keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536734/are-day-flying-moths-more-specialised-in-larval-dietary-breadth-a-test-of-the-salient-aroma-hypothesis-in-a-predominantly-nocturnal-clade
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlo L Seifert, Patrick Strutzenberger, Konrad Fiedler
Although diurnality is widespread across Lepidoptera and has evolved many times independently, its causes and ecological implications are yet poorly understood. The 'Salient Aroma Hypothesis' (SAH) postulates that diurnal insect herbivores are overall more specialised in dietary breadth than species active at night. It is furthermore assumed that diurnality evolved more frequently in species that live in cooler environments. Using European geometrid moths as a model group, we tested whether diurnal activity in adults is associated with an increased larval dietary breadth as predicted by the 'Salient Aroma Hypothesis...
March 27, 2024: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535866/the-adaptation-time-to-the-extender-as-a-crucial-step-for-an-accurate-evaluation-of-ram-sperm-quality-during-the-liquid-storage
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marta Neila-Montero, Mercedes Alvarez, Marta F Riesco, Cristina Soriano-Úbeda, Rafael Montes-Garrido, Cristina Palacin-Martinez, Paulino de Paz, Luis Anel, Luis Anel-Lopez
Accurate assessment of ram sperm quality is crucial to optimizing assisted reproductive technologies in sheep. However, semen preservation can induce sperm due to osmotic, biochemical, and thermal stress. Stabilizing sperm with a suitable cooling rate and adaptation period to the extender could mitigate these effects for a more reliable evaluation. This study aimed to determine: (1) the best time to assess ram sperm quality, and (2) the factor responsible for the altered state of ram sperm during the first hours of liquid storage...
March 16, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535335/isobaric-tags-for-relative-and-absolute-quantitation-based-proteomics-analysis-revealed-proteins-involved-in-drought-response-during-the-germination-stage-in-faba-bean
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Changyan Liu, Fangwen Yang, Li Li, Xuesong Han, Hongwei Chen, Aihua Sha, Chunhai Jiao
The faba bean, a significant cool-season edible legume crop, is susceptible to drought during the germination stage. Research regarding the genetic regulation of drought tolerance throughout this stage in the faba bean is limited. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in faba beans between the drought-tolerant variety C105 and the drought-sensitive variant E1 during seed germination were identified in this work, accomplished through isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis...
March 21, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535140/development-of-a-micro-ct-scanner-with-dual-energy-option-and-endovascular-contrast-agent-administration-protocol-for-fetal-and-neonatal-virtual-autopsy
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert Zboray, Wolf Schweitzer, Lars Ebert, Martin Wolf, Sabino Guglielmini, Stefan Haemmerle, Stephan Weiss, Bruno Koller
The rate of parental consent for fetal and perinatal autopsy is decreasing, whereas parents are more likely to agree to virtual autopsy by non-invasive imaging methods. Fetal and perinatal virtual autopsy needs high-resolution and good soft-tissue contrast for investigation of the cause of death and underlying trauma or pathology in fetuses and stillborn infants. This is offered by micro-computed tomography (CT), as opposed to the limited resolution provided by clinical CT scanners, and this is one of the most promising tools for non-invasive perinatal postmortem imaging...
February 29, 2024: Journal of Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534591/influence-of-lowering-the-ph-value-on-the-generation-of-fibrous-structures-of-protein-gels-with-different-network-types
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Felix Ellwanger, Melanie Fuhrmann, Heike P Karbstein, Gabriela Itziar Saavedra Isusi
High-moisture extrusion of plant proteins to create meat-like structures is a process that has met with increasing attention in the recent past. In the process, the proteins are thermomechanically stressed in the screw section of the extruder, and the resulting protein gel is structured in the attached cooling die. Various protein sources, notably soy protein isolate (SPI) and wheat gluten, are used to form gels with different networks: SPI creates a physical, non-covalent network, while gluten forms a chemical, covalent one...
February 29, 2024: Gels
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534513/computational-rhinology-unraveling-discrepancies-between-in-silico-and-in-vivo-nasal-airflow-assessments-for-enhanced-clinical-decision-support
#6
REVIEW
Sverre Gullikstad Johnsen
Computational rhinology is a specialized branch of biomechanics leveraging engineering techniques for mathematical modelling and simulation to complement the medical field of rhinology. Computational rhinology has already contributed significantly to advancing our understanding of the nasal function, including airflow patterns, mucosal cooling, particle deposition, and drug delivery, and is foreseen as a crucial element in, e.g., the development of virtual surgery as a clinical, patient-specific decision support tool...
February 28, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534490/deep-learning-for-generalized-eeg-seizure-detection-after-hypoxia-ischemia-preclinical-validation
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hamid Abbasi, Joanne O Davidson, Simerdeep K Dhillon, Kelly Q Zhou, Guido Wassink, Alistair J Gunn, Laura Bennet
Brain maturity and many clinical treatments such as therapeutic hypothermia (TH) can significantly influence the morphology of neonatal EEG seizures after hypoxia-ischemia (HI), and so there is a need for generalized automatic seizure identification. This study validates efficacy of advanced deep-learning pattern classifiers based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) for seizure detection after HI in fetal sheep and determines the effects of maturation and brain cooling on their accuracy. The cohorts included HI-normothermia term ( n = 7), HI-hypothermia term ( n = 14), sham-normothermia term ( n = 5), and HI-normothermia preterm ( n = 14) groups, with a total of >17,300 h of recordings...
February 24, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534235/low-cost-arduino-reverse-transcriptase-loop-mediated-isothermal-amplification-rt-lamp-for-sensitive-nucleic-acid-detection
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bruno Dias Camargo, Mateus Cassaboni Stracke, Heloisa Bruna Soligo Sanchuki, Viviane Klassen de Oliveira, Hellen Cristina Ancelmo, Dayanne Mozaner Bordin, Fabricio Klerynton Marchini, Emilson Ribeiro Viana, Lucas Blanes
This work presents a low-cost transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) instrument for nucleic acid detection, employing an Arduino Nano microcontroller. The cooling system includes customized printed circuit boards (PCBs) that serve as electrical resistors and incorporate fans. An aluminum block is designed to accommodate eight vials. The system also includes two PCB heaters-one for sample heating and the other for vial lid heating to prevent condensation. The color detection system comprises a TCS3200 color 8-sensor array coupled to one side of the aluminum heater body and a white 8-LED array coupled to the other side, controlled by two Multiplexer/Demultiplexer devices...
February 29, 2024: Biosensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534060/conformational-mapping-interactions-and-fluorine-impact-by-combined-spectroscopic-approaches-and-quantum-chemical-calculations
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rami Rahimi, Noga Saban, Ilana Bar
Noncovalent interactions and their careful variation can be crucial in understanding molecular structures, conformational topographies, and properties. Here, we examine the fluorination impact on the structure and conformational behavior of 2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl alcohol (2-FPEAL) by monitoring the first individual ionization-loss-stimulated Raman spectra of the jet-cooled molecule. The comparison of two different broad-range spectra and predicted equivalents discloses two distinct structures. One possesses a folded side chain ( gauche ) and the other an extended chain ( anti ) with the terminal hydrogen atom pointing opposite or toward the fluorine side, indicating the improper previous tentative assignment of the latter...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533888/modulating-hot-carrier-cooling-and-extraction-with-a-site-organic-cations-in-perovskites
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuemeng Yu, Pengju Shi, Shaokuan Gong, Yuling Huang, Jingjing Xue, Rui Wang, Xihan Chen
Hot carrier solar cells could offer a solution to achieve high efficiency solar cells. Due to the hot-phonon bottleneck in perovskites, the hot carrier lifetime could reach hundreds of ps. Such that exploring perovskites could be a good way to promote hot carrier technology. With the incorporation of large organic cations, the hot carrier lifetime can be improved. By using ultrafast transient spectroscopy, the hot carrier relaxation and extraction kinetics are measured. From the transient kinetics, 2-phenyl-acetamidine cation based perovskites exhibit the highest initial carrier temperature, longest carrier relaxation, and slowest hot carrier relaxation...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Chemical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533885/the-glass-transition-and-enthalpy-recovery-of-polystyrene-nanorods-using-flash-differential-scanning-calorimetry
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Madhusudhan R Pallaka, Sindee L Simon
The glass transition (Tg) behavior and enthalpy recovery of polystyrene nanorods within an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template (supported nanorods) and after removal from AAO (unsupported nanorods) is studied using Flash differential scanning calorimetry. Tg is found to be depressed relative to the bulk by 20 ± 2 K for 20 nm-diameter unsupported polystyrene (PS) nanorods at the slowest cooling rate and by 9 ± 1 K for 55 nm-diameter rods. On the other hand, bulk-like behavior is observed in the case of unsupported 350 nm-diameter nanorods and for all supported rods in AAO...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Chemical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531860/predicting-and-improving-complex-beer-flavor-through-machine-learning
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michiel Schreurs, Supinya Piampongsant, Miguel Roncoroni, Lloyd Cool, Beatriz Herrera-Malaver, Christophe Vanderaa, Florian A Theßeling, Łukasz Kreft, Alexander Botzki, Philippe Malcorps, Luk Daenen, Tom Wenseleers, Kevin J Verstrepen
The perception and appreciation of food flavor depends on many interacting chemical compounds and external factors, and therefore proves challenging to understand and predict. Here, we combine extensive chemical and sensory analyses of 250 different beers to train machine learning models that allow predicting flavor and consumer appreciation. For each beer, we measure over 200 chemical properties, perform quantitative descriptive sensory analysis with a trained tasting panel and map data from over 180,000 consumer reviews to train 10 different machine learning models...
March 26, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531456/responses-in-the-breeding-parameters-of-the-collared-flycatcher-to-the-changing-climate
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miklós Laczi, Fanni Sarkadi, Márton Herényi, Gergely Nagy, Gergely Hegyi, Mónika Jablonszky, Réka Könczey, Katalin Krenhardt, Gábor Markó, Balázs Rosivall, Eszter Szász, Eszter Szöllősi, László Tóth, Sándor Zsebők, János Török
Global climate change involves various aspects of climate, including precipitation changes and declining surface wind speeds, but studies investigating biological responses have often focused on the impacts of rising temperatures. Additionally, related long-term studies on bird reproduction tend to concentrate on breeding onset, even though other aspects of breeding could also be sensitive to the diverse weather aspects. This study aimed to explore how multiple aspects of breeding (breeding onset, hatching delay, breeding season length, clutch size, fledgling number) were associated with different weather components...
March 24, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531199/gamma-spectrometry-measurements-of-filtration-media-from-an-advanced-gas-cooled-reactor
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew Petts, Jon Burnett, Matthew Goodwin, Brian Milbrath
Filtration media used to quantify particulate and gaseous releases have been collected from Hartlepool Power Station in the United Kingdom and measured using high-sensitivity gamma-spectrometry systems. Radionuclides that are relevant to the monitoring regime of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) have been detected. Results are reported and compared to detections recorded on the International Monitoring System (IMS). Time series activity plots have been produced and results interpreted with respect to known plant activities...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530527/influence-of-neoadjuvant-immunotherapy-chemotherapy-on-perioperative-outcomes-in-locally-advanced-esophageal-adenocarcinoma
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yehonatan Nevo, James Tankel, Hedi Zhao, Jaime Ramirez, Jonathan Cools-Lartigue, Carmen Muller, Thierry Alcindor, Lorenzo Ferri
BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the perioperative outcomes for patients who had locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy (IO) and chemotherapy versus a matched cohort of patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) alone. METHODS: A single-center non-randomized phase 2 trial was undertaken with locally advanced (cT3-4 and/or N+) EAC, and 49 patients completed neoadjuvant avelumab + docetaxel, cisplatin, 5FU (DCF) and esophagectomy between February 2018 and February 2020...
March 26, 2024: Annals of Surgical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530092/toward-an-ultimate-solution-for-peptide-retention-time-prediction-the-effect-of-column-temperature-on-separation-selectivity
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carina Villacrés, Benilde Mizero, Victor Spicer, Rosa Viner, Julian Saba, Bhavinkumar Patel, Sergei Snovida, Penny Jensen, Andreas Huhmer, Oleg V Krokhin
We studied the effect of the column temperature on the selectivity of reversed-phase peptide separation in bottom-up proteomics. The number of peptide identifications from 2 h liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) acquisitions reaches a plateau at 45-55 °C, driven simultaneously by improved separation efficiency, a gradual decrease in peptide retention, and possible on-column degradation of peptides at elevated temperatures. Performing 2D LC-MS/MS acquisitions at 25, 35, 45, and 55 °C resulted in the identification of ∼100,000 and ∼120,000 unique peptides for nonmodified and tandem mass tags (TMT)-labeled samples, respectively...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Proteome Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529796/effects-of-shear-induced-crystallization-on-the-complex-viscosity-of-lamellar-structured-concentrated-surfactant-solutions
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Parth U Kelkar, Matthew Kaboolian, Ria D Corder, Marco Caggioni, Seth Lindberg, Kendra A Erk
Material relationships at low temperatures were determined for concentrated surfactant solutions using a combination of rheological experiments, cross-polarized microscopy, calorimetry, and small angle X-ray scattering. A lamellar structured 70 wt% solution of sodium laureth sulfate in water was used as a model system. At cold temperatures (5 °C and 10 °C), the formation of surfactant crystals resulted in extremely high viscosity. The bulk flow behavior of multi-lamellar vesicles (20 °C) and focal conic defects (90 °C) in the lamellar phase was similar...
March 26, 2024: Soft Matter
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529099/clinical-presentation-and-6-month-outcomes-of-patients-with-peripartum-cardiomyopathy-in-indonesia
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hawani Sasmaya Prameswari, Triwedya Indra Dewi, Melawati Hasan, Erwan Martanto, Astri Astuti, Aninka Saboe, Charlotte Johanna Cool
BACKGROUND: Due to the rarity of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) globally, baseline characteristic data for PPCM patients are still scarce. Therefore, this study aims to determine the baseline characteristics and 6-month outcomes of PPCM patients in Indonesia. METHODS: From January 2014 to December 2021, all PPCM patients aged ≥18 years who were admitted to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia, participated in this single-center, prospective cohort study...
2024: International Journal of General Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528172/efficacy-and-safety-of-cryoablation-compared-with-cooled-radiofrequency-ablation-of-genicular-nerves-in-advanced-osteoarthritis-of-the-knee-a-study-protocol-of-single-centric-assessor-blinded-randomized-parallel-group-non-inferiority-study
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gautam Das, Amol Singam, Vivek Chakole, Sushpa Das, Vikas Sharma
PURPOSE: In patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis knee (OAK), cryoneurolysis (CRYO) and cooled radiofrequency ablation (C-RFA) are reported to be effective and safe; however, they have not been compared directly. The objective of this study is to compare CRYO and C-RFA of the genicular nerve (GN) in terms of efficacy and safety profile in patients with Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade ≥ 3 OAK. METHODS: This single-centric, assessor-blinded, randomized, parallel-group, non-inferiority study will include 80 patients with KL grade ≥ 3 OAK...
March 25, 2024: Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528017/deep-potential-enabled-multiscale-simulation-of-gallium-nitride-devices-on-boron-arsenide-cooling-substrates
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Wu, E Zhou, An Huang, Hongbin Zhang, Ming Hu, Guangzhao Qin
High-efficient heat dissipation plays critical role for high-power-density electronics. Experimental synthesis of ultrahigh thermal conductivity boron arsenide (BAs, 1300 W m-1 K-1 ) cooling substrates into the wide-bandgap semiconductor of gallium nitride (GaN) devices has been realized. However, the lack of systematic analysis on the heat transfer across the GaN-BAs interface hampers the practical applications. In this study, by constructing the accurate and high-efficient machine learning interatomic potentials, we perform multiscale simulations of the GaN-BAs heterostructures...
March 25, 2024: Nature Communications
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