E Steketee, Esther van den Berg, Wiesje M van der Flier, Vikram Venkatraghavan, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Meike W Vernooij, Frank J Wolters, Xu Xin, Andreas Horn, Kaustubh R Patil, Simon B Eickhoff, Götz Thomalla, J Matthijs Biesbroek, Geert Jan Biessels, Bastian Cheng
INTRODUCTION: White matter hyperintensities of presumed vascular origin (WMH) are associated with cognitive impairment and are a key imaging marker in evaluating cognitive health. However, WMH volume alone does not fully account for the extent of cognitive deficits and the mechanisms linking WMH to these deficits remain unclear. We propose that lesion network mapping (LNM), enabling the inference of brain networks disconnected by lesions, represents a promising technique for enhancing our understanding of the role of WMH in cognitive disorders...
March 28, 2024: medRxiv
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gianmaria Miolo, Davide Colavito, Lara Della Puppa, Giuseppe Corona
INTRODUCTION: SETBP1 gene variants that decrease or eliminate protein activity have been associated with phenotypes characterized by speech apraxia and intellectual disabilities. This condition, distinctly separated from Schinzel-Giedion syndrome, is referred to as autosomal dominant mental retardation 29 (ADR29). CASE PRESENTATION: In this report, we present the case of a 6-year-old male patient exhibiting fine and global motor skill impairments along with expressive language delay...
March 2024: Molecular Syndromology
#17
REVIEW
Gabriele Giannotta, Marta Ruggiero, Marta De Rinaldis, Antonio Trabacca
The cognitive functioning of individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is not well understood, prompting a call for more research to better grasp cognitive involvement in SMA. This study aims to explore recent findings regarding cognitive outcomes in SMA patients, including correlations between clinical features and cognitive abilities. The investigation seeks to identify commonly used measures for assessing cognitive function in this patient population. A scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology examined literature until December 2023...
April 6, 2024: Neurological Sciences
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Redahan, Brendan D Kelly
People with impaired decision-making capacity enjoy the same rights to access technology as people with full capacity. Our paper looks at realising this right in the specific contexts of artificial intelligence (AI) and mental capacity legislation. Ireland's Assisted Decision-Making (Capacity) Act, 2015 commenced in April 2023 and refers to 'assistive technology' within its 'communication' criterion for capacity. We explore the potential benefits and risks of AI in assisting communication under this legislation and seek to identify principles or lessons which might be applicable in other jurisdictions...
April 4, 2024: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yidan Liu, Binbin Xie, Qin Li, Shufang Xiao, Jiamin Li, Nagaendran Kandiah, Kok Pin Ng, Liumi Jiang, Xiaofeng Li
OBJECTIVES: Early detection of cognitive impairment is essential for timely intervention. Currently, most widely used cognitive screening tests are influenced by language and cultural differences; therefore, there is a need for the development of a language-neutral, visual-based cognitive assessment tool. The Visual Cognitive Assessment Test (VCAT), a 30-point test that assesses memory, executive function, visuospatial function, attention, and language, has demonstrated its utility in a multilingual population...
February 2024: Brain and Behavior
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carielle Joy Rio, Catherine Blumhorst, Catherine A Kwiat, Christopher M Nguyen, Alicia A Livinski, Leorey N Saligan
BACKGROUND: Patient self-reporting of health-specific information, including symptoms, allows healthcare providers to provide more timely, personalized, and patient-centered care to meet their needs. It is critical to acknowledge that symptom reporting draws from the individual's unique sociocultural background influencing how one perceives health and illness. This scoping review will explore whether racial groups with 4 chronic diseases (cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, cancers, and diabetes) differ in self-reporting of psychoneurophysical (PNP) symptoms...
April 4, 2024: Systematic Reviews
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