Folic acid

The secondary outbreak of cyanobacteria after algicide treatment has been a serious problem to water ecosystems. Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is an algaecide widely used in practice, but similar re-bloom problems are inevitably encountered. Our work found that Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) temporarily hibernates after H2 O2 treatment, but there is still a risk of secondary outbreaks. Interestingly, the dormant period was as long as 20 and 28 days in 5 mg L-1 and 20 mg L-1 H2 O2 treatment groups, respectively, but the photosynthetic activity was both restored much earlier (within 14 days)...

BACKGROUND: Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have received much attention over the past decade. In the present study, we synthesized Methyl Urolithin A-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles decorated with the folic acid-linked chitosan layer called MuSCF-NPs and investigated their effects on cancer cells. METHODS: MuSCF-NPs were prepared using a high-pressure homogenization method and characterized using FTIR, FESEM, DLS, and zeta potential methods. Drug encapsulation was assessed by spectrophotometry and its cytotoxic effect on various cancer cells (MDA-MB231, MCF-7, PANC, AGS, and HepG2) by the MTT method...

Sensitive detection of small molecules with biological and environmental interests is important for many applications, such as food safety, disease diagnosis, and environmental monitoring. Herein, we propose a highly selective antibody-bridged DNAzyme walker to sensitively detect small molecules. The antibody-bridged DNAzyme walker consists of a track, small-molecule-labeled DNAzyme walking strand, and antibody against small molecules. The track is built by co-modifying fluorophore-labeled substrates and small-molecule-labeled DNA linkers onto a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)...

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Localized scleroderma is a connective tissue disorder that causes excessive collagen deposition and skin fibrosis. It can be subdivided into morphea and linear scleroderma. En coup de sabre (ECDS) is a rare variant of linear scleroderma typically found among children. It is usually treated with methotrexate and corticotherapy in addition to folic acid supplements. To date, few cases of ECDS have been reported with oral involvement. This case report discusses a seven-year-old girl with linear scleroderma ECDS who was referred to the dental clinic to evaluate muscular hypotrophy on the floor of the mouth...

OBJECTIVES: Little study has reported the association of maternal weight gain in early pregnancy with fetal congenital heart disease (CHD). We aimed to explore the potential relationship based on a China birth cohort while adjusting by multiple factors. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: China birth cohort study conducted from 2017 to 2021. PARTICIPANTS: The study finally included 114 672 singleton pregnancies in the 6-14 weeks of gestation, without missing data or outliers, loss to follow-up or abnormal conditions other than CHD...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of homocysteine (HCY) metabolism and related factors on early spontaneous abortion. METHODS: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study and included a total of 500 cases and 1,000 controls in Shaanxi China. Pregnant women waiting for delivery in the hospital were interviewed to report their characteristics and other relevant information during pregnancy. The unconditional Logisitic regression model was applied to assess the association between early spontaneous abortion and HCY metabolism and related factors...

This case report discusses the intricate diagnostic and therapeutic challenges faced by a 23-year-old Indian male who presented with altered consciousness, a holo-cranial headache, right-sided hemiparesis, and subsequent neurological symptoms. The patient's dietary habits, leading to vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies resulting in hyperhomocysteinemia, along with binge alcohol drinking leading to dehydration, were identified as the main causes of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in this case. The case was complicated by an additional cerebral hemorrhage...

INTRODUCTION: Neural tube defects (NTDs) represent a spectrum of heterogeneous birth anomalies characterized by the incomplete closure of the neural tube. In Jordan, NTDs are estimated to occur in approximately one out of every 1000 live births. Timely identification of NTDs during the 18-22 weeks of gestation period offers parents various management options, including intrauterine NTD repair and termination of pregnancy (TOP). This study aims to assess and compare parental knowledge and perceptions of these management modalities between parents of affected children and those with healthy offspring...

BACKGROUND: Toxic heavy metal exposure and insufficiency or excess of essential heavy metals may have negative effects on pregnant women's health and fetal growth. To date, the predictors of pregnant women's heavy metal exposure levels remain unclear and vary with different regions. The study intended to explore potential predictors of exposure to heavy metals individually and high co-exposure to heavy metal mixtures. METHODS: We recruited 298 pregnant women in first trimester from prenatal clinics in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, and collected spot urine samples and questionnaire data on their demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, consumption of food and dietary supplement, and residential environment...

BACKGROUND: Folic acid, a water-soluble B-complex vitamin, plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and maintenance, making it particularly significant during reproduction. Its well-known ability to reduce the risk of congenital anomalies during the periconceptional period underscores its importance. The increased requirement for folate during pregnancy and lactation is essential to support the physiological changes of the mother and ensure optimal growth and development of the foetus and offspring...

PURPOSE: The study aims to demonstrate the effects of Vitamin D (VD) supplementation, prior to oocyte pick-up within IVF protocols, in women with diverse VD status at the enrollment. METHODS: A total of 204 women eligible for intra-cytoplasmatic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were included in the study and two homogeneous groups were selected from the database. Both group of patients with normal VD baseline level (> 40 ng/ml) and patients with low VD baseline level (< 20 ng/ml) were divided into control group and treatment group...

In severe acute malnutrition, micronutrient deficiency as well as protein energy malnutrition is a major obstacle to growth & development. Iron deficiency dominates the spectrum of nutritional anemia. After taking informed consent, 211 SAM children and 211 age-and sex-matched healthy children with normal nutritional status were enrolled for the study. MUAC was used to diagnose SAM. A 5-part automated hematoanalyzer was used to measure the complete blood count and red cell indices, and the peripheral smear method to determine the red cell morphology...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: The incidence of congenital abdominal wall defects is increasing, but few cases have been reported in the African population. CASE PRESENTATION: The authors report a case of gastroschisis in a term neonate who was delivered through spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) in a remote health facility before transfer to a tertiary hospital in Uganda. Although there was no environmental exposure to teratogens, the major risk factor of Gastroschisis, the neonate was low birth weight, HIV-exposed, and the mother had not received folic acid supplementation during the first trimester, known risk factors of gastroschisis...

OBJECTIVE: Mirvetuximab soravtansine (MIRV), a new antibody-drug conjugate, versus the investigator's choice of chemotherapy (IC) was the first treatment to demonstrate benefits for progression-free and overall survival in platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer (PROC) with high folate receptor-alpha (high-FRα) expression. Efficacy, safety, and economic effectiveness make MIRV the new standard of care for these patients. METHODS: Based on patients and clinical parameters from MIRASOL (GOG 3045/ENGOT-ov55) phase III randomized controlled trials, the Markov model with a 20-year time horizon was established to evaluate the cost and efficacy of MIRV and IC for PROC with high-FRα expression, considering the bevacizumab-pretreated situation from the American healthcare system...

Folic acid (FA) is easily photodegraded to yield 6-formylpterin and pterin-6-carboxylic acid, which can generate reactive oxygen species and result in the formation of oxidized guanine derivatives such as 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-hydroxy-guanosine. In this study, we developed a simple, rapid, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry strategy for the simultaneous determination of FA photolysis products and oxidized guanine derivatives in plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters HSS T3 column (2...

A critical event in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis is the transition of macrophages into myofibroblasts (MMT). Exosomes play an important role in crosstalk among cells in the kidney and the development of renal fibrosis. However, the role of myofibroblast-derived exosomes in the process of MMT and renal fibrosis progression remains unknown. Here, we examined the role of myofibroblast-derived exosomes in MMT and kidney fibrogenesis. In vitro , transforming growth factor-β1 stimulated the differentiation of kidney fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and promoted exosome release from myofibroblasts...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine associations of maternal folic acid supplementation (FAS) during pregnancy with childhood overweight or obesity (OWO) or adiposity. METHODS: In a population-based cohort of 1479 children, maternal FAS during pregnancy was assessed retrospectively by questionnaires. BMI and body fat percentages were measured at a mean age of 6.4 years. Pertinent factors were accounted for in data analyses. RESULTS: Maternal FAS during pregnancy was negatively associated with OWO (adjusted odds ratio: 0...

Diosgenin as a potential phytoconstituent and steroidal saponin manifested significant anticancer agents against various cancers. To enhance its solubility and bioavailability in cancer treatment, we loaded diosgenin (PubChem CID: 99474) in poly(lactic-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticle coated with folic acid-chitosan (Da-PFC-NPs). The diosgenin nano-formulation was characterized and its antioxidant and anticancer properties were surveyed respectively. The obtained results illustrated that the Da-PFC-NPs were spherical and stable with a size of 218 nm and a polydispersity index of 0...

Conventional Au nanomaterial synthesis typically necessitates the involvement of extensive surfactants and reducing agents, leading to a certain amount of chemical waste and biological toxicity. In this study, we innovatively employed ultra-small graphene oxide as a reducing agent and surfactant for the in situ generation of small Au nanoparticles under ultraviolet irradiation (UV) at ambient conditions. After ultra-small GO-Au seeds were successfully synthesized, we fabricated small star-like Au nanoparticles on the surface of GO, in which GO effectively prevented Austar from aggregation...