npy and bone

PURPOSE: Spinal multiple myeloma (MM) and metastases are two common cancer types with similar imaging characteristics, for which differential diagnosis is needed to ensure precision therapy. The aim of this study is to establish radiomics models for effective differentiation between them. METHODS: Enrolled in this study were 263 patients from two medical institutions, including 127 with spinal MM and 136 with spinal metastases. Of them, 210 patients from institution I were used as the internal training cohort and 53 patients from Institution II were used as the external validation cohort...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction (BZD) are an herbal compound commonly used to treat osteoarthritis (OA) in China. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to verify the mechanism of Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction in relieving the pain of knee osteoarthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Network pharmacology evaluation was used to discover the potential targets of BZD to relieve pain in KOA. The therapeutic effects of BZD treatment on KOA pain using histomorphology, behavioral assessments, suspension chip analysis, and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) assays...

Microgravity is the primary factor that affects human physiology in spaceflight, particularly bone loss and disturbances of the central nervous system. However, little is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms of these effects. Here, it is reported that in mice hindlimb unloading stimulates expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the hypothalamus, resulting in bone loss and altered fat metabolism. Enhanced expression of TH and NPY in the hypothalamus occurs downstream of a reduced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-mediated ascending interoceptive signaling of the skeletal interoception...

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is often accompanied by neuroendocrine changes in the hypothalamus, which closely associates with the microbial diversity, community composition, and intestinal metabolites of gut microbiota (GM). With the emerging role of GM in bone metabolism, a potential neuroendocrine signal neuropeptide Y (NPY) mediated brain-gut-bone axis has come to light. Herein, it is reported that exogenous overexpression of NPY reduced bone formation, damaged bone microstructure, and up-regulated the expressions of pyroptosis-related proteins in subchondral cancellous bone in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, but Y1 receptor antagonist (Y1Ra) reversed these changes...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint disorder, with pain accompanied by functional impairment, as the most pronounced clinical symptom. Currently used pharmacotherapy involves symptomatic treatment that do not always provide adequate pain relief. This may be due to concomitance of central sensitization and development of neuropathic features in OA patients. Here we performed studies in the animal model of OA to investigate of the neuropathic component. Intraarticular injection of monoiodoacetate (MIA, 1 mg) was used to induce OA in Wistar male rats...

BACKGROUND: Lack of exercise is often a major cause of chronic disease. Osteoporosis (OP) is a chronic disease with multifactorial co-morbidity. Baduanjin (BDJ) exercise may be a powerful tool for modifying risk factors. The aim is to provide more evidence about the effectiveness of BDJ exercise in improving pain and balance ability in patients with OP. METHODS: In the prospective randomized controlled trial, 160 participants will be recruited and randomized to the treatment group (BDJ exercise combined with Calcium carbonate and D3) or the control group (Calcium carbonate and D3) at 1:1 ratio...

The impact of obesity upon bone metabolism is controversial since both beneficial or harmful effects have been reported. Bone remodeling is modulated by the central nervous system through cytokines, hormones and neuromodulators. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects evoked by bilateral retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (rWAT) denervation (Dnx) upon bone mineral metabolism and remodeling in an experimental model of obesity in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed during 18 weeks with high-fat diet (HFD) or standard diet (SD) as controls, and rWAT Dnx or Sham surgery was performed at the 14th week...

OBJECTIVE: One of leptin's main targets in the hypothalamus are neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons, with selective deletion of leptin receptors (Lepr) specifically in Npy neurons resulting in major alterations of energy partitioning between fat and bone mass. However, the specific action of these Npy+/Lepr+ neurons compared to Npy-negative Lepr (Npy-/Lepr+) neurons in regard to energy homeostasis regulation is unknown. METHODS: Specific AAV viral vectors were generated using DREADD and INTRSECT technology and used in male LeprCre/+ and LeprCre/+ ;NpyFlp/+ mice to assess the effect of activating either all Lepr neurons or specifically Npy+/Lepr+ or Npy-/Lepr+ neurons only on feeding, energy homeostasis control, and body composition...

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a widespread hormone in the central and peripheral nervous systems that maintains body homeostasis. Central actions of hypothalamic NPY have been identified in bone metabolism. Osteocytes are the main source of NPY in bone tissue, indicating that osteocytic NPY could be a local alternative pathway for hypothalamic-mediated regulation of bone and bone cells. Here, we show that osteocytic NPY induces cell viability and proliferation. Osteocyte-derived factors are also closely associated with changes in cellular NPY mRNA levels...

Multiple factors regulate the regeneration of craniofacial bone defects. The nervous system is recognized as one of the critical regulators of bone mass, thereby suggesting a role for neuronal pathways in bone regeneration. However, in the context of craniofacial bone regeneration, little is known about the interplay between the nervous system and craniofacial bone. Sensory and sympathetic nerves interact with the bone through their neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, proteins, peptides, and amino acid derivates...

Physis is a complex cartilaginous structure that is critical for longitudinal bone growth. As one of the endocrine-disrupting chemicals, bisphenol A (BPA) can interfere with the physis by deranging the complex networks of nutritional, cellular, paracrine, and endocrine factors, and this affects longitudinal bone growth, leading to different growth outcomes. However, the exact mechanisms underlying these phenomena remain unclear. Therefore, understanding the molecular pathways involved in the physis after neonatal exposure to low-dose BPA may permit the identification of research targets for therapeutics, which may aid in modulating the process of growth plate closure...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of midazolam on pain in lumbar disc herniation model rats based on p38 MAPK signaling pathway. METHODS: Fifty SPF-grade Sprague-Dawley healthy rats, half male and half female, were selected and randomly divided into normal group, model group, and low-dose, medium-dose, high-dose groups. Model group and low-dose, medium-dose, high-dose groups were initially modeled for lumbar disc herniation. Intraperitoneal injection of saline was performed in rats of normal and model groups; and in the low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups, intraperitoneal injection of midazolam was performed with doses of 30, 60, and 90 mg/kg, respectively...

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Peripheral neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been reported to regulate bone metabolism and homeostasis; however, its potential roles in growth plate chondrogenesis remain unclear. Here, we found that NPY expression decreased during chondrocyte differentiation in vitro and in vivo. NPY was required for chondrocyte proliferation; in contrast, knockdown of NPY facilitated chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation. Administration of recombinant NPY in rat chondrocytes and metatarsal bones uncoupled normal proliferation and hypertrophic differentiation during chondrogenesis and thereby inhibited growth plate chondrogenesis and longitudinal bone growth...

PURPOSE: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a pleiotropic peptide, which is involved in many biological mechanisms important in regulation of cell growth and survival. The aim of this study was a comprehensive analysis of the NPY system in prostate pathology. METHODS: The study was based on immunohistochemical analysis of NPY and its receptors, Y1R, Y2R and Y5R, in tissue samples from benign prostate (BP), primary prostate cancer (PCa) and PCa bone metastases. Tissue microarray (TMA) technique was employed, with analysis of multiple cores from each specimen...

Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-Y1 receptor (Y1R) signaling is known to negatively affect bone anabolism. Our study aimed at investigating the impact of NPY-Y1R signaling in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Femoral heads were retrieved from 20 patients with and without ONFH, respectively. The bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from ONFH femoral heads were treated with Y1R agonists and antagonists for subsequent analysis. We showed that the local NPY expression level was lower in ONFH heads...

The neuropeptide Y(NPY) mediates bone metabolism and the degradation of cartilage in the peripheral nervous system. However, its role in the intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is less clear and warrant further study. The process of IDD has always been accompanied by inflammatory response and pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between NPY, Y1R, Y2R and pyroptosis in aging and degenerative discs and the direct effect of NPY on NPCs. First, we have assessed NPY, Y1R, Y2R and the expression of pyroptosis related protein in the immature (6 weeks), mature (16 weeks), aged (54 weeks), and degenerated discs...

Objective: To investigate the effect of annular external fixator-assisted bone transport in the treatment of traumatic massive bone defect of tibia on clinical healing, pain stress, and joint function. Methods: From January 2018 to November 2021, 146 patients with traumatic massive bone defect of tibia were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into observation group (annular external fixator-assisted bone transport, 71 cases) and control group (unilateral external fixator bone lengthening, 75 cases) according to different surgical methods...

Adverse prognosis in Ewing sarcoma (ES) is associated with the presence of metastases, particularly in bone, tumor hypoxia and chromosomal instability (CIN). Yet, a mechanistic link between these factors remains unknown. We demonstrate that in ES, tumor hypoxia selectively exacerbates bone metastasis. This process is triggered by hypoxia-induced stimulation of the neuropeptide Y (NPY)/Y5 receptor (Y5R) pathway, which leads to RhoA over-activation and cytokinesis failure. These mitotic defects result in the formation of polyploid ES cells, the progeny of which exhibit high CIN, an ability to invade and colonize bone, and a resistance to chemotherapy...

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most abundant and ubiquitously expressed neuropeptides in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, and its regulatory effects on feed intake and appetite- have been extensively studied in a wide variety of animals, including mammalian and non-mammalian species. Indeed, NPY has been shown to be involved in the regulation of feed intake and energy homeostasis by exerting stimulatory effects on appetite and feeding behavior in several species including chickens, rabbits, rats and mouse...