posterior scleritis

PURPOSE: To report the spectrum of posterior segment manifestations and visual outcomes in a large series of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Retrospective study at a tertiary referral eye center in south India between 2016 and 2022. RESULTS: Charts of 109 patients diagnosed to have SLE were retrieved from our medical database. Only nine cases of SLE (8.25%) had posterior segment involvement. The male: female ratio was 1:8...

Clinical signs, additional diagnostic procedures, treatment, and outcome of a clinically diagnosed posterior scleritis in a male Landseer are reported and discussed in context with the existing literature.

With the rise of novel types of vaccines during the pandemic, new side effects are encountered. The aim of this paper is to describe an atypical case of bilateral serous detachments with Roth spots after COVID-19 vaccination using an mRNA vaccine. A healthy, 38-year-old male presented with a central scotoma and metamorphopsia in his left eye, 4 days after his second COVID-19 booster shot. Bilateral serous detachments were seen, with one area showing Roth spots. Patient's symptoms resolved spontaneously without any treatment...

This report describes a case of idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis (IHCP) with scleritis and optic disc involvement. The patient was a 56-year-old woman with chief complaints of fever, headache, binocular pain, and redness. Biochemical and immunological indicators, cranial magnetic resonance imaging, and relevant ophthalmological examinations were employed for evaluation. Infectious and neoplastic causes were excluded. Typical meningeal thickening and enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging revealed IHCP...

While episcleritis is a benign disease only affecting the episclera, scleritis is an ocular inflammation with typically severe pain and not rarely affecting adjacent tissue.Scleritis is classified into anterior and posterior forms. Anterior scleritis is further subdivided into diffuse, nodular, necrotizing with inflammation, and necrotizing scleritis without inflammation (scleromalacia perforans). A systemic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or granulomatosis with polyangiitis is associated with up to 50% of all patients with scleritis or episcleritis, consequently a systemic work-up with blood sampling and imaging as well as collaboration with internists are necessary...

Episcleritis is synonymous with episclerokeratitis although the latter is most appropriate as the cornea is often affected as well as the episclera. Episcleritis is a superficial ocular disease characterized by inflammation of the episclera and conjunctiva. It responds most commonly to topical antinflammatory medications. In contrast scleritis is a granulomatous fulminant panophthalmitis that will progress rapidly and induce significant intraocular disease including glaucoma and exudative retinal detachments without systemic immune suppressive therapy...

PURPOSE: To compare visual outcomes, ocular complications and therapies for patients with scleritis-associated intraocular inflammation (SAI) and patients with isolated scleritis (IS). RESULTS: A total of 52 patients (36 with SAI and 16 with IS) were reviewed. Mean age (standard deviation) at presentation was 48.4 years old (± 15.4) in the SAI group and 53 years old (± 17.1) in the IS group (p = .37). Visual acuity was worse at presentation and last visit for patients with SAI compared to IS (p = ...

PURPOSE: To report a case of posterior scleritis (PS) in an HLA-B*14 positive patient highlighting the crucial role of multimodal imaging and of autoimmune systemic disease screening for the diagnosis. METHODS: Case Report. RESULTS: A 73-year-old woman, complaining of ocular discomfort in right eye (RE), presented conjunctival hyperemia, keratic precipitates involving the anterior segment and four chorioretinal elevations with macular folds at fundus examination...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes ocular manifestations in approximately 11% of patients. Most patients typically develop ocular symptoms within 30 days of the onset of the first COVID-19 symptoms. The most common ocular manifestation is conjunctivitis, which affects nearly 89% of patients with eye problems. Other much less common anterior segment abnormalities caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are scleritis, episcleritis, and acute anterior uveitis. Posterior segment abnormalities caused by SARS-CoV-2 are mainly vascular, such as hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, dilated veins, and vasculitis...

BACKGROUND: The cause of ocular pain in the quiet eye is challenging to diagnose. It is a common complaint in the ophthalmology clinic and there are no actual guidelines on the exams that should be ordered initially. We decided to characterize patients with eye pain and normal ophthalmological examination who underwent ocular ultrasound, their findings, and systemic work-up. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients who underwent ocular ultrasound due to ocular pain and no clinical findings on initial slit-lamp examination...

BACKGROUND: To analyze the clinical characteristics and long-term treatment outcomes of patients with posterior scleritis. METHODS: This retrospective, observational case series analyzed medical records of 14 patients diagnosed with infectious or non-infectious posterior scleritis between May 2005 and March 2020 at Severance Hospital and Gangnam Severance Hospital. RESULTS: A total of 12 patients with non-infectious and two with infectious posterior scleritis were treated...

Noninfectious scleritis typically takes a chronic course, and systemic corticosteroids or disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) treatment may be inevitable for a prolonged period. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are a relatively new therapeutic option for inflammatory diseases, and three cases of successful treatment of scleritis with tofacitinib, a substance targeting JAK-1 and -3, have been published up to now. We here describe the case of a 51-years-old female patient with bilateral anterior and posterior scleritis who, after treatment failure of multiple DMARDs, finally achieved clinical quiescence of disease under treatment with upadacitinib, a selective JAK-1 inhibitor...

A woman aged mid 70s with mild learning difficulty presented with eye symptoms, headache and shoulder pains. She was found to have bilateral posterior scleritis secondary to giant cell arteritis. Posterior scleritis is a potentially blinding condition, with ambiguous symptoms and signs, therefore diagnosis is commonly delayed. This patient was seen in General Practice as well as in Accident and Emergency, where diagnoses of acute angle closure glaucoma as well as iritis were rightfully considered. Her symptoms persisted for 11 days before ophthalmic opinion was sought...

PURPOSE: To report the occurrence of posterior ocular adverse events following the administration of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: A retrospective consecutive case series, in which the medical files of patients presenting with ocular adverse events within 30 days of the vaccine inoculation, were analyzed. RESULTS: Four patients (2 females) were included in the study. The diagnoses included: posterior scleritis, paracentral acute middle maculopathy, herpes panuveitis, and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH)-like uveitis...

INTRODUCTION: This article aimed to summarize the outcomes of escalating immunosuppressive treatments for patients with recalcitrant noninfectious posterior scleritis (PS). METHODS: Clinical records of 16 patients diagnosed with recalcitrant noninfectious PS in the Ocular Immunity and Uveitis Department of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from September 2016 to December 2021 were reviewed. Patients were treated with escalating immunosuppressive regimen including corticosteroid, immunosuppressants (IMTs), and adalimumab (ADA)...

BACKGROUND: Ocular mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma involving orbit and conjunctiva usually has an indolent clinical course with "salmon patch" mass as typical presentation. This study is to report a series of rare cases and investigate the clinical and pathological features of ocular MALT lymphoma that involved uveal tissue primarily and presented as posterior scleritis. METHODS: This retrospective, observational study was conducted at Beijing Tongren Hospital...

PURPOSE: To describe a case of posterior scleritis following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection. OBSERVATIONS: A 51-year-old male receiving biweekly anti-VEGF injections for a central retinal vein occlusion complicated with cystoid macular edema presented with new-onset severe pain, photophobia, and tearing. Ophthalmological examination revealed choroidal folds and B-scan ultrasound confirmed significant thickening of the sclera, leading to a diagnosis of posterior scleritis...

A 14-year-old girl with bilateral chronic posterior scleritis was referred to us for poor control of ocular inflammation. There was an incidental finding of choroidal osteoma bilaterally whereby the choroidal mass in her right eye demonstrated a significant tumor growth in a short duration of two months. The right eye choroidal tumor was orangy in color with a well-defined margin, two-disc diameter in size, and located at the macula encroaching the fovea. Multimodal imaging assessments, including serial color fundus photo, enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT), and B scan ultrasonography monitoring, confirmed a continuous rapid growth of choroidal osteoma with episodes of scleritis flare-ups...

Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a vasculitis of the large and medium-sized arteries in the elderly whose ischemic complications adversely affect the eye. The irreversible loss of visual acuity is most often related to acute anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Very few cases of scleritis have been described in the literature. Case Presentation: The patient presented an obvious case of giant cell arteritis, initially revealed by an ophthalmologic involvement in the form of posterior scleritis, an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) involvement with vestibular and neurological involvement with a type of peripheral neuropathy, all evolving in the context of a weight loss of 8 kg and a marked biological inflammatory syndrome...

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