NICE

OBJECTIVE: The accuracy of various 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk calculators in Indians may not be the same as in other populations. Present study was conducted to compare the various calculators for CVD risk assessment and statin eligibility according to different guidelines. METHODS: Consecutive 1110 patients who presented after their first myocardial infarction were included. Their CVD risk was calculated using Framingham Risk score- Coronary heart disease (FRS-CHD), Framingham Risk Score- Cardiovascular Disease (FRS-CVD), QRISK2, Joint British Society risk calculator 3 (JBS3), American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and WHO risk charts, assuming that they had presented one day before cardiac event for risk assessment...

V-Phenylenic nanotubes and nanotori are most comprehensively studied nanostructures due to widespread applications in the production of catalytic, gas-sensing and corrosion-resistant materials. Representing chemical compounds with M-polynomial is a recent idea and it produces nice formulas of degree-based topological indices which correlate chemical properties of the material under investigation. These indices are used in the development of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) in which the biological activity and other properties of molecules like boiling point, stability, strain energy etc...

New ionic liquids with multiple Brönsted acid sites were synthesized in ≥98% yield, and their inhibiting properties for the corrosion of carbon steel in 0.5 M HCl solution had been evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization and weight loss method, finally the possible inhibiting mechanism was proposed according to UV-visible spectroscopic measurements and surface analysis including SEM and XPS techniques. The designed cation structure of Brönsted acid ionic liquids (BAILs), with one phenyl and two imidazolium rings, makes them good mixed-type inhibitors via the adsorption of BAILs on the steel surface to suppress both anodic and cathodic processes, obeying Langmuir adsorption isotherm...

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a surface-sensitive vibrational spectroscopy that allows Raman spectroscopy on a single molecular scale. Here, we present a review of SERS from molecular junctions, in which a single molecule or molecules are made to have contact from the top to the bottom of metal surfaces. The molecular junctions are nice platforms for SERS as well as transport measurement. Electronic characterization based on the transport measurements of molecular junctions has been extensively studied for the development of miniaturized electronic devices...

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional digestive tract disorders, e.g. functional bloating, carbohydrate maldigestion and intolerances, are very common disorders frequently causing significant symptoms that challenge health care systems. A low Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides and Polyols (FODMAP) diet is one of the possible therapeutic approaches for decreasing abdominal symptoms and improving quality of life. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to meta-analyze data on the therapeutic effect of a low-FODMAP diet on symptoms of IBS and quality of life and compare its effectiveness to a regular, standard IBS diet with high FODMAP content, using a common scoring system, the IBS Symptom Severity Score (IBS-SSS)...

This Editor's Corner may sound like the title of a mystery novel, but it actually reflects a question I have about the puncta articles that appear in Autophagy. In particular, I am surprised by the number of solicitations sent out for puncta that are either ignored, or, less frequently, declined. It is not that I expect the principal investigator (PI) to find the invitation to write a punctum undeniably attractive. Rather, it is the unilateral decision that it is not worthwhile for graduate students or postdocs who performed the work---and likely wrote at least the first draft of the paper---to write the punctum...

Introduction: Health technology assessment (HTA) in Poland supports reimbursement decisions via the Polish HTA Agency (AOTMiT), whose guidelines were updated in 2016. Methods: We identified key changes introduced by the update and, before guideline publication, analysed discrepancies between AOTMiT assessments and the submitting marketing authorisation holders (MAHs) to elucidate the context of the update. We compared the clarity and detail of the new guidelines versus those of the UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the cost-effectiveness (CE) of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2015 and the WHO 2013 diagnostic thresholds for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). SETTING: The analysis was from the perspective of the National Health Service in England and Wales. PARTICIPANTS: 6221 patients from four of the Hyperglycaemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study centres (two UK, two Australian), 6308 patients from the Atlantic Diabetes in Pregnancy study and 12 755 patients from UK clinical practice...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

In 2008, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) technology appraisal of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII, insulin pump therapy) for people with Type 1 diabetes was published [1]. Implementation of this enables children under the age of 12 years to access CSII, and consideration of CSII for adults and children over 12 years with challenging hypo- or hyperglycaemia. In Scotland, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) guidance for management of diabetes states that CSII therapy should be considered for people unable to achieve their glycaemic targets, for those who experience recurring episodes of severe hypoglycaemia, and in infants and very young children with very low basal insulin requirements, for whom even small doses of basal insulin analogue may result in hypoglycaemia [2]...

RATIONAL, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES: The Family Nurse Partnership (FNP) is a licensed intensive home visiting intervention developed in the United States. It has been provided in England by the Department of Health since 2006. The Building Blocks trial assessed the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of FNP in England. METHODS: We performed a cost-utility analysis (National Health Service (NHS) perspective) alongside the Building Blocks trial (over 2.5 y). The analysis was conducted in accordance with National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) reference case standards...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The challenges of delivering healthcare within budget constraints are ever present. Highly specialised technologies (HSTs) have high costs of provision inevitably contributing to NHS cost pressures. Between 2012-2015 the Welsh Health Specialised Services Committee (WHSSC) developed prioritisation methods to make recommendations for HST funding in Wales. Methods adapted as the process continued but was always evidence based and supported by a prioritisation panel of stakeholders. Methods changed from discreet choice to the Portsmouth Score Card, a simple multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) method...

This paper presents a random walk approach to the problem of querying informative constraints for clustering. The proposed method is based on the properties of the commute time, that is the expected time taken for a random walk to travel between two nodes and return, on the adjacency graph of data. Commute time has the nice property of that, the more short paths connect two given nodes in a graph, the more similar those nodes are. Since computing the commute time takes the Laplacian eigenspectrum into account, we use this property in a recursive fashion to query informative constraints for clustering...

The extracorporeal CO2 removal device (ECCO2RD) is used in clinics to treat patients suffering from respiratory failures like acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this device is to decarboxylate blood externally with low blood flow. A mathematical model is proposed to describe protective ventilation, ARDS, and an extracorporeal CO2 removal therapy (ECCO2RT). The simulations are compared with experimental data carried out on ten pigs. The results show a good agreement between the mathematical simulations and the experimental data, which provides a nice validation of the model...

The availability of a comprehensive tissue library is essential for elucidating the function and pathology of human brains. Considering the irreplaceable status of the formalin-fixation-paraffin-embedding (FFPE) preparation in routine pathology and the advantage of ultra-low temperature to preserve nucleic acids and proteins for multi-omics studies, these methods have become major modalities for the construction of brain tissue libraries. Nevertheless, the use of FFPE and snap-frozen samples is limited in high-resolution histological analyses because the preparation destroys tissue integrity and/or many important cellular markers...

PURPOSE: Few studies have described the epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN). The aim of this study was to genotype HPV on formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in VIN lesions. METHODS: A 5-year retrospective study was conducted by including all patients attending the teaching hospital of Nice with a diagnosis of VIN between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2014. For all patients, HPV genotyping was performed with the PapilloCheck(®) microarray kit, routinely used on cervical cytology samples, and optimized for formaldehyde fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in VIN...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The prevalence and characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have changed over time, reflecting the nutritional transition and changes in diagnostic criteria. We aimed to evaluate characteristics of women with GDM over a 20-year interval. DESIGN AND SETTING: Comparison of two pregnancy cohorts enrolled in different periods, in university hospitals in Porto Alegre, Brazil: 1991 to 1993 (n = 216); and 2009 to 2013 (n = 375). METHODS: We applied two diagnostic criteria to the cohorts: International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG)/World Health Organization (WHO); and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)...