keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/21097262/assessment-of-gravitational-stress-on-heart-rate-variability-during-maneuvers-on-high-performance-jet-flights
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marco Di Rienzo, Paolo Castiglioni, Paolo Meriggi, Francesco Rizzo, Pierandrea Trivelloni, Salvatore Cacopardo, Anton Giulio Guadagno
The Push-Pull Effect (PPE) is a physiological phenomenon defined as a reduction of +Gz tolerance induced by a previous exposure to a -Gz acceleration, that may lead to loss of consciousness. Aim of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the cardiac rhythm changes associated with PPE during real flights. Data were collected in 3 pilots during flights on the Aermacchi MB- 339-CD aircraft. In each flight, lasting about 60 minutes, ECG, respiration and 3D accelerations were recorded by a new smart garment (the MagIC System)...
2010: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/19653576/flying-experience-and-cardiovascular-response-to-rapid-head-up-tilt-in-fighter-pilots
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David G Newman, Robin Callister
INTRODUCTION: Fighter pilots report G tolerance increases with regular exposure. Our previous work has shown that the cardiovascular system of +Gz-adapted fighter pilots responds differently to orthostatic challenges than that of non-pilots. A +Gz training effect in pilots after repetitive +Gz exposure has also been shown. Individual pilot factors such as flying experience may have a role in +Gz adaptation. In this study, we investigated the relationship between flying hours (a marker of cumulative +Gz exposure) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) response to head-up tilt (HUT; a marker of enhanced cardiovascular performance)...
August 2009: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/18385957/anchorage-efficacy-of-palatally-inserted-miniscrews-in-molar-distalization-with-a-periodontally-miniscrew-anchored-distal-jet
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gero Kinzinger, Norbert Gülden, Faruk Yildizhan, Benita Hermanns-Sachweh, Peter Diedrich
AIM: As a clinical pilot study using the skeletonized, periodontally/miniscrew-anchored Distal Jet appliance, this study aimed to verify the positional stability of the palatally-inserted paramedian miniscrews when subjected to loading for several months, hence to assess the efficacy of the supporting anchorage design. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Sixteen miniscrews (8-9 mm in length, 1.6 mm in diameter, polished surface) were inserted in the anterior region of the palate at paramedian locations...
March 2008: Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/17517824/promotion-of-noise-induced-cochlear-injury-by-toluene-and-ethylbenzene-in-the-rat
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laurence D Fechter, Caroline Gearhart, Sherry Fulton, Jerry Campbell, Jeffrey Fisher, Kwangsam Na, David Cocker, Alisa Nelson-Miller, Patrick Moon, Benoit Pouyatos
Ethylbenzene + toluene are known individually to have ototoxic potential at high exposure levels and with prolonged exposure times generally of 4-16 weeks. Both ethylbenzene + toluene are minor constituents of JP-8 jet fuel; this fuel has recently been determined to promote susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss. Therefore, the current study evaluates the ototoxic potential of combined exposure to ethylbenzene + toluene exposure in a ratio calculated from the average found in three laboratories. Rats received ethylbenzene + toluene by inhalation and half of them were subjected simultaneously to an octave band of noise (OBN) of 93-95 dB...
August 2007: Toxicological Sciences: An Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/17310886/bruxism-in-military-pilots-and-non-pilots-tooth-wear-and-psychological-stress
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Orit Lurie, Yehuda Zadik, Shmuel Einy, Ricardo Tarrasch, Gil Raviv, Liav Goldstein
BACKGROUND: Bruxism is the diurnal or nocturnal para-functional habit of clenching or grinding the teeth and affects 5-10% of the general western population. Bruxism can cause pain and irreversible damage to the teeth, periodontium, masticatory muscles, and temporo-mandibular joint. Variables such as general stress, work-related stress, and personality traits have been increasingly considered as initiating, predisposing, and perpetuating factors for bruxism. We sought to evaluate the potential of work-related stress and personality factors to induce bruxism among military pilots and non-pilot officers...
February 2007: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/16676652/hormonal-responses-of-pilots-to-training-flights-the-effects-of-experience-on-apparent-stress
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yasutami Otsuka, Akihiko Onozawa, Yoshinori Miyamoto
INTRODUCTION: The levels of urinary noradrenaline (NAd), adrenaline (Ad) and salivary cortisol (Cor) were determined in student and instructor pilots during Phase 1 (training with propeller engine; PH1), and Phase 2 (training with jet engine; PH2) flight training. METHODS: The subjects in PH1 were 30 students and 33 instructors, and in PH2 were 17 students and 15 instructors. Urine and saliva were collected approximately 30 min before and 20 min after the flights...
April 2006: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/16026021/occupational-exposure-to-noise-and-hypertension-in-pilots
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesco Tomei, Simone De Sio, Enrico Tomao, Vincenza Anzelmo, Tiziana Paola Baccolo, Manuela Ciarrocca, Emilia Cherubini, Valentina Valentini, Assunta Capozzella, Maria Valeria Rosati
The role of occupational exposure to noise as a hypertension risk factor has not been established sufficiently. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether chronic exposure to different levels of noise in two groups of pilots, operating with two types of aircraft, could be a risk for hypertension, what relevance the parameters (intensity, duration and type) of exposure can have and, lastly, whether there are any links between hearing impairment and hypertension. After excluding pilots with confounding factors, a study was made of 77 male pilots of turboprop planes (group A) and 224 male pilots of jet aircraft (group B), matched by age and working life...
April 2005: International Journal of Environmental Health Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/14602182/influence-of-mechanical-activation-on-the-physical-stability-of-salbutamol-sulphate
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katharina Brodka-Pfeiffer, Peter Langguth, Peter Grass, Heribert Häusler
In order to obtain the optimal particle size distribution for pharmaceutical powders in dry powder inhalers the particles have to be micronised. In most cases the process of micronisation is connected with a high input of energy which induces disorder and defects on the surface of the drug particles and as a result changes in the crystallinity. Consequently, changes in the physical stability of the powders may occur. To investigate changes on the physical stability of the powder, different analytical methods are used in the present investigation: laser diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), isothermal microcalorimetry and DVS-method...
November 2003: European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/14262512/-evaluation-of-the-urinary-elimination-of-3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic-acid-vma-in-jet-pilots-during-training-flights-of-different-types
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J KLEPPING, R TRUCHOT, J MOUNIE, J P EYGONNET
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
1964: Comptes Rendus des Séances de la Société de Biologie et de Ses Filiales
https://read.qxmd.com/read/12549730/modeling-of-dynamic-cardiovascular-responses-during-g-transition-induced-orthostatic-stress-in-pitch-and-roll-rotations
#30
COMPARATIVE STUDY
William W Melek, Ziren Lu, Alex Kapps, Bob Cheung
Dynamic and fuzzy models for a typical subject's cardiovascular response to the orthostatic stress have been developed based on experimental data. In our original study (Cheung et al., 1999), arterial blood pressure (BP) time-series data were obtained using a man-rated tilt table that applies gigahertz-acceleration transitions from +0.861 Gz [head-up (HU)] to -0.707 G [head-down (HD)] and back to +0.861 Gz (HU) using either pitch or roll rotations (Cheung et al., 1999). G transitions of different duration and onset rates are common in fighter maneuvers...
December 2002: IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/12014603/circadian-rhythms-in-airline-pilots-submitted-to-long-haul-transmeridian-flights
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C Ariznavarreta, D P Cardinali, M A Villanúa, B Granados, M Martín, J J Chiesa, D A Golombek, J A F Tresguerres
BACKGROUND: Circadian rhythms shift out of phase after transmeridian flights. Desynchronization between body rhythms and the environment is linked to jet lag, which depends on age, flight direction, and number of time zones crossed. METHODS: To investigate this problem in airline pilots, we performed a multivariate analysis of their circadian systems during Madrid-Mexico-Madrid flights (-7 time zones, n = 12) and Madrid-Tokyo-Madrid flights (+8 time zones, n = 21)...
May 2002: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11462875/-drowsiness-greater-traffic-hazard-than-alcohol-causes-risks-and-treatment
#32
REVIEW
P O Haraldsson, T Akerstedt
Stress and shortage of sleep may cause daytime somnolence and impaired vigilance at the wheel, especially among those suffering from sleep disturbances. According to the international consensus meeting in Stockholm in May of 2000 on "The sleepy driver and pilot--causes, risks and countermeasures", drowsy driving is an underestimated risk factor in official statistics, and as many as 15-30 percent of today's traffic accidents are related to drowsiness; thus it is an even greater risk factor than alcohol. Drowsy drivers suffer from inattention, impaired concentration and may even fall asleep at the wheel...
June 20, 2001: Läkartidningen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10417010/visual-symptoms-and-g-loc-in-the-operational-environment-and-during-centrifuge-training-of-turkish-jet-pilots
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
U Yilmaz, M Cetinguc, A Akin
BACKGROUND: High-performance fighter aircraft produce high-sustained +Gz forces with rapid onset rates. Because of this G-producing capability, military jet pilots are subjected to physiological stress, which may lead to visual disturbances and G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC). Although visual disturbances are very common in jet flights, G-LOC is relatively rare but more dangerous. The frequency and causes of G-LOC need to be determined in the interest of flight safety. METHODS: Part I...
July 1999: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/9215465/heart-rate-responses-to-real-and-simulated-ba-hawk-mk-51-flight
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Ylönen, H Lyytinen, T Leino, J Leppäluoto, P Kuronen
BACKGROUND: The effects of psychological workload on inflight heart rate were studied in five experienced (flight instructors) and five less experienced (cadets) military pilots of the Finnish Air Force (FAF). METHOD: The subjects performed the same flight mission twice; first with the BA Hawk MK 51 simulator with minimal G-forces and after that with the BA Hawk MK 51 jet trainer with Gz-forces below +2. The mission included: a) 2 min rest after seating; b) take-off; c) ILS approach in the minimum weather conditions (initial, intermediate and final approach); d) landing tour (visual approach); and e) landing...
July 1997: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/8921758/cardiovascular-risk-factors-in-commercial-flight-aircrew-officers-compared-with-those-in-the-general-population
#35
COMPARATIVE STUDY
K Ekstrand, P A Boström, M Arborelius, J A Nilsson, S E Lindell
Cardiovascular disease is the most common reason for loss of license among commercial flight pilots. This study was done to explore cardiovascular risk factors among aircrew officers. The study group consisted of 113 male commercial flight aircrew officers (aviators), aged thirty-five to forty-four years (mean: 38.8 years) who participated in the compulsory health screening. Men investigated at the Health Screening Centre, Malmö, were used as the reference group. Group 1, for ECG, (n 771), aged thirty-eight to forty-four years (mean: 42...
November 1996: Angiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/8827139/is-there-a-hypercoagulable-state-in-military-fighter-pilots
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Biondi, S Farrace, G Mameli, F Marongiu
BACKGROUND: A hypercoagulable state is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, the most important cause of permanent grounding of flying personnel. HYPOTHESIS: The aim of our study was to investigate whether a hypercoagulable state is present in jet pilots, and whether it can be due to flight activity. METHOD: To this purpose we studied Fibrinopeptide A (FPA), Thrombin-Antithrombin complexes (TAT) and D-Dimer (DD), sensitive biochemical markers of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis activation, in 10 jet pilots after a standardized training flight mission, and in a control group...
June 1996: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/8747613/flying-therapy-for-flying-phobia
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G W McCarthy, K D Craig
INTRODUCTION: Optimum treatment for aircrew who have developed anxiety associated with flight includes a flying phase for desensitization. However, standardized flight profiles are not found in the literature. In this study, a method of desensitization flying, which may increase the probability of a return to productive flying, was devised and assessed. METHOD: Seven aircrew were referred for flying desensitization. Behavioral therapy (relaxation training, imaginary flying, and thought switching) was usually continued by the Medical Officer (Pilot) (MOP)...
December 1995: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/7726772/neuroendocrine-responses-to-real-and-simulated-ba-hawk-mk-51-flight
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Leino, J Leppäluoto, P Huttunen, A Ruokonen, P Kuronen
The effects of psychological workload on the plasma levels of eight neuroendocrine hormones were studied in 5 undergraduate and 5 senior military pilots of the Finnish Air Force (FAF). All subjects performed the same short-term basic flight mission, which included the following: 1) start; 2) ILS-approach in minimum weather conditions; 3) visual approach; and 4) landing. The mission was performed twice: first with the BA Hawk MK 51 simulator with minimal G-forces and after that with a BA Hawk MK 51 jet trainer with Gz-forces below +2...
February 1995: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/1755802/flight-psychology-at-sheppard-air-force-base
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R E King, G K Lochridge
Flight psychology is the application of psychological principles to the unique environment of the aviator in order to enhance training, flight safety, and mission accomplishment. At Sheppard Air Force Base, TX, flight psychology is a cooperative effort between a clinical psychologist and the aeromedical services, with the former acting as a consultant to the latter. The primary focus of the flight psychology program is stress management, including managing the stress response of airsickness, for students in the Euro-NATO Joint Jet Pilot Training (ENJJPT) program...
December 1991: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/1210591/-work-related-spinal-damage-in-jet-pilots-due-to-extreme-acceleration
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
F Baumann, A Beck
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
August 1975: Zeitschrift Für Orthopädie und Ihre Grenzgebiete
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