keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483280/adsorption-characteristics-and-mechanical-responses-of-lubricants-containing-polymer-additives-under-fluid-lubrication-with-a-narrow-gap
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomoko Hirayama, Naoki Yamashita, Waka Yamamoto, Kenta Shirode, Akira Okada, Naoya Hatano, Toshiyuki Tsuchiya, Masako Yamada
The adsorption behavior of poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA)-based polymer additives and their mechanical response under fluid lubrication in narrow gaps were investigated by using neutron reflectometry, microchannel devices, and the narrow gap viscometer. The surface adsorption layer formed by the polymer additive in a stationary field that was investigated by neutron reflectometry was only about 3 nm thick. On the other hand, when the sample oil containing the polymer additive was flowed into the microchannel device with channels about 500 nm deep, the adsorption layer grew over a long period of time and eventually formed a layer that appeared to be more than 100 nm thick...
March 14, 2024: Langmuir: the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38400835/evaluation-of-skill-acquisition-characteristics-depending-on-the-size-of-a-dry-box
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masakazu Murakami, Nanako Nishida, Ayaka Nagano, Koshiro Sugita, Keisuke Yano, Toshio Harumatsu, Shun Onishi, Koji Yamada, Waka Yamada, Takafumi Kawano, Mitsuru Muto, Satoshi Ieiri
BACKGROUND: Few studies have analyzed the effect of the size of the working space in training on the acquisition of endoscopic skills. In this study, adult- and infant-sized dry boxes (DBs) were used to verify how the size of the working space in training affects forceps manipulation and learning curve. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-two medical students were enrolled. The task was peg transfer. The training environment was divided into adult- and infant-sized DBs...
February 24, 2024: Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies: MITAT
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38368424/reliability-stability-during-long-term-storage-and-intra-individual-variation-of-circulating-levels-of-osteopontin-osteoprotegerin-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-a-and-interleukin-17a
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomoki Nakamizo, John Cologne, Takeshi Kishi, Tetsuya Takahashi, Mayumi Inoue, Hiroyuki Ryukaku, Tomonori Hayashi, Yoichiro Kusunoki, Saeko Fujiwara, Waka Ohishi
BACKGROUND: Studies in many populations have reported associations between circulating cytokine levels and various physiological or pathological conditions. However, the reliability of cytokine measurements in population studies, which measure cytokines in multiple assays over a prolonged period, has not been adequately examined; nor has stability during sample storage or intra-individual variation been assessed. METHODS: We assessed (1) analytical reliability in short- and long-term repeated measurements; (2) stability and analytical reliability during long-term sample storage, and (3) variability within individuals over seasons, of four cytokines-osteopontin (OPN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and interleukin-17A (IL-17A)...
February 17, 2024: European Journal of Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38303303/-a-case-of-esophageal-carcinoma-with-tracheal-invasion-after-preoperative-treatment-with-docetaxel-cisplatin-and-5-fluorouracil-in-which-definitive-chemoradiotherapy-and-salvage-esophagectomy-prolonged-survival
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kenmo Sakakibara, Hiroshi Ichikawa, Yosuke Kano, Yusuke Muneoka, Kenji Usui, Kazuki Moro, Junko Tsuchida, Hirose Yuki, Kohei Miura, Yosuke Tajima, Mae Nakano, Kazuyasu Takizawa, Yoshifumi Shimada, Jun Sakata, Toshifumi Waka
A 57-year-old man was diagnosed as having resectable advanced esophageal carcinoma adjacent to the trachea(Ut, cT3N0M0)and received preoperative docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil therapy. Due to tracheal tumor invasion and upstaging to cT4bN0M0 after 1 course of chemotherapy, the treatment was converted to definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). A remarkable response with no evidence of tracheal invasion was observed on computed tomography following definitive CRT. He underwent successful curative resection with salvage esophagectomy, and the resected tumor was staged as pT1bN0M0...
December 2023: Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38287189/optineurin-provides-a-mitophagy-contact-site-for-tbk1-activation
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koji Yamano, Momoha Sawada, Reika Kikuchi, Kafu Nagataki, Waka Kojima, Ryu Endo, Hiroki Kinefuchi, Atsushi Sugihara, Tomoshige Fujino, Aiko Watanabe, Keiji Tanaka, Gosuke Hayashi, Hiroshi Murakami, Noriyuki Matsuda
Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a Ser/Thr kinase that is involved in many intracellular processes, such as innate immunity, cell cycle, and apoptosis. TBK1 is also important for phosphorylating the autophagy adaptors that mediate the selective autophagic removal of damaged mitochondria. However, the mechanism by which PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy activates TBK1 remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the autophagy adaptor optineurin (OPTN) provides a unique platform for TBK1 activation. Both the OPTN-ubiquitin and the OPTN-pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) interaction axes facilitate assembly of the OPTN-TBK1 complex at a contact sites between damaged mitochondria and the autophagosome formation sites...
January 29, 2024: EMBO Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38219031/effectiveness-of-triton-irrigation-solution-in-smear-layer-removal-an-in-vitro-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huda Wakas Oraim, Iman Mohammed Al-Zaka
OBJECTIVE: This in vitro study aimed to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of different irrigation solutions, including Triton, 0.5% Chitosan nanoparticles (CNP), and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), on the smear layer removal of the root canal walls. METHODS: Forty extracted sound mandibular premolars were examined; the samples were decoronated to obtain a root length of 14 mm. Each sample was instrumented using ProTaper Next rotary file X4 (40/0...
January 12, 2024: European Endodontic Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38172222/unfavorable-switching-of-skewed-x-chromosome-inactivation-leads-to-menkes-disease-in-a-female-infant
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayumi Matsumoto, Shintaro Kano, Natsumi Kobayashi, Mitsuru Matsuki, Rieko Furukawa, Hirokazu Yamagishi, Hiroki Yoshinari, Waka Nakata, Hiroko Wakabayashi, Hidetoshi Tsuda, Kazuhisa Watanabe, Hironori Takahashi, Takanori Yamagata, Takayoshi Matsumura, Hitoshi Osaka, Harushi Mori, Sadahiko Iwamoto
Menkes disease is an X-linked disorder of copper metabolism caused by mutations in the ATP7A gene, and female carriers are usually asymptomatic. We describe a 7-month-old female patient with severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, and low levels of serum copper and ceruloplasmin. While heterozygous deletion of exons 16 and 17 of the ATP7A gene was detected in the proband, her mother, and her grandmother, only the proband suffered from Menkes disease clinically. Intriguingly, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) analysis demonstrated that the grandmother and the mother showed skewing of XCI toward the allele with the ATP7A deletion and that the proband had extremely skewed XCI toward the normal allele, resulting in exclusive expression of the pathogenic ATP7A mRNA transcripts...
January 3, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38171777/identification-of-azalamellarin-n-as-a-pyroptosis-inhibitor
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jun Takouda, Moeka Nakamura, Akane Murasaki, Waka Shimosako, Aoi Hidaka, Shino Honda, Susumu Tanimura, Fumito Ishibashi, Norihiko Kawasaki, Jun Ishihara, Tsutomu Fukuda, Kohsuke Takeda
Pyroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that promotes inflammation; it attracts much attention because its dysregulation leads to various inflammatory diseases. To help explore the precise mechanisms by which pyroptosis is regulated, in this study, we searched for chemical compounds that inhibit pyroptosis. From our original compound library, we identified azalamellarin N (AZL-N), a hexacyclic pyrrole alkaloid, as an inhibitor of pyroptosis induced by R837 (also called imiquimod), which is an agonist of the intracellular multiprotein complex nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome...
2024: Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38156789/mitochondrial-lipid-dynamics-regulated-by-mitol-mediated-ubiquitination
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koji Yamano, Hiroki Kinefuchi, Waka Kojima
Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites in mammals provide platforms for various reactions such as calcium signaling, lipid metabolism, organelle dynamics and autophagy. To fulfill these tasks, a number of proteins assemble at the contact sites including MITOL/MARCHF5, a critical mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase. How MITOL regulates mitochondrial function from the contact site, however, has been largely unresolved. Recently, a new role for MITOL in the active transport of phosphatidic acid from the ER to mitochondria was reported...
December 29, 2023: Journal of Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38151917/short-term-recovery-of-insulin-secretion-in-response-to-a-meal-is-associated-with-future-glycemic-control-in-type%C3%A2-2-diabetes-patients
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asako Enkaku, Daisuke Chujo, Miki Kamigishi, Shinya Inagawa, Shinnosuke Matsukoshi, Waka Sakai, Akiko Takikawa, Shiho Fujisaka, Kazuyuki Tobe
AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Endogenous insulin secretion could be recovered by improving hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the association between short-term recovery of insulin secretion during hospitalization and clinical background or future glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 127 patients with type 2 diabetes were included. The recovery of endogenous insulin secretion was determined using the following indices: index A: fasting C-peptide index (CPI) at discharge - fasting CPI on admission; index B: postprandial CPI at discharge - postprandial CPI on admission; and index C: Δ C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) (postprandial CPR - fasting CPR) at discharge - ΔCPR on admission...
December 27, 2023: Journal of Diabetes Investigation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38145920/notable-clinical-differences-between-neonatal-and-post-neonatal-intestinal-malrotation-a-multicenter-review-in-southern-japan
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chihiro Kedoin, Mitsuru Muto, Ayaka Nagano, Mayu Matsui, Koshiro Sugita, Tokuro Baba, Kina Miyoshi, Ryuta Masuya, Masakazu Murakami, Keisuke Yano, Shun Onishi, Toshio Harumatsu, Waka Yamada, Koji Yamada, Makoto Matsukubo, Takafumi Kawano, Masaaki Kuda, Kazuhiko Nakame, Motofumi Torikai, Satoshi Ieiri
BACKGROUND: Most cases of intestinal malrotation appear in neonates with bilious vomiting due to midgut volvulus, whereas in cases that develop beyond infancy, the initial symptoms vary. This study investigated the clinical features of these two populations and identified issues that should be considered in daily practice. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022. Data on patients with intestinal malrotation were collected in an anonymized fashion from five pediatric surgical hub facilities in the Southern Kyushu and Okinawa areas of Japan...
December 2, 2023: Journal of Pediatric Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38102729/mitochondrial-quality-control-via-organelle-and-protein-degradation
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koji Yamano, Hiroki Kinefuchi, Waka Kojima
Mitochondria are essential eukaryotic organelles that produce ATP as well as synthesize various macromolecules. They also participate in signaling pathways such as the innate immune response and apoptosis. These diverse functions are performed by >1000 different mitochondrial proteins. Although mitochondria are continuously exposed to potentially damaging conditions such as reactive oxygen species, proteases/peptidases localized in different mitochondrial sub-compartments, termed mitoproteases, maintain mitochondrial quality and integrity...
December 15, 2023: Journal of Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38102336/advancing-global-health-equity-the-role-of-the-liberal-arts-in-health-professional-education
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abebe Bekele, Denis Regnier, Tomlin Paul, Tsion Yohannes Waka, Elizabeth H Bradley
Much innovation has taken place in the development of medical schools and licensure exam processes across the African continent. Still, little attention has been paid to education that enables the multidisciplinary, critical thinking needed to understand and help shape the larger social systems in which health care is delivered. Although more than half of medical schools in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States offer at least one medical humanities course, this is less common in Africa. We report on the "liberal arts approach" to medical curricula undertaken by the University of Global Health Equity beginning in 2019...
December 16, 2023: Journal of Medical Humanities
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38051537/a-versatile-method-to-profile-hepatitis-b-virus-dna-integration
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kento Fukano, Kousho Wakae, Naganori Nao, Masumichi Saito, Akihito Tsubota, Takae Toyoshima, Hideki Aizaki, Hiroko Iijima, Takahiro Matsudaira, Moto Kimura, Koichi Watashi, Wataru Sugiura, Masamichi Muramatsu
BACKGROUND: HBV DNA integration into the host genome is frequently found in HBV-associated HCC tissues and is associated with hepatocarcinogenesis. Multiple detection methods, including hybrid capture-sequencing, have identified integration sites and provided clinical implications; however, each has advantages and disadvantages concerning sensitivity, cost, and throughput. Therefore, methods that can comprehensively and cost-effectively detect integration sites with high sensitivity are required...
December 1, 2023: Hepatology Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37994478/usefulness-of-heart-type-fatty-acid-binding-protein-measurement-in-postmortem-urine-specimens
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Waka Hisamura, Shojiro Takasu, Kimiharu Iwadate
Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (HFABP) is a 15-kDa substance reported to pass through the renal tubules and be renally excreted. Therefore, it is possible that its concentration in the urine collected postmortem may reflect antemortem blood levels. We measured the postmortem urine concentration of HFABP in 94 forensic autopsy cases and compared it between acute myocardial infarction (AMI), sepsis, heat stroke cases, and asphyxia cases as control cases to examine its diagnostic validity. Kidney tissue collected at autopsy was immunostained with antibodies against HFABP to evaluate the correlation with the urinary measurements...
November 17, 2023: American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37989111/naive-cd4-t-cells-highly-expressing-the-inflammatory-chemokine-receptor-cxcr3-increase-with-age-and-radiation-exposure-in-atomic-bomb-survivors
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kengo Yoshida, Munechika Misumi, Mika Yamaoka, Seishi Kyoizumi, Waka Ohishi, Hiromi Sugiyama, Tomonori Hayashi, Yoichiro Kusunoki
The numbers of naive T cells that react to novel pathogens not yet encountered by an immune system, decrease during aging, mainly due to age-associated involution of the thymus. CD45RA+ naive CD4 T cells consist of heterogeneous populations, including highly CXCR3-expressing cells that appear during the homeostatic proliferation of naive T cells and exhibit enhanced type-1 inflammatory phenotypes. Based on previous evidence of radiation-associated reductions in thymic function and peripheral blood naive CD4 T cells, we hypothesized that the homeostatic proliferation of naive CD4 T cells compensates for deficits in peripheral T-cell populations after radiation injury, which may increase the proportion of CXCR3high cells in naive CD4 T cells and enhance inflammation...
November 21, 2023: Radiation Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37880538/lenvatinib-activates-anti-tumor-immunity-by-suppressing-immunoinhibitory-infiltrates-in-the-tumor-microenvironment-of-advanced-hepatocellular-carcinoma
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masami Yamauchi, Atsushi Ono, Kei Amioka, Yasutoshi Fujii, Hikaru Nakahara, Yuji Teraoka, Shinsuke Uchikawa, Hatsue Fujino, Takashi Nakahara, Eisuke Murakami, Wataru Okamoto, Daiki Miki, Tomokazu Kawaoka, Masataka Tsuge, Michio Imamura, C Nelson Hayes, Waka Ohishi, Takeshi Kishi, Mizuki Kimura, Natsumi Suzuki, Koji Arihiro, Hiroshi Aikata, Kazuaki Chayama, Shiro Oka
BACKGROUND: Lenvatinib, a multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, might exert antitumor effects via tumor immune modulation. However, changes in the tumor immune microenvironment induced by lenvatinib are poorly understood. We investigated the effect of lenvatinib on immune features in clinical samples from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who received lenvatinib monotherapy as first-line treatment were enrolled...
October 25, 2023: Commun Med (Lond)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37866897/n-acylhomoserine-lactone-degrading-activity-of-trichoderma-species-and-its-application-in-the-inhibition-of-bacterial-quorum-sensing
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomohiro Morohoshi, Waka Arai, Nobutaka Someya
Many gram-negative pathogens can activate virulence factors under the control of N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated quorum sensing. AHL-degrading enzymes have been investigated for their application in disease control. Trichoderma is a genus of fungi inhabiting various types of soil and are widely used as biocontrol agents for plant pathogens. When the AHL-degrading activity of 33 strains belonging to Trichoderma species was investigated, most strains can degrade AHL. AHL lactonase catalyzes AHL ring opening by hydrolyzing lactone...
2023: J Microorg Control
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37850226/choroid-plexus-hyperplasia-report-of-two-cases-with-unique-radiologic-findings
#19
Joo Whan Kim, Waka Hisamura, Seung-Ki Kim, Ji Hoon Phi
Choroid plexus hyperplasia (CPH), also known as diffuse villous hyperplasia of choroid plexus, is a rare condition characterized by excessive production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), resulting in hydrocephalus. Diagnosing CPH can be challenging due to the absence of clear imaging criteria for choroid plexus hypertrophy and the inability to assess CSF production non-invasively. As a result, many CPH patients are initially treated with a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt, but subsequently require additional surgical intervention due to intractable ascites...
October 18, 2023: Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37805122/staphylococcus-aureus-derived-virulent-phenol-soluble-modulin-%C3%AE-triggers-alarmin-release-to-drive-il-36-dependent-corneal-inflammation
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isana Nakajima, Ken Fukuda, Waka Ishida, Tatsuma Kishimoto, Aozora Kuwana, Takashi Suzuki, Chikara Kaito, Kenji Yamashiro
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from patients with keratitis produces substantial amounts of phenol-soluble modulin α (PSMα). However, the role of PSMα in S. aureus keratitis remains unclear. We observed that PSMα-producing and PSMα-deficient strains could infect the cornea in our experimental mouse keratitis model; however, only the PSMα-producing strain induced delayed epithelial wound healing and stromal inflammation. PSMα induced damage to the epithelium, the release of alarmins IL-1α and IL-36α, and the expression of inflammatory chemokines by resident corneal cells in the mouse corneal organ culture...
October 5, 2023: Microbes and Infection
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