Heat stroke

To explore the mechanism whereby cGAS-STING pathway regulates the pyroptosis of cryptorchidism cells, with a view to finding a new strategy for clinically treating cryptorchidism-induced infertility. Spermatogonial GC-1 cells were heat stimulated to simulate the heat hurt microenvironment of cryptorchidism. The cell viability was assayed by CCK-8, and cellular DNA damage was detected by gamma-H2AX immunofluo-rescence assay. Flow cytometry was employed to assess pyroptosis index, while western blot, ELISA and PCR were used to examine the expressions of pyroptosis-related proteins (Caspase-1, IL-1beta, NLRP3) and cGAS-STING pathway proteins (cGAS, STING)...

This study aimed to identify the reasons for transferring athletes to local medical facilities during the Olympic and Paralympic Games. Data on 567 injuries and other illnesses of athletes treated at the on-site clinics were collected from the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee. Of these, 84 athletes who required outpatient care during the Games were registered for this survey. During the Olympic and Paralympic Games, 66 (8.3/1 000) and 18 (7.2/1 000) athletes, respectively, consulted external medical facilities...

BACKGROUND: Global temperatures are on the rise, leading to more frequent and severe heatwaves with associated health risks. Heat-related illnesses are an increasing threat for travellers to hot climate destinations. This study was designed to elucidate the interplay between increasing ambient temperatures, incidence of heat-related illnesses, and the effectiveness of mitigation strategies during the annual Hajj mass gathering over a 40-year period. METHODS: An observational study was conducted utilizing historical records spanning four decades of meteorological data, and the rates of heat stroke and heat exhaustion during the Hajj pilgrimage in Mecca, Saudi Arabia...

BACKGROUND: Heatstroke is a life-threatening disease clinically characterized by central nervous system dysfunction, multiorgan failure, and extreme hyperthermia. There are no reports about eye involvement in heat stroke. Here, we report a rare case of multilayered retinal hemorrhages in a patient with heatstroke. CASE PRESENTATION: A 55-year-old male with a one-month history of blurry vision in both eyes presented at our department after suffering from heatstroke...

Machine learning models are increasingly being used to estimate "brain age" from neuroimaging data. The gap between chronological age and the estimated brain age gap (BAG) is potentially a measure of accelerated and resilient brain aging. Brain age calculated in this fashion has been shown to be associated with mortality, measures of physical function, health, and disease. Here, we estimate the BAG using a voxel-based elastic net regression approach, and then, we investigate its associations with mortality, cognitive status, and measures of health and disease in participants from Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study who had a brain MRI at visit 5 of the study...

The Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) convened an expert panel in 2011 to develop a set of evidence-based guidelines for the recognition, prevention, and treatment of heat illness. The current panel retained 5 original members and welcomed 2 new members, all of whom collaborated remotely to provide an updated review of the classifications, pathophysiology, evidence-based guidelines for planning and preventive measures, and recommendations for field- and hospital-based therapeutic management of heat illness. These recommendations are graded based on the quality of supporting evidence and the balance between the benefits and risks or burdens for each modality...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the shift in medical volunteers' perception and practice surrounding exertional heat stroke (EHS) prehospital management after the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. METHODS: An online survey was sent to medical volunteers assigned to work at high EHS risk events during the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. Surveys were sent at the time of initial training, immediately after the Games, and one year after the Games. The survey investigated medical volunteers' perceptions and practices regarding the assessment of rectal temperature and the use of whole-body cold water immersion (CWI) as prehospital management of EHS...

OBJECTIVE: Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition that is characterized by body temperatures above 40 °C and central nervous system dysfunction. Immediate cooling is imperative to prevent irreversible cellular damage and improve patient outcomes. Here, we report two cases of heat stroke that highlight the use of a novel cooling suit (CarbonCool®) as a rapid cooling intervention administered in the prehospital setting, primarily focusing on patients with classic heat stroke...

IMPORTANCE: Previous studies have demonstrated the associations of daily high temperature with hospitalizations and mortality from ischemic stroke, but the hourly association of ambient heat and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) onset has been rarely examined. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between hourly high ambient temperature and the onset of AIS. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted using a nationwide registry that collects data from more than 200 stroke centers in China...

Accurate and reliable air temperature forecasts are necessary for predicting and responding to thermal disasters such as heat strokes. Forecasts from Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models contain biases which require post-processing. Studies assessing the skill of probabilistic post-processing techniques (PPTs) on temperature forecasts in India are lacking. This study aims to evaluate probabilistic post-processing approaches such as Nonhomogeneous Gaussian Regression (NGR) and Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) for improving daily temperature forecasts from two NWP models, namely, the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS), across the Indian subcontinent...

BACKGROUND: Among individuals with prior exertional heat illness (EHI), heat tolerance testing (HTT) may inform risk and return to duty/activity. However, little is known about HTT's predictive validity, particularly for EHI recurrence. Our project sought to demonstrate the predictive validity of HTT in EHI recurrence and HTT's utility as a diagnostic tool in exertional heat stroke (EHS). METHODS: Participants with prior EHS were recruited for the study by a physician's referral and were classified as heat tolerant or intolerant after completing demographics and an HTT...

INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) presents significant global health and economic challenges, contributing to complications such as stroke, cardiovascular disease, kidney dysfunction, and cancer. The current review explores the crucial role of mitochondria, essential for fuel metabolism, in diabetes-related processes. AREAS COVERED: Mitochondrial deficits impact insulin-resistant skeletal muscles, adipose tissue, liver, and pancreatic β-cells, affecting glucose and lipid balance...

In recent years, global warming has led to frequent instances of extremely high temperatures during summer, arousing significant concern about the adverse effects of high temperature. Among these, heat stroke is the most serious, which has detrimental effects on the all organs of human body, especially on brain. However, the comprehensive pathogenesis leading to brain damage remains unclear. In this study, we constructed a mouse model of heat stroke and conducted multi-omics profiling to identify relevant pathogenesis induced by heat stroke...

Testicular hyperthermia has been noted in men who work in high ambient temperatures. Scrotal temperatures above the normal range caused germ cell loss in the testes and resulted in male subfertility. In adult male rats, exercising at a higher environmental temperature (36 °C with relative humidity of 50%, 52 min) caused exertional heat stroke (EHS) characterized by scrotal hyperthermia, impaired sperm quality, dysmorphology in testes, prostates and bladders, and erectile dysfunction. Here, we aim to ascertain whether hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBOP: 100% O2 at 2...

Climate change is widely recognized as one of the most significant challenges facing our planet and human civilization. Human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, leading to a warming of the Earth's climate. The relationship between climate change and cardiovascular (CV) health, mediated by air pollution and increased ambient temperatures, is complex and very heterogeneous. The main mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CV disease at extreme temperatures involve several regulatory pathways, including temperature-sympathetic reactivity, the cold-activated renin-angiotensin system, dehydration, extreme temperature-induced electrolyte imbalances, and heat stroke-induced systemic inflammatory responses...

INTRODUCTION: The research aimed to determine individual variations in different core temperature measurements before the experiment, after submersion, after 20 min of exposure for heat stroke. METHODS: Rats were divided into three groups depending on the temperature and length of exposure to water: CG, G41-20 and G41-UD. The protocol was made according to the earlier described methodology of heat shock induction. RESULTS: A significant difference was observed in the G41-UD group; p < 0...

Interest in the health consequences of climate change (global warming, heatwaves) has increased in the neurological community. This review addresses the impact of elevated ambient temperatures and heatwaves on patients with neurological and mental health disorders, including multiple sclerosis, synucleinopathies, dementia, epilepsies, mental health, and stroke. Patients with such conditions are highly vulnerable during heatwaves because of functional disorders affecting sleep, thermoregulation, autonomic system reactivity, mood, and cognitive ability...

Climate change has led to an increase in high ambient temperatures, causing extreme heat events worldwide. According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), July 2023 marked a historic milestone as the Earth reached its hottest recorded temperature, precisely hitting the critical threshold of 1.5 °C set by the Paris Agreement. This distressing development led to a stark warning from the United Nations, signaling the dawn of what they call "an era of global boiling". The increasing global temperatures can result in high heat stress which leads to various physiological and biochemical alterations in the human body...

Heat stroke (HS) is a severe medical condition characterized by a systemic inflammatory response that may precipitate multi-organ dysfunction, with a particular predilection for inducing profound central nervous system impairments. We aim to employ bioinformatics techniques for the retrieval and analysis of genes associated with heat stroke-induced neurological damage. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the GSE64778 dataset from the Sequence Read Archive, resulting in the identification of 1178 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Ischaemic encephalopathy is a common cerebrovascular disease caused by insufficient blood supply to the cerebral vessels. The ischaemic encephalopathy is closely associated with the development of many chronic diseases such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes. Neurotrophic therapy has become the main therapeutic strategy for ischaemic encephalopathy. However, neurotrophic drugs only slightly recover the neurological function of patients, and their long-term efficacy is uncertain...