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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marco KleinHeerenbrink, Lydia A France, Caroline H Brighton, Graham K Taylor
Perching at speed is among the most demanding flight behaviours that birds perform1,2 and is beyond the capability of most autonomous vehicles. Smaller birds may touch down by hovering3-8 , but larger birds typically swoop up to perch1,2 -presumably because the adverse scaling of their power margin prohibits hovering9 and because swooping upwards transfers kinetic to potential energy before collision1,2,10 . Perching demands precise control of velocity and pose11-14 , particularly in larger birds for which scale effects make collisions especially hazardous6,15 ...
June 29, 2022: Nature
#22
REVIEW
Lois Gardner, Kostas Kostarelos, Parag Mallick, Caroline Dive, Marilena Hadjidemetriou
Over the past decade, the development of 'simple' blood tests that enable cancer screening, diagnosis or monitoring and facilitate the design of personalized therapies without the need for invasive tumour biopsy sampling has been a core ambition in cancer research. Data emerging from ongoing biomarker development efforts indicate that multiple markers, used individually or as part of a multimodal panel, are required to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of assays for early stage cancer detection. The discovery of cancer-associated molecular alterations that are reflected in blood at multiple dimensions (genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome) and integration of the resultant multi-omics data have the potential to uncover novel biomarkers as well as to further elucidate the underlying molecular pathways...
August 2022: Nature Reviews. Clinical Oncology
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebecca J Lee, Oskar Wysocki, Cong Zhou, Rohan Shotton, Ann Tivey, Louise Lever, Joshua Woodcock, Laurence Albiges, Angelos Angelakas, Dirk Arnold, Theingi Aung, Kathryn Banfill, Mark Baxter, Fabrice Barlesi, Arnaud Bayle, Benjamin Besse, Talvinder Bhogal, Hayley Boyce, Fiona Britton, Antonio Calles, Luis Castelo-Branco, Ellen Copson, Adina E Croitoru, Sourbha S Dani, Elena Dickens, Leonie Eastlake, Paul Fitzpatrick, Stephanie Foulon, Henrik Frederiksen, Hannah Frost, Sarju Ganatra, Spyridon Gennatas, Andreas Glenthøj, Fabio Gomes, Donna M Graham, Christina Hague, Kevin Harrington, Michelle Harrison, Laura Horsley, Richard Hoskins, Prerana Huddar, Zoe Hudson, Lasse H Jakobsen, Nalinie Joharatnam-Hogan, Sam Khan, Umair T Khan, Khurum Khan, Christophe Massard, Alec Maynard, Hayley McKenzie, Olivier Michielin, Anne C Mosenthal, Berta Obispo, Rushin Patel, George Pentheroudakis, Solange Peters, Kimberly Rieger-Christ, Timothy Robinson, Jacobo Rogado, Emanuela Romano, Michael Rowe, Marina Sekacheva, Roseleen Sheehan, Julie Stevenson, Alexander Stockdale, Anne Thomas, Lance Turtle, David Viñal, Jamie Weaver, Sophie Williams, Caroline Wilson, Carlo Palmieri, Donal Landers, Timothy Cooksley, Caroline Dive, André Freitas, Anne C Armstrong
PURPOSE: Patients with cancer are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease, but have heterogeneous presentations and outcomes. Decision-making tools for hospital admission, severity prediction, and increased monitoring for early intervention are critical. We sought to identify features of COVID-19 disease in patients with cancer predicting severe disease and build a decision support online tool, COVID-19 Risk in Oncology Evaluation Tool (CORONET). METHODS: Patients with active cancer (stage I-IV) and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 disease presenting to hospitals worldwide were included...
May 2022: JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Ting Shue, Alexandros P Drainas, Nancy Yanzhe Li, Sarah M Pearsall, Derrick Morgan, Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong, Susan Q Hipkins, Garry L Coles, Jing Shan Lim, Anthony E Oro, Kathryn L Simpson, Caroline Dive, Julien Sage
The Notch pathway is a conserved cell-cell communication pathway that controls cell fate decisions. Here we sought to determine how Notch pathway activation inhibits the neuroendocrine cell fate in the lungs, an archetypal process for cell fate decisions orchestrated by Notch signaling that has remained poorly understood at the molecular level. Using intratumoral heterogeneity in small-cell lung cancer as a tractable model system, we uncovered a role for the transcriptional regulators REST and YAP as promoters of the neuroendocrine to non-neuroendocrine transition...
May 16, 2022: Nature Communications
#25
REVIEW
Melissa Frizziero, Elaine Kilgour, Kathryn L Simpson, Dominic G Rothwell, David A Moore, Kristopher K Frese, Melanie Galvin, Angela Lamarca, Richard A Hubner, Juan W Valle, Mairéad G McNamara, Caroline Dive
Poorly-Differentiated NeuroEndocrine Carcinomas (PD-NECs) are rare cancers garnering interest as they become more commonly encountered in clinic. This is due to improved diagnostic methods and the increasingly observed phenomenon of 'NE lineage plasticity', whereby non-NeuroEndocrine (non-NE) epithelial cancers transition to aggressive NE phenotypes after targeted treatment. Effective treatment options for patients with PD-NEC is challenging for several reasons. This includes a lack of targetable, recurrent molecular drivers, a paucity of patient-relevant preclinical models to study biology and test novel therapeutics, and the absence of validated biomarkers to guide clinical management...
January 28, 2022: Clinical Cancer Research
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andi K Cani, Emily M Dolce, Elizabeth P Darga, Kevin Hu, Chia-Jen Liu, Jackie Pierce, Kieran Bradbury, Elaine Kilgour, Kimberly Aung, Gaia Schiavon, Danielle Carroll, T Hedley Carr, Teresa Klinowska, Justin Lindemann, Gayle Marshall, Vicky Rowlands, Elizabeth A Harrington, J Carl Barrett, Nitharsan Sathiyayogan, Christopher Morrow, Valeria Sero, Anne C Armstrong, Richard Baird, Erika Hamilton, Seock-Ah Im, Komal Jhaveri, Manish R Patel, Caroline Dive, Scott A Tomlins, Aaron M Udager, Daniel F Hayes, Costanza Paoletti
Nearly all estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (POS) metastatic breast cancers become refractory to endocrine (ET) and other therapies, leading to lethal disease presumably due to evolving genomic alterations. Timely monitoring of the molecular events associated with response/progression by serial tissue biopsies is logistically difficult. Use of liquid biopsies, including circulating tumor cells (CTC) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), might provide highly informative, yet easily obtainable, evidence for better precision oncology care...
May 2022: Molecular Oncology
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maximilian W Schenk, Sam Humphrey, A S Md Mukarram Hossain, Mitchell Revill, Sarah Pearsall, Alice Lallo, Stewart Brown, Samuel Bratt, Melanie Galvin, Tine Descamps, Cong Zhou, Simon P Pearce, Lynsey Priest, Michelle Greenhalgh, Anshuman Chaturvedi, Alastair Kerr, Fiona Blackhall, Caroline Dive, Kristopher K Frese
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a 5-year survival rate of <7%. Rapid emergence of acquired resistance to standard platinum-etoposide chemotherapy is common and improved therapies are required for this recalcitrant tumour. We exploit six paired pre-treatment and post-chemotherapy circulating tumour cell patient-derived explant (CDX) models from donors with extensive stage SCLC to investigate changes at disease progression after chemotherapy. Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) is recurrently upregulated in post-chemotherapy progression CDX models, which correlates with acquired chemoresistance...
November 17, 2021: Nature Communications
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aishwarya Payapilly, Ryan Guilbert, Tine Descamps, Gavin White, Peter Magee, Cong Zhou, Alastair Kerr, Kathryn L Simpson, Fiona Blackhall, Caroline Dive, Angeliki Malliri
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), an aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy, has limited treatment options beyond platinum-based chemotherapy, whereafter acquired resistance is rapid and common. By analyzing expression data from SCLC tumors, patient-derived models, and established cell lines, we show that the expression of TIAM1, an activator of the small GTPase RAC1, is associated with a neuroendocrine gene program. TIAM1 depletion or RAC1 inhibition reduces viability and tumorigenicity of SCLC cells by increasing apoptosis associated with conversion of BCL2 from its pro-survival to pro-apoptotic function via BH3 domain exposure...
November 9, 2021: Cell Reports
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lilah Glazer, Caroline H Brennan
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a ubiquitous pollutant shown to cause developmental neurotoxicity, even at low levels. However, there is still a large gap in our understanding of the mechanisms linking early-life exposure to life-long behavioural impairments. Our aim was to characterise the short- and long-term effects of developmental exposure to low doses of MeHg on anxiety-related behaviours in zebrafish, and to test the involvement of neurological pathways related to stress-response. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to sub-acute doses of MeHg (0, 5, 10, 15, 30 nM) throughout embryo-development, and tested for anxiety-related behaviours and locomotor activity at larval (light/dark locomotor activity) and adult (novel tank and tap assays) life-stages...
October 11, 2021: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Frank Pernett, Felix Schagatay, Caroline Vildevi, Erika Schagatay
The spleen contracts progressively during moderate normobaric hypoxia exposure of 20 min, which elevates hemoglobin concentration (Hb). However, acute hypoxia exposure could be shorter and more severe when oxygen systems fail during, e.g., high-altitude sky diving, aircraft cabin pressure drop, balloon flights, extreme altitude climbing, and in some maladies. We aimed to evaluate the speed and magnitude of spleen contraction during short exposure to extreme eupneic hypoxia and its subsequent recovery on oxygen...
2021: Frontiers in Physiology
#31
REVIEW
Christian Rolfo, Philip Mack, Giorgio V Scagliotti, Charu Aggarwal, Maria E Arcila, Fabrice Barlesi, Trever Bivona, Maximilian Diehn, Caroline Dive, Rafal Dziadziuszko, Natasha Leighl, Umberto Malapelle, Tony Mok, Nir Peled, Luis E Raez, Lecia Sequist, Lynette Sholl, Charles Swanton, Chris Abbosh, Daniel Tan, Heather Wakelee, Ignacio Wistuba, Rebecca Bunn, Janet Freeman-Daily, Murry Wynes, Chandra Belani, Tetsuya Mitsudomi, David Gandara
Although precision medicine has had a mixed impact on the clinical management of patients with advanced-stage cancer overall, for NSCLC, and more specifically for lung adenocarcinoma, the advances have been dramatic, largely owing to the genomic complexity and growing number of druggable oncogene drivers. Furthermore, although tumor tissue is historically the "accepted standard" biospecimen for these molecular analyses, there are considerable innate limitations. Thus, liquid biopsy represents a practical alternative source for investigating tumor-derived somatic alterations...
October 2021: Journal of Thoracic Oncology
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caroline H Brighton, Lillias Zusi, Kathryn A McGowan, Morgan Kinniry, Laura N Kloepper, Graham K Taylor
Aggregation can reduce an individual's predation risk, by decreasing predator hunting efficiency or displacing predation onto others. Here, we explore how the behaviors of predator and prey influence catch success and predation risk in Swainson's hawks Buteo swainsoni attacking swarming Brazilian free-tailed bats Tadarida brasiliensis on emergence. Lone bats including stragglers have a high relative risk of predation, representing ~5% of the catch but ~0.2% of the population. Attacks on the column were no less successful than attacks on lone bats, so hunting efficiency is not decreased by group vigilance or confusion...
May 2021: Behavioral Ecology
#33
REVIEW
Francesca Chemi, Sumitra Mohan, Tatiana Guevara, Alexandra Clipson, Dominic G Rothwell, Caroline Dive
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a causal role in the development of metastasis, the major cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. In the past decade, the development of powerful cellular and molecular technologies has led to a better understanding of the molecular characteristics and timing of dissemination of CTCs during cancer progression. For instance, genotypic and phenotypic characterization of CTCs, at the single cell level, has shown that CTCs are heterogenous, disseminate early and could represent only a minor subpopulation of the primary tumor responsible for disease relapse...
2021: Frontiers in Oncology
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Victoria Foy, Colin R Lindsay, Alexandra Carmel, Fabiola Fernandez-Gutierrez, Matthew G Krebs, Lynsey Priest, Mathew Carter, Harry J M Groen, T Jeroen N Hiltermann, Antonella de Luca, Francoise Farace, Benjamin Besse, Leon Terstappen, Elisabetta Rossi, Alessandro Morabito, Francesco Perrone, Andrew Renehan, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Nicola Normanno, Caroline Dive, Fiona Blackhall, Stefan Michiels
Background: Circulating tumour cell (CTC) number is an independent prognostic factor in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) but there is no consensus on the CTC threshold for prognostic significance. We undertook a pooled analysis of individual patient data to clinically validate CTC enumeration and threshold for prognostication. Methods: Four European cancer centres, experienced in CellSearch CTC enumeration for SCLC provided pseudo anonymised data for patients who had undergone pre-treatment CTC count...
April 2021: Translational Lung Cancer Research
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reem D Mahmood, Danielle Shaw, Tine Descamps, Cong Zhou, Robert D Morgan, Saifee Mullamitha, Mark Saunders, Nerissa Mescallado, Alison Backen, Karen Morris, Ross A Little, Susan Cheung, Yvonne Watson, James P B O'Connor, Alan Jackson, Geoff J M Parker, Caroline Dive, Gordon C Jayson
BACKGROUND: Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer are treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy supplemented by molecularly targeted therapies. There is a critical need to define biomarkers that can optimise the use of these therapies to maximise efficacy and avoid unnecessary toxicity. However, it is important to first define the changes in potential biomarkers following cytotoxic chemotherapy alone. This study reports the impact of standard cytotoxic chemotherapy across a range of circulating and imaging biomarkers...
April 1, 2021: BMC Cancer
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Judit García-González, Bruno de Quadros, William Havelange, Alistair J Brock, Caroline H Brennan
Synthetic cannabinoids can cause acute adverse psychological effects, but the potential impact when exposure happens before birth is unknown. Use of synthetic cannabinoids during pregnancy may affect fetal brain development, and such effects could be moderated by the genetic makeup of an individual. Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 ( DISC1 ) is a gene with important roles in neurodevelopment that has been associated with psychiatric disorders in pedigree analyses. Using zebrafish as a model, we investigated (1) the behavioral impact of developmental exposure to 3 μM 1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)-indole (JWH-018; a common psychoactive synthetic cannabinoid) and (2) whether disc1 moderates the effects of JWH-018...
February 19, 2021: Biomolecules
#37
COMMENT
Kristopher K Frese, Kathryn L Simpson, Caroline Dive
In this issue of Cancer Cell, Gay et al. describe a molecular classification of small cell lung cancers and extend prior studies that highlight the potential for personalized treatments. Notably, they identify a new "inflamed" subtype that may emerge following acquired chemoresistance but which may become more susceptible to immunotherapy.
March 8, 2021: Cancer Cell
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ran Zheng, Caroline de Reus, John van der Kamp
Traditionally, goalkeeping in the soccer penalty kick has been studied using video-based technology, in which goalkeepers watched video footage of penalty kicks and indicated perceived ball direction. By omitting the requirement to actually dive or jump to the ball, these studies overlooked how action capabilities constrain goalkeepers' actions. By contrast, we examined whether goalkeeping in the penalty kick is consistent with affordance-based control, that is, whether goalkeepers guide their dive by taking into account their action capabilities (i...
April 2021: Human Movement Science
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert E Hynds, Kristopher K Frese, David R Pearce, Eva Grönroos, Caroline Dive, Charles Swanton
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although advances are being made towards earlier detection and the development of impactful targeted therapies and immunotherapies, the 5-year survival of patients with advanced disease is still below 20%. Effective cancer research relies on pre-clinical model systems that accurately reflect the evolutionary course of disease progression and mimic patient responses to therapy. Here, we review pre-clinical models, including genetically engineered mouse models and patient-derived materials, such as cell lines, primary cell cultures, explant cultures and xenografts, that are currently being used to interrogate NSCLC evolution from pre-invasive disease through locally invasive cancer to the metastatic colonization of distant organ sites...
January 2021: Open Biology
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James R Evans, Jose V Torres-Pérez, Maria Elena Miletto Petrazzini, Riva Riley, Caroline H Brennan
Individual differences in personality are associated with variation in healthy aging. Health behaviours are often cited as the likely explanation for this association; however, an underlying biological mechanism may also exist. Accelerated leukocyte telomere shortening is implicated in multiple age-related diseases and is associated with chronic activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, providing a link between stress-related personality differences and adverse health outcomes. However, the effects of the HPA axis are tissue specific...
January 11, 2021: Scientific Reports
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