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REVIEW
Pınar Korkmaz, Ali Asan, Faruk Karakeçili, Süda Tekin, Neşe Demirtürk
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. HBV-infected patients are at a lifetime risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Today, pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) are used in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Both treatment options have limitations. Despite effective viral suppression, NAs have little effect on covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the stable episomal form of the HBV genome in hepatocytes...
December 2023: Infect Dis Clin Microbiol
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valery Gunas, Oleksandr Maievskyi, Tatyana Synelnyk, Nataliia Raksha, Tetiana Vovk, Tetiana Halenova, Olexiy Savchuk, Igor Gunas
Nowadays, more than two billion inhabitants of underdeveloped tropical and subtropical countries are at risk of being stung by scorpions. Scorpion stings annually cause 2000-3000 deaths as they can lead to the respiratory and/or cardiovascular complications. Pathogenesis of lung damage under scorpion envenomation is often comprehensive. Respiratory failure can have a cardiogenic origin, associated with venom neurotoxin action. However, some venom components can stimulate pro-inflammatory signaling cascades followed by cytokines synthesis, recruit and activate immune cells, participating in the inflammatory response in lung injury...
June 2024: Toxicon: X
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Cauquil, M Beaumont, B Schmaltz-Panneau, L Liaubet, Y Lippi, C Naylies, L Bluy, M Poli, L Gress, C Lencina, V Duranthon, S Combes
Coprophagia by suckling rabbits, i.e. ingestion of feces from their mother, reduces mortality after weaning. We hypothesized that this beneficial effect of coprophagia is immune-mediated at the intestinal level. Therefore, this study investigated immune development after weaning by analyzing the ileal transcriptome at day 35 and 49 in rabbits with differential access to coprophagia in early life. Rabbit pups had access between day 1 and 15 to (i) no feces (NF) or (ii) feces from unrelated does (Foreign Feces, FF) or (iii) feces from unrelated does treated with antibiotics (FFab)...
April 17, 2024: Scientific Reports
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Florian Hornsteiner, Janine Vierthaler, Helen Strandt, Antonia Resag, Zhe Fu, Markus Ausserhofer, Christoph H Tripp, Sophie Dieckmann, Markus Kanduth, Kathryn Farrand, Sarah Bregar, Niloofar Nemati, Natascha Hermann-Kleiter, Athanasios Seretis, Sudhir Morla, David Mullins, Francesca Finotello, Zlatko Trajanoski, Guido Wollmann, Franca Ronchese, Marc Schmitz, Ian F Hermans, Patrizia Stoitzner
BACKGROUND: Tumor-targeted therapy causes impressive tumor regression, but the emergence of resistance limits long-term survival benefits in patients. Little information is available on the role of the myeloid cell network, especially dendritic cells (DC) during tumor-targeted therapy. METHODS: Here, we investigated therapy-mediated immunological alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor-draining lymph nodes (LN) in the D4M.3A preclinical melanoma mouse model (harboring the V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF)V600E mutation) by using high-dimensional multicolor flow cytometry in combination with multiplex immunohistochemistry...
April 17, 2024: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiuchun Li, Yangyue Wang, Yuxin Chen, Ziyi Lu, Yihan Sun, Chuyue Zhong, Zhanghang Lv, Haofeng Pan, Jun Chen, Dan Yao, Xiaoying Huang, Chang Yu
AIMS: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening lung disease characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and lung epithelial injury. Icariside II (ICS II), one of the main active ingredients of Herba Epimedii, exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the effect and mechanism of ICS II in ALI remain unclear. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the pharmacological effect and underlying mechanism of ICS II in ALI. MAIN METHODS: Models of neutrophil-like cells, human peripheral blood neutrophils, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mouse model were utilized...
April 15, 2024: Life Sciences
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Zhou, Yunhao Hua, Yuwei Liu, Tong Wu, Hongqin Xu, Zhongfeng Wang, Xiaomei Wang, Junqi Niu
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections pose a major threat to human health. HBV can upregulate the expression of the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in in vitro cytological experiments, suggesting an association between YY1 and HBV infection. However, data on YY1 expression in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients are lacking. In this study, we aimed to assess the correlation between YY1 expression and HBV infection. We detected serum YY1 levels in 420 patients with chronic HBV infection, 30 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection, and 32 healthy controls using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay...
April 15, 2024: Antiviral Research
#27
MULTICENTER STUDY
Hoang Van Phan, Alexandra Tsitsiklis, Cole P Maguire, Elias K Haddad, Patrice M Becker, Seunghee Kim-Schulze, Brian Lee, Jing Chen, Annmarie Hoch, Harry Pickering, Patrick van Zalm, Matthew C Altman, Alison D Augustine, Carolyn S Calfee, Steve Bosinger, Charles B Cairns, Walter Eckalbar, Leying Guan, Naresh Doni Jayavelu, Steven H Kleinstein, Florian Krammer, Holden T Maecker, Al Ozonoff, Bjoern Peters, Nadine Rouphael, Ruth R Montgomery, Elaine Reed, Joanna Schaenman, Hanno Steen, Ofer Levy, Joann Diray-Arce, Charles R Langelier
Age is a major risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), yet the mechanisms behind this relationship have remained incompletely understood. To address this, we evaluated the impact of aging on host immune response in the blood and the upper airway, as well as the nasal microbiome in a prospective, multicenter cohort of 1031 vaccine-naïve patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between 18 and 96 years old. We performed mass cytometry, serum protein profiling, anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody assays, and blood and nasal transcriptomics...
April 17, 2024: Science Translational Medicine
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Atif Zahoor, Joshua B Feld, Hsing-Hua Sylvia Lin, Alexander I Mosa, Loghman Salimzadeh, Robert P Perrillo, Raymond T Chung, Kathleen B Schwarz, Harry LA Janssen, Adam J Gehring, Jordan J Feld
BACKGROUND: Peginterferon-α (PegIFNα) is of limited utility during immunotolerant (IT) or immune active (IA) phases of chronic hepatitis B infection but is being explored as part of new cure regimens. Low/absent levels of IFNα found in some treated patients are associated with limited/no virological responses. AIM: To determine if sera from participants inhibit IFNα activity and/or contain therapy-induced anti-IFNα antibodies. METHODS: Pre-, on- and post-treatment sera from 61 IT trial participants on PegIFNα/ entecavir therapy and 88 IA trial participants on PegIFNα/tenofovir therapy were screened for anti-IFNα antibodies by indirect ELISA...
April 17, 2024: Hepatology: Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qingqing Sun, Xiao Han, Lingtong Meng, Hongru Li, Yijia Chen, Lizheng Yin, Chang Wang, Jiachao Wang, Miao Li, Xue Gao, Wenjian Li, Lin Wei, Cuiqing Ma
Innate immune response is the first line of defense for the host against virus invasion. One important response is the synthesis and secretion of type I interferon (IFN-I) in the virus-infected host cells. Here, we found that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection induced high expression of TRIM25, which belongs to the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family of proteins. TRIM25 bound and activated retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) by K63-linked ubiquitination. Accordingly, RIG-I mediated the production of IFN-I mainly through the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway in respiratory epithelial cells...
April 17, 2024: Inflammation
#30
REVIEW
José Javier San Román Llorens, Marta Fernández-Gurria, June Artaechevarria Artieda, Nicolas Alejandre Alba, Blanca García Sandoval, Ignacio Jiménez-Alfaro Morote
PURPOSE: To analyze the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of adjuvant therapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) compared to interferon α-2b (IFNα-2b) after surgery in ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). METHODS: Retrospective study that included patients diagnosed with OSSN, who underwent surgical excision followed by adjuvant therapy with IFN α-2b (Group A) or 5-FU (Group B), in a tertial referral hospital. Clinical data collected included: demographics, risk factors, appearance, size and location of the lesions, slit-lamp examination, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, iconography and histological classification of subtypes of OSSN...
April 17, 2024: International Ophthalmology
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew J Boreland, Alessandro C Stillitano, Hsin-Ching Lin, Yara Abbo, Ronald P Hart, Peng Jiang, Zhiping P Pang, Arnold B Rabson
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) affects up to half of people living with HIV-1 and causes long term neurological consequences. The pathophysiology of HIV-1-induced glial and neuronal functional deficits in humans remains enigmatic. To bridge this gap, we established a model simulating HIV-1 infection in the central nervous system using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglia combined with sliced neocortical organoids. Incubation of microglia with two replication-competent macrophage-tropic HIV-1 strains (JRFL and YU2) elicited productive infection and inflammatory activation...
May 17, 2024: IScience
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akira Kazaoka, Sota Fujimori, Yushiro Yamada, Tomohiro Shirayanagi, Yuying Gao, Saki Kuwahara, Naoki Sakamoto, Takeshi Susukida, Shigeki Aoki, Kousei Ito
Specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms combined with certain drug administration strongly correlate with skin eruption. Abacavir hypersensitivity (AHS), which is strongly associated with HLA-B*57:01, is one of the most representative examples. Conventionally, HLA transmits immunological signals via interactions with T cell receptors on the cell surface. This study focused on HLA-mediated intracellular reactions in keratinocytes that might determine the onset of skin immunotoxicity by drug treatments...
April 2024: PNAS Nexus
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tiezhu Lin, Mingqin Zhang, Bing Wu, Yuanlong An, Emmanuel Eric Pazo, Rong Li, Lijun Shen
BACKGROUND: To explore the safety of Neodymium:Yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser vitreolysis based on the histological examination of the retina and the alteration of vitreous cytokines in the rabbits. METHODS: Nine male New Zealand rabbits underwent Nd:YAG laser vitreolysis of 10 mJ x 500 pulses in the left eyes, while the right eyes were used as controls. Intraocular pressure, color fundus photography, and ultrasound B scan were measured before, as well as 1 day, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks after Nd:YAG laser vitreolysis...
April 16, 2024: BMC Ophthalmology
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Autoimmunity Against Surfactant Protein B Is Associated with Pneumonitis During Checkpoint Blockade.
Nina Wyss, Fiamma Berner, Vincent Walter, Ann-Kristin Jochum, Mette T Purde, Marie-Therese Abdou, Tobias Sinnberg, Kathrin Hofmeister, Oltin T Pop, Omar Hasan Ali, Jens Bauer, Hung-Wei Cheng, Mechthild Lütge, Niklas Klümper, Stefan Diem, Zeynep Kosaloglu-Yalcin, Yizheng Zhang, Laura Sellmer, Boris Macek, Julia Karbach, David König, Heinz Läubli, Lars Zender, Britta S Meyer, Christoph Driessen, Christian M Schürch, Wolfram Jochum, Teresa Amaral, Lucie Heinzerling, Antonio Cozzio, Ahmed N Hegazy, Tino Schneider, Martin H Brutsche, Alessandro Sette, Tobias L Lenz, Juliane Walz, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Martin Früh, Elke Jäger, Burkhard Becher, Amanda Tufman, Nicolas Nuñez, Markus Joerger, Lukas Flatz
RATIONALE: Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis is a serious autoimmune event affecting up to 20% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, yet the factors underpinning its development in some patients and not others are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells against surfactant-related proteins in the development of pneumonitis. METHODS: The study cohort consisted of non-small cell lung cancer patients who gave blood samples before and during immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment...
April 16, 2024: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yao Liang, Yun Liang, Qi Wang, Qianna Li, Yingqi Huang, Rong Li, Xiaoxin Pan, Linmiao Lie, Hui Xu, Zhenyu Han, Honglin Liu, Qian Wen, Chaoying Zhou, Li Ma, Xinying Zhou
OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: As an interferon-inducible protein, Viperin has broad-spectrum antiviral effects and regulation of host immune responses. We aim to investigate how Viperin regulates interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production in macrophages to control Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. METHODS: We use Viperin deficient bone-marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) to investigate the effects and machines of Viperin on Mtb infection. RESULTS: Viperin inhibited IFN-γ production in macrophages and in the lung of mice to promote Mtb survival...
April 16, 2024: Inflammation Research: Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et Al.]
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hai Cheng, Yingjun Sun, Xiaoxue Zhang, Zihan Chen, Lingyan Shao, Jiaying Liu, Dandan Wang, Yegan Chen, Xue Wang, Wei Chen, Wei Sang, Kunming Qi, Zhenyu Li, Cai Sun, Ming Shi, Jianlin Qiao, Qingyun Wu, Lingyu Zeng, Junnian Zheng, Kailin Xu, Jiang Cao
BACKGROUND AIMS: Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells have exhibited remarkable efficacy in treating refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma (R/R MM). Although obesity has a favorable value in enhancing the response to immunotherapy, less is known about its predictive value regarding the efficacy and prognosis of CAR-T cell immunotherapy. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 111 patients with R/R MM who underwent CAR-T cell treatment. Using the body mass index (BMI) classification, the patients were divided into a normal-weight group (73/111) and an overweight group (38/111)...
March 29, 2024: Cytotherapy
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kai-Wei Jia, Ren-Qi Yao, Yi-Wen Fan, Ding-Ji Zhang, Ye Zhou, Min-Jun Wang, Li-Yuan Zhang, Yue Dong, Zhi-Xuan Li, Su-Yuan Wang, Mu Wang, Yun-Hui Li, Lu-Xin Zhang, Ting Lei, Liang-Chen Gui, Shan Lu, Ying-Yun Yang, Si-Xian Wang, Yi-Zhi Yu, Yong-Ming Yao, Jin Hou
BACKGROUND: Liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is usually caused by hepatic inflow occlusion during liver surgery, and is frequently observed during war wounds and trauma. Hepatocyte ferroptosis plays a critical role in liver I/R injury, however, it remains unclear whether this process is controlled or regulated by members of the DEAD/DExH-box helicase (DDX/DHX) family. METHODS: The expression of DDX/DHX family members during liver I/R injury was screened using transcriptome analysis...
April 15, 2024: Military Medical Research
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maximillian N J Woodall, Ana-Maria Cujba, Kaylee B Worlock, Katie-Marie Case, Tereza Masonou, Masahiro Yoshida, Krzysztof Polanski, Ni Huang, Rik G H Lindeboom, Lira Mamanova, Liam Bolt, Laura Richardson, Batuhan Cakir, Samuel Ellis, Machaela Palor, Thomas Burgoyne, Andreia Pinto, Dale Moulding, Timothy D McHugh, Aarash Saleh, Eliz Kilich, Puja Mehta, Chris O'Callaghan, Jie Zhou, Wendy Barclay, Paolo DeCoppi, Colin R Butler, Mario Cortina-Borja, Heloise Vinette, Sunando Roy, Judith Breuer, Rachel C Chambers, Wendy E Heywood, Kevin Mills, Robert E Hynds, Sarah A Teichmann, Kerstin B Meyer, Marko Z Nikolić, Claire M Smith
Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 rarely progress to respiratory failure. However, the risk of mortality in infected people over 85 years of age remains high. Here we investigate differences in the cellular landscape and function of paediatric (<12 years), adult (30-50 years) and older adult (>70 years) ex vivo cultured nasal epithelial cells in response to infection with SARS-CoV-2. We show that cell tropism of SARS-CoV-2, and expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in nasal epithelial cell subtypes, differ between age groups...
April 15, 2024: Nature Microbiology
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sohini Roy, Geetha Shanmugam, Sudeshna Rakshit, R Pradeep, Melvin George, Koustav Sarkar
Bacopa monnieri (L) Wettst, commonly known as Brahmi, stands as a medicinal plant integral to India's traditional medical system, Ayurveda, where it is recognized as a "medhya rasayana"-a botanical entity believed to enhance intellect and mental clarity. Its significant role in numerous Ayurvedic formulations designed to address conditions such as anxiety, memory loss, impaired cognition, and diminished concentration underscores its prominence. Beyond its application in cognitive health, Brahmi has historically been employed in Ayurvedic practices for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including arthritis...
April 15, 2024: Medical Oncology
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mari Tone, Kota Iwahori, Michinari Hirata, Azumi Ueyama, Akiyoshi Tani, Jun-Ichi Haruta, Yoshito Takeda, Yasushi Shintani, Atsushi Kumanogoh, Hisashi Wada
BACKGROUND: Cancer immunotherapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors is only effective for a limited population of patients with cancer. Therefore, the development of novel cancer immunotherapy is anticipated. In preliminary studies, we demonstrated that tetracyclines enhanced T-cell responses. Therefore, we herein investigated the efficacy of tetracyclines on antitumor T-cell responses by human peripheral T cells, murine models, and the lung tumor tissues of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a focus on signaling pathways in T cells...
April 15, 2024: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
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