TNF alfa

Bacground: Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular obligate protozoan parasite that infects most warm-blooded animals including humans. It can cause congenital infection with clinical symptoms ranging from mild to severe including microcephaly. At the cellular level, infection T. gondii causes apoptosis in some tissues and it is induced by proinflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-γ and TNF-α. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ) to apoptosis skull of newborn from T...

OBJECTIVES: The most important treatment strategy for obstructive nephropathy is to protect renal tissue from the deleterious effects of fibrosis. Therefore, we sought to investigate the renoprotective effects of darbepoetin alfa on unilateral ureteral obstructions. METHODS: We used 12 female and 12 male 3-monthold Wistar rats weighing between 250 and 350 g. The rats were divided equally into sham, darbepoetin and control groups. With the exception of the sham group, left unilateral obstructions were applied to all of the rats...

Crohn's disease (CD) is an immune-mediated condition characterized by inflammation of the gut tissue, associated with progressive damage of the affected intestinal tract and possible complications. A treat-to-target approach is strongly advocated, consisting of early and aggressive inflammatory control. However, a great proportion of affected subjects lack response or are intolerant to conventional therapy. Even though the first-line biologic therapy targeting tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α) is associated with improvement of inflammation in some patients, others do not respond at first or lose response over time...

Association of childhood psoriasis with metabolic syndrome has not been studied well. TNF-alfa contributes to the inflammation seen in metabolic syndrome, and recently etanercept has shown to reduce the levels of inflammatory markers. Assessment of prevalence of metabolic syndrome in juvenile psoriasis patients in Kuwait. We included 236 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis below 18 years treated for at least 24 weeks with TNF inhibitors (Group A), and equal number of age and sex matched cases treated with conventional medications (Group B)...

BACKGROUND: The phenomena involved in regression of arterial myointimal hyperplasia have not been analyzed in detail. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 24 Lewis rats, a 1-cm-long venous graft, obtained from syngenic Lewis rats, was implanted in the infrarenal aorta. After 4 wk, the grafts were removed and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and histochemistry. The grafts showed evidence of myointimal hyperplasia; 16 of these explanted grafts were reimplanted in the vein circulation of syngenic Lewis rats...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of Ginkgo Biloba in early treatment of noise induced hearing loss on expression of IL-6, IL-1 Beta, TNF-alfa, HSP-70, HSF-1 and COX-2 in the rat cochlea. METHODS: Thirty two female rats were randomly divided into four groups (Acoustic Trauma, Ginkgo Biloba, Acoustic Trauma+Ginkgo Biloba, Non Treatment). Auditory brainstem response (ABR) was applied in all the groups. At the end of the study, IL-1Beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, HSP-70, HSF-1 and COX-2 were studied in cochlear tissue with ELISA and Western blot analysis...

BACKGROUND: The biliary complications (BC) have been always considered the "Achilles' heel" of liver transplantation (LT), being one of the leading causes of postoperative morbidity. AIM: To analyse predictors of BC, by monitoring in the peripheral blood the biomarkers involved in the inflammation and hepatic fibrosis, such as the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP 2, 9) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP1), the interleukins (IL 2, 8), alfa-TNF, the endothelins and their receptors...

Despite the progress in the last years on the field of vasculitides, there are several unmet needs regarding classification, disease activity assessment, predictors of flares and complications, and type of treatment for the different forms. The 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria currently used to define giant cell arteritis and Takayasu arteritis were designed to discriminate between different types of vasculitides but not to differentiate vasculitis from other disorders. Recently, efforts have been made to overcome the shortcomings of the ACR criteria...

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a neurological disease, which, in addition to high mortality, imposes many financial and mental burdens on families and the society. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cannabidiol (CBD) on one of the major inflammatory pathways in cerebral ischaemia. METHOD: Using stereotaxic surgery, the cannula was implanted into the right lateral ventricle of rats. CBD (50, 100, and 200 ng/rat; i.c.v.) was administrated for five consecutive days...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are immune mediated conditions associated with progressive damage of the inflamed gut tissue, and have a considerable impact on the patient's quality of life. The pathogenesis remains uncertain, but it is clear that complex mechanisms associated with host and luminal factors are involved, generating an unbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling. It is well established that the purpose of an adequate and complete control of the intestinal inflammation measured not only by clinical symptoms, but also with more objective data such as fecal biomarkers (calprotectin) and endoscopy...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to correlate flow dynamics and the release of inflammatory cytokines Interleukin 1, 2, 6, TNF (Tumour Necrosis Factor) alfa, both in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Endothelial cells were exposed to laminar flow (6dyne/cm(2)) in an in vitro circulatory system and the release of Interleukin 1, 2, 6 and TNF alfa was quantified by ELISA. Interleukin 1, 2, 6 and TNF alfa release was also assessed in vein grafts implanted in the arterial circulation of Lewis rats...

Present study, was an effort to scrutinize the molecular and biochemical role of ibuprofen and thiamine combination in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC in Wistar rats. Single intraperitoneal injection of DEN (200 mg/kg) was used for induction of HCC in rats. The rats were divided into eight various groups. DEN induced rats were treated with pure ibuprofen (40 mg/kg) and thiamine in combination for the period of 12th weeks. The protocol was terminated after the 16th week. Exposure of DEN up-regulated the levels of different serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzyme level, Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP) and reduced the level of High density lipoprotein (HDL) in Wistar rats along with the alteration in pro-inflammatory cytokines viz...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in cytokines levels in the peripheral blood of kayakers at different moments of training. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 12 elite kayakers preparing for the Beijing Olympic Games. Blood samples were collected at different time points of the training season: baseline (t0 - November) after six week of off-training and before the start of the training season; t1 (January) at week 11 after a period of high-volume training; t2 (April) at week 26 at the end of a period of high intensity training sessions; t3 (June) at week 31 after a competitive period...

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BACKGROUND: Moderate to severe psoriasis often requires treatment with systemic agents, many of which have immunosuppressive properties and could increase cancer risk, including nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). OBJECTIVE: We sought to estimate the overall malignancy rate (excluding NMSC) and NMSC rate among 5889 patients with systemically treated psoriasis. METHODS: We identified a cohort of adult Kaiser Permanente Northern California health plan members with psoriasis diagnosed from 1998 to 2011 and treated with at least 1 systemic antipsoriatic agent and categorized them into ever-biologic or nonbiologic users...

The biologics currently in use for psoriasis in India are etanercept, infliximab and recently introduced itolizumab and secukinumab. Biosimilars, expected to play a significant role in psoriasis management in future, have also been available for the last few years. Patients with psoriasis may be considered eligible to receive treatment with any of the licensed biologic interventions when they fulfill the eligibility criteria. The decision to proceed with treatment must be made in collaboration with the patient and include a careful assessment of the associated risks and benefits...

BACKGROUND: Elevated blood endotoxin levels are frequently reported in the dialysis population and are strongly linked with inflammation, a major predictor of mortality. Virtually all studies have employed the Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay to detect endotoxin. However this assay is not endotoxin-specific and can be activated by (1→3)-β-glucan (BG), a component of fungal cell walls leading to false positive signals. Very few studies have taken account of this. We examined the influence of BG-based activation of the LAL assay on the detection of endotoxemia in this setting...

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of polysaccharide peptides (PsP) of Ganoderma lucidum as anti inflammation, anti oxidant, anti diabetic and anti lipid in stable angina pectoris patients. DESIGN AND METHOD: This is a quasi clinical trial experimental study on 34 Stable Angina patients in Saiful Anwar General Hospital was determined based on ESC Stable CAD guidelines, with pre-test and post-test design without control. Parameter measured were TNF alfa, IL-6, MDA, SOD, HbA1c, Fasting glucose and Total cholesterol...

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of polysaccharide peptides (PsP) of Ganoderma lucidum as anti inflammation, anti oxidant, anti diabetic and anti lipid in stable angina pectoris patients. DESIGN AND METHOD: This is a quasi clinical trial experimental study on 34 Stable Angina patients in Saiful Anwar General Hospital was determined based on ESC Stable CAD guidelines, with pre-test and post-test design without control. Parameter measured were TNF alfa, IL-6, MDA, SOD, HbA1c, Fasting glucose and Total cholesterol...

Several viral diseases are associated with altered microRNA (miRNA) expression, which can provide vital information about how cellular pathways respond to infection. However, the miRNA profile of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHFV) infections are not known. To address this gap, we performed real-time PCR-based miRNA analysis in individuals with acute Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHFV) infections, with the goal of identifying pathways that might be associated with this disease. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analysed in eight individuals with detectable viral RNA and compared to five healthy subjects...