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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Davide Campagna, Konstantinos Farsalinos, Giorgio Costantino, Giuseppe Carpinteri, Pasquale Caponnetto, Francesca Cucuzza, Riccardo Polosa
BACKGROUND: In the last few years, several nicotine products have become available as alternatives to smoking tobacco. While laboratory and limited clinical studies suggest that these devices are less toxic compared to classic tobacco cigarettes, very little is known about their epidemiological impact. Visiting the emergency department (ED) often represents the first or even the only contact of patients with the health care system. Therefore, a study conducted at the ED to assess the impact of these products on health can be reliable and reflect a real-life setting...
April 24, 2024: JMIR Research Protocols
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Euibeom Shin, Yifan Yu, Robert R Bies, Murali Ramanathan
To assess ChatGPT 4.0 (ChatGPT) and Gemini Ultra 1.0 (Gemini) large language models on NONMEM coding tasks relevant to pharmacometrics and clinical pharmacology. ChatGPT and Gemini were assessed on tasks mimicking real-world applications of NONMEM. The tasks ranged from providing a curriculum for learning NONMEM, an overview of NONMEM code structure to generating code. Prompts in lay language to elicit NONMEM code for a linear pharmacokinetic (PK) model with oral administration and a more complex model with two parallel first-order absorption mechanisms were investigated...
April 24, 2024: Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ali S Al-Sarar, Yasser Abobakr, Ali A Alzabib, Amgad A Saleh
We report the first record of the occurrence of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar, 1823) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), an economically important pest of bananas (Musa spp.), from Fifa Mountains in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, we recorded the first observation of damage caused to bananas by C. sordidus in a banana farm in Jazan Province, southwestern Saudi Arabia, in March 2022. Molecular characterization using DNA sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene confirmed the morphological identification of C...
April 24, 2024: Neotropical Entomology
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne C Kroon, Martine van Selm
The current study shifts the focus of research on media's role in facilitating and inhibiting self-stereotyping among the members of stigmatized groups. More specifically, this study proposes and tests a conceptual model explaining (un)intentional effects of a real-world anti-ageism social media campaign among stereotyped targets: Older workers. Drawing on an experiment among older Dutch adults ( N = 649), we test the effects of two message strategies for reducing prejudice: the media-literacy and the counter stereotypical information strategy...
April 24, 2024: Research on Aging
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geteneh Teklie Alemu, Shawl Abebe Desta, Kassa Abera Tareke
This research was conducted on North Wollo, South Wollo, and Oromia special zones, in Ethiopia. The study aimed to analyze the temporal and spatial variability of meteorological and hydrological drought trends using the selected drought indices and to predict its future trend in the selected areas. To achieve these objectives, meteorological and hydrological data were collected from the Ethiopian Meteorology Institute and the Ministry of Water and Energy respectively. The historical and future drought condition was analyzed by using the standardized precipitation index (SPI), reconnaissance drought index (RDI), and streamflow drought index (SDI) from the drought indicator calculator (DrinC) software...
April 30, 2024: Heliyon
#6
REVIEW
Jae-Hyeong Park, Kye Hun Kim
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has led to a global health crisis with substantial mortality and morbidity. To combat the COVID-19 pandemic, various vaccines have been developed, but unexpected serious adverse events including vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia, carditis, and thromboembolic events have been reported and became a huddle for COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccine-related myocarditis (VRM) is a rare but significant adverse event associated primarily with mRNA vaccines...
April 1, 2024: Korean Circulation Journal
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huayong Chen, Mimi Xiao
BACKGROUND: Influenza-like illness (ILI) imposes a significant burden on patients, employers and society. However, there is no analysis and prediction at the hospital level in Chongqing. We aimed to characterize the seasonality of ILI, examine age heterogeneity in visits, and predict ILI peaks and assess whether they affect hospital operations. METHODS: The multiplicative decomposition model was employed to decompose the trend and seasonality of ILI, and the Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average with exogenous factors (SARIMAX) model was used for the trend and short-term prediction of ILI...
April 23, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gareth Iacobucci
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 23, 2024: BMJ: British Medical Journal
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fiona May, Shamila Ginige, Elise Firman, Yee Sum Li, Yudish Kumar Soonarane, Nicolas Smoll, Ian Hunter, Brielle Pery, Bonnie Macfarlane, Tracy Bladen, Terresa Allen, Trevor Green, Jacina Walker, Vicki Slinko, Mark Stickley, Gulam Khandaker, Satyamurthy Anuradha, Andre Wattiaux
OBJECTIVE: The 2022 Australian winter was the first time that COVID-19, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were circulating in the population together, after two winters of physical distancing, quarantine and borders closed to international travellers. We developed a novel surveillance system to estimate the incidence of COVID-19, influenza and RSV in three regions of Queensland, Australia. DESIGN: We implemented a longitudinal testing-based sentinel surveillance programme...
April 22, 2024: BMJ Open
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María F Grande-Ratti, María C Llamedo, Agustina B Pires, María V Giuffre, Brenda N Garrido, Agustina Saldarini, Pedro Touzas, Bernardo Martínez, Ignacio M Bluro
OBJECTIVE: Clinical practice guidelines suggest performing an electrocardiogram (EKG) in patients with chest pain within the first 10 minutes in the emergency department, warning about subdiagnosis in women. Possible differences based on sex were analyzed. METHOD: An observational and retrospective study in an Emergency Department, with adult patients admitted to the Chest Pain Unit in 2021. RESULTS: There were 1,469 patients, of whom 774 were men (52...
April 23, 2024: Archivos de Cardiología de México
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sushant Sharma Chaudhary, Andrew Toivonen, Gaurav Waratkar, Geoffrey Mo, Deep Chatterjee, Sarah Antier, Patrick Brockill, Michael W Coughlin, Reed Essick, Shaon Ghosh, Soichiro Morisaki, Pratyusava Baral, Amanda Baylor, Naresh Adhikari, Patrick Brady, Gareth Cabourn Davies, Tito Dal Canton, Marco Cavaglia, Jolien Creighton, Sunil Choudhary, Yu-Kuang Chu, Patrick Clearwater, Luke Davis, Thomas Dent, Marco Drago, Becca Ewing, Patrick Godwin, Weichangfeng Guo, Chad Hanna, Rachael Huxford, Ian Harry, Erik Katsavounidis, Manoj Kovalam, Alvin K Y Li, Ryan Magee, Ethan Marx, Duncan Meacher, Cody Messick, Xan Morice-Atkinson, Alexander Pace, Roberto De Pietri, Brandon Piotrzkowski, Soumen Roy, Surabhi Sachdev, Leo P Singer, Divya Singh, Marek Szczepanczyk, Daniel Tang, Max Trevor, Leo Tsukada, Verónica Villa-Ortega, Linqing Wen, Daniel Wysocki
Multimessenger searches for binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star-black hole (NSBH) mergers are currently one of the most exciting areas of astronomy. The search for joint electromagnetic and neutrino counterparts to gravitational wave (GW)s has resumed with ALIGO's, AdVirgo's and KAGRA's fourth observing run (O4). To support this effort, public semiautomated data products are sent in near real-time and include localization and source properties to guide complementary observations. In preparation for O4, we have conducted a study using a simulated population of compact binaries and a mock data challenge (MDC) in the form of a real-time replay to optimize and profile the software infrastructure and scientific deliverables...
April 30, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mulya Rahma Karyanti, Cuno S P M Uiterwaal, Sri Rezeki Hadinegoro, Indah Suci Widyahening, Siti Rizny F Saldi, J A P Hans Heesterbeek, Arno W Hoes, Patricia Bruijning-Verhagen
BACKGROUND: World Health Organization proposed 7 warning signs to identify the risk of severe dengue in 2009. This study aimed to evaluate the value of these warning signs in detecting severe dengue in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing data of children with clinical dengue infection obtained from medical records between January 2009 and December 2018 in Jakarta. Children with confirmed dengue were analyzed and stratified into 3 age groups: infants less than 1 year old, children 1-14 years and adolescents 15-18 years of age...
April 19, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam L Kelly, Diogo Coutinho, John M Radnor, Kate Burke, Donald Barrell, Daniel Jackson, Paolo R Brustio
Relative age effects (RAEs) within sports refer to the overrepresentation of athletes born earlier in the selection year and the underrepresentation of those born later in the selection year. Research examining RAEs in women's and girls' rugby union remains limited in comparison to the male literature, whilst the impacts of RAEs on the youth-senior transition are yet to be explored in a female sport context. As such, the purpose of this study was to examine RAEs during entry into the women's and girls' premiership and international rugby union pathways in England, as well as to compare them to their respective senior cohort ( n = 1367): (a) U18 England Rugby Centre of Excellence Player ( n = 325) vs...
March 29, 2024: Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anran Xie, Chen Li, Chih-Hong Chou, Tie Li, Chenyun Dai, Ning Lan
BACKGROUND: Advanced prosthetic hands may embed nanosensors and microelectronics in their cosmetic skin. Heat influx may cause damage to these delicate structures. Protecting the integrity of the prosthetic hand becomes critical and necessary to ensure sustainable function. This study aims to mimic the sensorimotor control strategy of the human hand in perceiving nociceptive stimuli and triggering self-protective mechanisms and to investigate how similar neuromorphic mechanisms implemented in prosthetic hand can allow amputees to both volitionally release a hot object upon a nociceptive warning and achieve reinforced release via a bionic withdrawal reflex...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rong Wu, Yangyang Jiang, Shunzhi Zhao, Min Chen, Shiqiang Shang, Xuedong Lang
In order to realize the intelligent monitoring of the high-precision positioning of the hole position and the real-time control of the verticality of the pile, an intelligent monitoring system was developed based on the combination positioning technology of BDS and UWB and the biaxial tilt sensor, and the numerical simulation and comparative analysis of the verticality of the pile were carried out by abaqus. The deviation of pile foundation in different directions and the deviation of pile body are controlled by the monitoring system, and abnormal warning is made when the deviation exceeds the permissible range...
April 22, 2024: Scientific Reports
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zarrmein Khan, Jeffrey R Harris, Luke Dearden, Michelle Strait, Katie Treend, Heidi Glesmann, Beatriz H Carlini
BACKGROUND: Tobacco use remains a leading cause of death in the U.S. Varenicline is a preferred medication for tobacco cessation, and a prior report in the literature showed its use fell dramatically after the voluntary recall of Chantix (name-brand varenicline) in July 2021. OBJECTIVES: Working with data on prescriptions for varenicline and nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT), we studied use from 2018 to 2023 to determine if varenicline use had recovered or if there had been a compensatory increase in NRT use...
April 20, 2024: Journal of the American Pharmacists Association: JAPhA
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennie David, Samantha R Paglinco
When the authors were 12 and 14 years old, their worlds shifted suddenly without warning or consent, and bifurcated our lives into "a before" and "an after." They were both diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found themselves in an "in between" space-young but not healthy, sick but not dying, treatments but not cures, intestines swollen and bleeding but appearing fine on the outside, in every sense the definition: an invisible illness. Their own chronic illness experiences helped to shape our pursuit of careers in healthcare, with one of them choosing pediatric IBD psychology (Jennie David) and the other choosing pediatric gastroenterology (Samantha R...
March 2024: Families, Systems & Health: the Journal of Collaborative Family Healthcare
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li-Li Wang, Cai-Qing Yang, Ying Wang, Xin-Hai Li, Fang-Hao Wan, Ai-Bing Zhang
Phthorimaea operculella is a major potato pest of global importance, early warning and detection of which are of significance. In this study, we analyzed the climate niche conservation of P. operculella during its invasion by comparing the overall climate niche from three dimensions, including the differences between native range (South America) and entire invaded region (excluding South America), the differences bwtween native range (South America) and five invaded continents (North America, Oceania, Asia, Africa, and Europe), as well as the differences between native region (South America) and an invaded region (China)...
March 18, 2024: Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao, the Journal of Applied Ecology
#19
REVIEW
Sandul Yasobant, K Shruti Lekha, Deepak Saxena
BACKGROUND: 61% of the infections around the world that have emerged to date are zoonotic. Evidence warns that the threat posed by zoonoses is on the rise, and the risk of a new pandemic is higher now than ever. Early identification of risk, populations at risk, and risk of transmission are essential steps towards a prevention, preparation and response to outbreaks. This review aims to look at the tools available for identifying and estimating risks and threats from one health perspective and finally propose a list of indicators which could assess the risk of transmission of disease at the humans, animals and the environment intersection...
2024: Risk Management and Healthcare Policy
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dale C Brunelle, Kate J Larson, Amy Bundy, James N Roemmich, Donald Warne, Nicole Redvers
Chokeberry, Aronia melanocarpa , is an indigenous fruit from North America used as food and to prevent chronic disease by Indigenous Peoples. The objective of this study was to test anti-inflammatory effects of anthocyanin on palmitic acid (PA)-induced IL-6 gene expression, IL-6 DNA methylation, and histone (H3) acetylation. Additionally, we examined effects of anthocyanins Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (C3Gal) and Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) on IL-6 gene expression. Human primary pre-adipocytes were treated with chokeberry juice extract (CBE), C3Gal or C3G in the presence or absence of PA or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)...
January 2024: Journal of Functional Foods
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