keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33142118/effective-removal-of-odor-substances-using-intimately-coupled-photocatalysis-and-biodegradation-system-prepared-with-the-silane-coupling-agent-sca-enhanced-tio-2-coating-method
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shiyuan Fu, Xinyu Zhao, Zhou Zhou, Mengyan Li, Liang Zhu
Intimately coupled photocatalysis and biodegradation (ICPB) combining photocatalysis with microbial degradation is an attractive wastewater treatment technology. However, when prepared in conventional ways, the supported-photocatalysts aggregate frequently, detach easily from carriers, and prohibit the colonization of microorganisms inside the carriers. To overcome these challenges, silane coupling agent (SCA)-enhanced TiO2 coating method is developed in this study. The coupling agent γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560) greatly enhanced the adhesion between photocatalysts and the carrier through ether and Ti-O-Si linkages...
January 1, 2021: Water Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33142111/statistical-methods-for-dissecting-interactions-between-brain-areas
#22
REVIEW
João D Semedo, Evren Gokcen, Christian K Machens, Adam Kohn, Byron M Yu
The brain is composed of many functionally distinct areas. This organization supports distributed processing, and requires the coordination of signals across areas. Our understanding of how populations of neurons in different areas interact with each other is still in its infancy. As the availability of recordings from large populations of neurons across multiple brain areas increases, so does the need for statistical methods that are well suited for dissecting and interrogating these recordings. Here we review multivariate statistical methods that have been, or could be, applied to this class of recordings...
December 2020: Current Opinion in Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33142086/energetic-mechanisms-for-coping-with-changes-in-resource-availability
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sonya K Auer, Julia R Solowey, Shreyas Rajesh, Enrico L Rezende
Given current anthropogenic alterations to many ecosystems and communities, it is becoming increasingly important to consider whether and how organisms can cope with changing resources. Metabolic rate, because it represents the rate of energy expenditure, may play a key role in mediating the link between resource conditions and performance and thereby how well organisms can persist in the face of environmental change. Here, we focus on the role that energy metabolism plays in determining organismal responses to changes in food availability over both short-term ecological and longer-term evolutionary timescales...
November 2020: Biology Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33142083/the-utility-of-nuclear-magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy-in-assisted-reproduction
#24
REVIEW
Gitanjali Asampille, Aswathi Cheredath, David Joseph, Satish K Adiga, Hanudatta S Atreya
Infertility affects approximately 15-20% of individuals of reproductive age worldwide. Over the last 40 years, assisted reproductive technology (ART) has helped millions of childless couples. However, ART is limited by a low success rate and risk of multiple gestations. Devising methods for selecting the best gamete or embryo that increases the ART success rate and prevention of multiple gestation has become one of the key goals in ART today. Special emphasis has been placed on the development of non-invasive approaches, which do not require perturbing the embryonic cells, as the current morphology-based embryo selection approach has shortcomings in predicting the implantation potential of embryos...
November 2020: Open Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33142037/assessment-of-target-engagement-in-a-first-in-human-trial-with-sinbaglustat-an-iminosugar-to-treat-lysosomal-storage-disorders
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martine Gehin, Meggane Melchior, Richard W D Welford, Patricia N Sidharta, Jasper Dingemanse
In this first-in-human study the tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of single and multiple oral doses of sinbaglustat, a dual inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) and non-lysosomal glucosyl ceramidase (GBA2), were investigated in healthy subjects. The single- and multiple-ascending dose (SAD and MAD) studies were randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled. Single doses from 10 to 2000 mg in males and multiple doses from 30 to 1000 mg twice daily for 7 days in males and females were investigated...
November 3, 2020: Clinical and Translational Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33142025/the-impact-of-a-cascade-testing-video-on-recipients-knowledge-cognitive-message-processing-and-affective-reactions-a-formative-evaluation
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amber M Aeilts, Kristen M Carpenter, Shelly R Hovick, Lindsey Byrne, Abigail B Shoben, Leigha Senter
Cascade genetic testing is essential to clarify cancer risk in families with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) due to pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA1 or BRCA2. To date, data suggest that family communication of genetic testing results, with or without the aid of clinical resources such as a provider-written family letter, is impacted by multiple barriers. These barriers eventually lead to sub-optimal uptake of cascade genetic testing. We designed a 2-min animated video that a proband can share with relatives to notify them that the proband has tested positive for a pathogenic variant in BRCA1 or BRCA2...
November 3, 2020: Journal of Genetic Counseling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33142023/important-considerations-for-drugs-nutritional-and-herbal-supplements-in-pediatric-solid-organ-transplant-recipients
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicole A Pilch, Megan L Sell, William McGhee, Raman Venkataramanan
Pediatric transplant recipients are on multiple prescription and non-prescription drugs. Many patients also use dietary, nutritional, and herbal supplements. This manuscript researched formulations of immunosuppressive drugs currently available and presents information on generic immunosuppressive drugs, commonly used non-prescription medications, dietary supplements, and herbal supplements. Immunosuppressive drugs are available in various formulations. Not all formulations are interchangeable. A number of FDA-approved generic formulations are available commercially in the United States...
November 3, 2020: Pediatric Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33142014/atogepant-is-not-associated-with-clinically-meaningful-alanine-aminotransferase-elevations-in-healthy-adults
#28
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
K Chris Min, Walter K Kraft, Phung Bondiskey, Francheska Colón-González, Wen Liu, Jialin Xu, Deborah Panebianco, Lori Mixson, Marissa F Dockendorf, Catherine Z Matthews, Ramesh Boinpally
Atogepant is a potent, selective, oral calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist in development for migraine prevention. The chemical structure of atogepant is distinct from previous CGRP receptor antagonists, which were associated with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in clinical trials. Here, we report the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PKs) of a once-daily supratherapeutic dose (170 mg) of atogepant for 28 days from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase I trial in healthy participants...
March 2021: Clinical and Translational Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33142003/is-it-necessary-to-perform-eye-examination-for-patients-with-cutaneous-atypical-nevi
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isil Karaarslan, Ayse Yagcı, Ayda Acar, Arzu Sahin, Tugce Ozkapu, Melis Palamar, Fezal Ozdemir
Regular dermatological examination for patients with dysplastic nevi is indicated. However, the literature on whether those patients should also be examined by ophthalmologists or not regarding a relation between suspicious lesions for ocular melanoma and cutaneous dysplastic nevi is limited. In this study, we aimed to compare the findings of a single ophthalmologic examination between the group of patients with multiple atypical nevi with at least one histopathologically proven dysplastic nevus and another group without dysplastic nevi...
November 3, 2020: Dermatologic Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141987/anxiety-of-nurses-to-support-wuhan-in-fighting-against-covid-19-epidemic-and-its-correlation-with-work-stress-and-social-support
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanyuan Mo, Lan Deng, Liyan Zhang, Qiuyan Lang, He Pang, Chunyan Liao, Nannan Wang, Pinyue Tao, Huiqiao Huang
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the anxiety of nurses who are supporting Wuhan in fighting against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and explore relevant influencing factors. BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 outbreak pose a major threat to public health worldwide. Nurses play an important role in this epidemic. However, available data on the mental health among these nurses is limited. DESIGN: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was performed...
November 3, 2020: Journal of Clinical Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141952/tmprss2-erg-fusion-impacts-anterior-tumor-location-in-men-with-prostate-cancer
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kosj Yamoah, Priti Lal, Shivanshu Awasthi, Arash O Naghavi, Robert J Rounbehler, Travis Gerke, Anders E Berglund, Julio M Pow-Sang, Edward M Schaeffer, Jasreman Dhillon, Jong Y Park, Timothy R Rebbeck
BACKGROUND: In prostate cancer (PCa), lack of androgen receptor (AR) regulated TMPRSS2-ETS-related gene (ERG) gene fusion (ERGnegative ) status has been associated with African American race; however, the implications of ERG status for the location of dominant tumors within the prostate remains understudied. METHODS: An African American-enriched multiinstitutional cohort of 726 PCa patients consisting of both African American men (AAM; n = 254) and European American men (EAM; n = 472) was used in the analyses...
February 2021: Prostate
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141925/sphingolipid-enriched-domains-in-fungi
#32
REVIEW
Filipa C Santos, Joaquim T Marquês, Andreia Bento-Oliveira, Rodrigo F M de Almeida
Plasma membrane carries out multiple physiological functions that require its dynamic and tightly regulated organization into specialized domains of different size, stability, and lipid/protein composition. Sphingolipids are a group of lipids in which the plasma membrane is particularly enriched, thus being crucial for its structure and function. A specific type of sphingolipid-enriched plasma-membrane domains, where ergosterol is depleted and lipids are tightly packed in a rigid gel phase, has recently been found in several fungal species, including yeasts and moulds...
November 3, 2020: FEBS Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141924/intention-mutability-and-translation-of-rural-intention-into-actual-rural-medical-practice
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Denese Playford, Hanh Ngo, Ian Puddey
In the Australian context, medical school programmes that involve one, two or multiple years of immersion in rural practice before graduation are strongly associated with subsequent rural work. It has been argued that this is due to streaming medical students already interested in (intending) rural work into rural immersion and then on to rural practice.
November 3, 2020: Medical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141867/characteristics-and-outcomes-of-hospitalised-patients-with-acute-kidney-injury-and-covid-19
#34
MULTICENTER STUDY
Patrick Hamilton, Prasanna Hanumapura, Laveena Castelino, Robert Henney, Kathrine Parker, Mukesh Kumar, Michelle Murphy, Tamer Al-Sayed, Sarah Pinnington, Tim Felton, Rachael Challiner, Leonard Ebah
INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 has spread globally to now be considered a pandemic by the World Health Organisation. Initially patients appeared to have a respiratory limited disease but there are now increasing reports of multiple organ involvement including renal disease in association with COVID-19. We studied the development and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19, in a large multicultural city hospital trust in the UK, to better understand the role renal disease has in the disease process...
2020: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141861/a-feasibility-study-to-evaluate-early-treatment-response-of-brain-metastases-one-week-after-stereotactic-radiosurgery-using-perfusion-weighted-imaging
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiayi Huang, Mikhail Milchenko, Yuan J Rao, Pamela LaMontagne, Christopher Abraham, Clifford G Robinson, Yi Huang, Joshua S Shimony, Keith M Rich, Tammie Benzinger
BACKGROUND: To explore if early perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (PWI) may be a promising imaging biomarker to predict local recurrence (LR) of brain metastases after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). METHODS: This is a prospective pilot study of adult brain metastasis patients who were treated with SRS and imaged with PWI before and 1 week later. Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) parameter maps were calculated by normalizing to the mean value of the contralateral white matter on PWI...
2020: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141858/assessing-the-impact-of-institution-specific-guidelines-for-antimicrobials-on-doctors-prescribing-behavior-at-a-german-tertiary-care-center-and-the-additional-benefits-of-providing-a-mobile-application
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastian G Schönherr, Sebastian Wendt, Donald Ranft, Bettina Schock, Christoph Lübbert
OBJECTIVE: To assess usage patterns, perceived usability, and effects of institution-specific guidelines (ISGs) for antimicrobials on clinicians' prescribing behavior and the additional benefits of the mobile application (app), a single-center survey among medical doctors was performed. METHODS: The study was carried out in a 1451-bed tertiary-care academic medical center in Leipzig, Germany. To ensure optimal empirical antibiotic therapies, appropriate diagnostics, and targeted antimicrobial prophylaxis, ISGs were provided as printed pocket guides (since 2014), a PDF version on ward computers, and a mobile app (since 2017)...
2020: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141848/a-simulation-framework-for-bio-inspired-sonar-sensing-with-unmanned-aerial-vehicles
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Hassan Tanveer, Xiaowei Wu, Antony Thomas, Chen Ming, Rolf Müller, Pratap Tokekar, Hongxiao Zhu
We introduce a unified simulation framework that generates natural sensing environments and produces biosonar echoes under various sensing scenarios. This framework produces rich sensory data with environmental information completely known, thus can be used for the training of robotic algorithms for biosonar-based Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. The simulated environment consists of random trees with full geometry of the tree foliage. To simulate a single tree, we adopt the Lindenmayer system to generate the initial branching pattern and integrate that with the available measurements of the 3D computer-aided design object files to create natural-looking branches, sub-branches, and leaves...
2020: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141839/technical-advance-the-use-of-tree-shrews-as-a-model-of-pulmonary-fibrosis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer L Larson-Casey, Chao He, Pulin Che, Meimei Wang, Guoqiang Cai, Young-Il Kim, Mustapha El Hamdaoui, Rafael Grytz, Qiang Ding, A Brent Carter
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive disease with a high morbidity and mortality. Some of the mechanisms of fibrosis development have been described using rodent models; however, the relevance of findings in these animal models is difficult to assess. New innovative models are needed that closely mimic IPF disease pathology. METHODS: To overcome this unmet need of investigating IPF with a relevant model, we utilized tree shrews, which are genetically, anatomically, and metabolically similar to primates and humans...
2020: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141828/systematic-examination-of-a-heart-failure-risk-prediction-tool-the-pooled-cohort-equations-to-prevent-heart-failure
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aakash Bavishi, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Hongyan Ning, Thanh Huyen T Vu, Clyde W Yancy, Sanjiv J Shah, Mercedes Carnethon, Sadiya S Khan
Identification of individuals at risk for heart failure is needed to deliver targeted preventive strategies and maximize net benefit of interventions. To examine the clinical utility of the recently published heart failure-specific risk prediction model, the Pooled Cohort Equations to Prevent Heart Failure, we sought to demonstrate the range of risk values associated with diverse risk factor combinations in White and Black men and women. We varied individual risk factors while holding the other risk factors constant at age-adjusted national mean values for risk factors in each race-sex and age group...
2020: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33141812/efficacy-of-hyperthermia-in-treatment-of-recurrent-metastatic-breast-cancer-after-long-term-chemotherapy-a-report-of-2-cases
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hirozumi Sawai, Masaaki Kurimoto, Yuka Suzuki, Yoshimi Yamaguchi, Akemi Murata, Enami Suganuma, Kazuya Yamamoto, Hiromasa Kuzuya, Shuhei Ueno, Shuji Koide, Hajime Koide, Atsushi Kamiya
BACKGROUND Breast cancer has a long-term prognosis with various multimodality treatments. This report introduces the effectiveness of radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia in the long-term treatment for recurrent/metastatic breast cancer. CASE REPORT In the first case, the patient had bone and liver metastases during the course of chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiotherapy for 27 years after curative resection of breast cancer. Finally, she received RF hyperthermia alone for liver metastasis and showed a decrease in tumor markers and reduction in liver metastasis on computed tomography (CT)...
November 3, 2020: American Journal of Case Reports
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