FEV1

BACKGROUND: Lung health is increasingly recognized as an essential factor in mental health. However, prospective evidence on lung function with incident depression remains to be determined. The study aimed to examine the prospective association between impaired lung function and incident depression and the underlying biological mechanisms. METHODS: This prospective cohort study comprised 280,032 non-depressed individuals with valid lung function measurements from the UK Biobank...

PURPOSE: Only a subset of patients with severe emphysema qualify for lung volume reduction surgery or endobronchial valves. We previously demonstrated that Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) of lung tumors reduces lung volume in treated lobes by creating localized lung fibrosis. We aimed to determine the safety and, secondarily, explore the efficacy of Stereotactic Irradiation for Lung Volume Reduction (SILVR) over 18 months following intervention in patients with severe emphysema...

BACKGROUND: Chronic neck pain (CNP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition including notable impairments in respiratory function. The diaphragm, serving dual roles in respiration and spinal stability, is intricately linked to the cervical spine through fascial, neurophysiological, and biomechanical connections. However, to date, none has investigated the diaphragm function in patients with CNP. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the diaphragm function, respiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary function in patients with CNP...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between left ventricular structure and disease severity in COPD patients. METHODS: Twenty-eight COPD patients were stratified according to the disease severity, using the BODE index, into Lower (n=17) and Higher (n=11) groups, composed of patients with lower severity (BODE <5) and higher severity (BODE ≥5), respectively. Left ventricle (LV) was assessed by 2D-echocardiography. BODE index was calculated using body mass index (BMI); forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1 , %); modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) and distance walked during 6-minute walk test (6MWD)...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) liver disease progresses to liver failure requiring transplantation in about 3 % of patients, 0.7 % of CF patients are post liver transplant. The prognosis of CF has improved with the introduction of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI). Due to the paucity of data and concerns regarding interactions with immunosuppressive drug regimens, there is no general consensus on use of ETI post liver transplantation. The aim of this review is to report the safety and efficacy of ETI in CF patients who underwent liver transplantation...

BACKGROUND: Dyspnoea is a common symptom of respiratory disease. However, data on its prevalence in general populations and its association with lung function are limited and are mainly from high-income countries. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of dyspnoea across several world regions, and to investigate the association of dyspnoea with lung function. METHODS: Dyspnoea was assessed, and lung function measured in 25,806 adult participants of the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study...

BACKGROUND: A healthy, well-balanced diet plays an essential role in respiratory diseases. Since micronutrient deficiency is relatively common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), micronutrient supplementation might have the beneficial health effects in those patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to demonstrate the impact of micronutrient supplementation on the lung function of patients with COPD. METHODS: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched from their corresponding creation until February 2024...

INTRODUCTION: A validated 4-point sputum colour chart can be used to objectively evaluate the levels of airway inflammation in bronchiectasis patients. In the EMBARC registry, we tested whether sputum colour would be associated with disease severity and clinical outcomes. METHODS: Prospective, observational registry of adults with bronchiectasis conducted in 31 countries. Patients who did not produce spontaneous sputum were excluded from the analysis. The Murray sputum colour chart was used at baseline and at follow-up visits...

BACKGROUND: To analyze the effect of an exercise-nutrition management model based on the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) concept on patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical surgery for lung cancer. METHODS: From June 2019 to December 2022, 85 lung cancer patients who underwent thoracoscopic radical lung cancer surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group, consisting of 42 patients, received routine nursing care during the perioperative period...

Neck circumference (NC) is associated with various diseases. However, its association with pulmonary diseases remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between NC and pulmonary function in Korean adults. Data from the 2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, including forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). A total of 3818 adults aged 40 to 79 years were included in the analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with low pulmonary function (<80% of the predicted value) and calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for decreased lung function per 1-cm increase in NC...

RATIONALE: The European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the American Thoracic Society (ATS) recommend using z-scores, and the ATS has recommended using Global Lung Initiative (GLI)- "Global" race-neutral reference equations for spirometry interpretation. However, these recommendations have been variably implemented and the impact has not been widely assessed, both in clinical and research settings. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the ERS/ATS airflow obstruction severity classification...

BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations producing dysfunctional CFTR proteins leading to progressive clinical disease. Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) remarkably improves lung disease but is associated with substantial weight gain. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed a single-center longitudinal study predicting 6-month weight gain after ETI initiation. We used linear mixed effects modeling (LME) to determine association of ETI treatment with changing body mass index (BMI)...

OBJECTIVE: To study and compare the efficacy and clinical value of aminophylline and doxofylline in the clinical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHOD: The study analyzed the clinical data of 92 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who received either aminophylline or doxofylline treatment in the hospital from January 2020 to June 2022. The patients were divided into a control group composed of 46 COPD patients who received aminophylline treatment and a study group composed of 46 COPD patients who received doxofylline treatment...

BACKGROUND: Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) improves clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients with severe asthma and has shown sustained reductions in airway narrowing and air trapping in previous CT studies. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive analysis, including CT evaluation, of clinical outcomes in Japanese patients who have undergone BT for severe asthma. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of BT in Japanese asthma patients, with a focus on the CT metric "WA at Pi10" to assess airway disease...

BACKGROUND: Light chain deposition disease (LCDD) is a very rare entity. Clinical manifestations of LCDD vary according to the organs involved. Data on pulmonary LCDD are scarce and limited to small series or case reports. This study aimed to describe the characteristics and outcome of diffuse pulmonary non-amyloid LCDD localized to the lungs. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted. Clinical characteristics were collected, and chest CTs were centrally reviewed...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether weekly oral vitamin D supplementation influences growth, body composition, pubertal development or spirometric outcomes in South African schoolchildren. DESIGN: Phase 3 double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Socioeconomically disadvantaged peri-urban district of Cape Town, South Africa. PARTICIPANTS: 1682 children of black African ancestry attending government primary schools and aged 6-11 years at baseline...

BACKGROUND: For the treatment of COPD exacerbations, systemic corticosteroids are recommended in addition to short-acting bronchodilators. Although there have been several systemic reviews, many of the included studies were conducted before 2007 and a re-evaluation has not been performed since 2014. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of systemic corticosteroids in patients with COPD during exacerbations. METHODS: We searched relevant randomized control trials (RCTs) and analyzed the treatment failure, relapse, lung function, improvement in PaO2 and PaCO2 , dyspnea, quality of life (QOL), length of stay in hospital and adverse events including hyperglycemia and mortality as the outcomes of interest...

RATIONALE: According to GOLD, the ratio of FEV1 /FVC is used to confirm airflow obstruction in COPD diagnosis, whereas FEV1 % of predicted (FEV1 %pred) is used for severity grading. STaging of Airflow obstruction by the FEV1 /FVC Ratio (STAR) and its prediction of adverse outcomes has not been evaluated in general populations. OBJECTIVE: To compare the STAR (FEV1 /FVC) versus GOLD (FEV1 %pred) classification for the severity of airflow limitation in terms of exertional breathlessness and mortality in the general US population...

BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that the risk of mortality due to COVID-19 is high in patients with COPD. However, evidence on factors predicting mortality is limited. RESEARCH QUESTION: Are there any useful markers to predict mortality in COVID-19 patients with COPD?. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 689 patients were included in this study from the COPET study, a national multicenter observational study investigating COPD phenotypes consisting of patients who were followed up with a spirometry-confirmed COPD diagnosis...

OBJECTIVE: Severe spinal deformity results in restrictive pulmonary disease from thoracic distortions and lung-volume limitations. Though spirometry and body plethysmography are widely accepted tests for pulmonary function tests (PFTs), they are time-consuming and require patient compliance. This study investigates whether surface topographic [surface topography (ST)] measurements of body volume difference (BVD) and torso volume difference between maximum inhale and exhale correlate to values determined on PFTs...