locally advanced lung cancer surgery

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinomas are the most common form of kidney cancer in adults. In addition to metastasizing in lungs, soft tissues, bones, and the liver, it also spreads locally. In 2-10% of patients, it causes a thrombus in the renal or inferior vena cava vein; in 1% of patients thrombus reaches the right atrium. Surgery is the only curative option, particularly for locally advanced disease. Despite the advancements in laparoscopic, robotic and endovascular techniques, for this group of patients, open surgery continues to be among the best options...

BACKGROUND: Surgical removal of the tumour is the gold standard treatment for early stage invasive breast cancer. However, with a global ageing population, a larger number of diagnoses are occurring in women with comorbidities that render them unsuitable for surgery. Hence, it is of interest to explore alternative treatment strategies for this group of women. SUMMARY: Our narrative review aims to explore two such techniques, cryoablation and external beam radiotherapy, providing a brief summary of the evidence behind each technique...

Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who undergo neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy may achieve pathological complete response (pCR). The incidence of recurrence is low among patients with pCR, there is still a lack of consensus on postoperative treatment and follow-up strategy. This review summarizes the recurrence patterns of patients with pCR, including distant metastasis rate, characteristics of distant metastasis time and location, local recurrence rate, and local recurrence time. The aim is to provide reference for the postoperative treatment and follow-up strategy of patients with pCR...

BACKGROUND: Novel neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy treatments are being investigated for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but real-world outcomes for neoadjuvant treatments are poorly understood. This study examined neoadjuvant treatment patterns, real-world event-free survival (rwEFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with resected, stage II-III NSCLC in the United States (US). METHODS: This retrospective study identified patients in the SEER-Medicare database (2007-2019) with newly diagnosed stage II, IIIA, and IIIB (N2) NSCLC (AJCC 8th edition) treated with neoadjuvant chemo/chemoradiotherapy and resection (index date: neoadjuvant therapy initiation)...

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has gone from an idea to an indication in locally advanced lung cancer. Several phase III trials have demonstrated the superiority of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy compared to chemotherapy in this setting. Although such progress has revolutionized the treatment of locally advanced disease, the unmet needs of stage I and stage II patients without lymph node disease have largely been under-represented in existing trials. Up-front surgery with few patients going on to complete adjuvant therapy remains the norm for most stage I-II patients...

BACKGROUND: In patients with resectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), induction chemoimmunotherapy followed by surgical resection has shown unprecedented rates of pathological response and event-free survival. However, a triple-induction including radiochemotherapy and immunotherapy followed by surgical resection has not been routinely established in clinical practice. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 47-year-old patient with stage IIIA NSCLC who was treated in a combined concept including induction concurrent radiochemotherapy, followed by 4 cycles of pembrolizumab and subsequent intrapericardial left-sided pneumonectomy...

Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal disease with a 5-year survival rate of around 11-12%. Surgery, being the treatment of choice, is only possible in 20% of symptomatic patients. The main reason is that when it becomes symptomatic, IT IS the tumor is usually locally advanced and/or has metastasized to distant organs; thus, early diagnosis is infrequent. The lack of specific early symptoms is an important cause of late diagnosis. Unfortunately, diagnostic tumor markers become positive at a late stage, and there is a lack of early-stage markers...

BACKGROUND: International guidelines recommend the use of local therapy (LT) to limited progression in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the use of LT before disease progression has not been extensively analyzed. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of administering additional LT in conjunction with first-line EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) before disease progression in patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC...

In around 30% of patients, non-small cell lung cancer is diagnosed at an advanced but resectable stage. Adding systemic therapy has shown clear benefit over surgery alone in locally advanced disease, and currently, chemo-immunotherapy in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting is the new standard for patients without targetable mutations. One major advantage of the neoadjuvant approach is the possibility of an immediate evaluation of the treatment effect, highlighting the role of pathology as an important contributor at the forefront of clinical decision-making and research...

BACKGROUND: The moderate deep inspiratory breath hold (mDIBH) is a modality famed for cardiac sparing. Prospective studies based on this are few from the eastern part of the world and India. We intend to compare the dosimetry between mDIBH and free-breathing (FB) plans. METHODS: Thirty-two locally advanced left breast cancer patients were taken up for the study. All patients received a dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions to the chest wall/intact breast, followed by a 10-Gy boost to the lumpectomy cavity in the case of breast conservation surgery...

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UNLABELLED: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the lacrimal gland is the most common malignant epithelial tumor of the lacrimal gland. The biological behavior of these tumors is characterized by a slow growth with frequent nerve invasion but rare invasion of the neck nodes. Local extension intracranially with bone erosions is seen in locally advanced tumors. Distant metastasis to lungs bone and liver are commonly reported. Treatments using surgery and radiotherapy are generally preferred for adequate tumor control...

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of colorectal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (CAED). Methods: Eight cases of CAED diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China from January 2017 to August 2023 were collected. The histopathological, immunohistochemical, molecular and prognostic features of 8 CAED cases were analyzed. The relevant studies were also reviewed. Results: Among the eight patients, there were six males and two females, with an average age of 58 years (range: 29-77 years, median age: 61...

BACKGROUND: Bone tumors account for approximately 6% of all cancers in children. Malignant bone tumors, commonly occurring in children and adolescents, are associated with high mortality and morbidity. The overall survival of children with primary malignant bone tumors is affected by the stage of disease, time of diagnosis, and treatment response. Despite advanced treatment modalities with chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, bone tumor is the third leading cause of death in children with malignancy...

INTRODUCTION: Recent advances in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC have led to changes in the standard of care for this disease. For the selection of the best approach strategy for each patient, it is necessary the homogenization of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, as well as the promotion of the evaluation of patients by a multidisciplinary oncology team. OBJECTIVE: Development of an expert consensus document with suggestions for the approach and treatment of locally advanced NSCLC leaded by Spanish Lung Cancer Group GECP...

BACKGROUND: There are no large-scale datasets that analyze the relationship between postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) and various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the incidences of CVDs with PORT using a national population-based database. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with NSCLC who underwent curative surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy were included from 2007 to 2017...

PURPOSE: We evaluated the surgical outcomes of salvage extended surgery after definitive medical treatment with an immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for locally advanced or unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: The subjects of this single-center retrospective analysis were 14 patients who underwent salvage surgery after ICI treatment between May, 2017 and April, 2023 at our institute. We reviewed the comprehensive surgical outcomes, including operative procedures, intraoperative findings, and postoperative morbidities...

BACKGROUND: The morbidity and mortality of lung cancer have always ranked first among malignant tumors (MTs). Previous studies have shown that neoadjuvant chemotherapy can improve the 5-year survival rate of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the benefit is limited. Studies have proven that neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has unique advantages in prolonging patient survival, reducing distant recurrence, and inducing antitumor immunity. However, its impact remains to be more comprehensively investigated...

PURPOSE: Advances in primary lung cancer drug therapy have extended patients' survival, including patients with stage IV disease. This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of salvage surgery following tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) or immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in primary lung cancer. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 2050 primary lung cancer surgeries performed at our institution between 2012 and 2022. The study included patients who underwent salvage surgery for unresectable lesions that became resectable or localized residual lesions after treatment...

Immunotherapy provides durable responses for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma clinical therapy in numerous patients. However, the mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy have not been elucidated. The phenomenon of the histological transformation of non-small cell lung cancer to small cell lung cancer resulting in resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been reported. It remains unclear whether ICIs or chemotherapy could cause a similar transformation from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma (ENEC)...