Posttraumatic osteoarthritis

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine for which the levels in plasma demonstrate a robust correlation with age and body mass index (BMI) as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. IL-6 cytokines also play a crucial role in metabolic homeostasis and regenerative processes, primarily via the canonical STAT3 pathway. Thus, selective modulation of IL-6 signaling may offer a unique opportunity for therapeutic interventions. Recently, we discovered that a non-canonical signaling pathway downstream of tyrosine (Y) 814 within the intracellular domain of gp130, the IL-6 co-receptor, is responsible for the recruitment and activation of SRC family of kinases (SFK)...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a gene transfer approach to IL-1β inhibition in an equine osteochondral chip fragment model of joint injury using a self-complementary adeno-associated virus with interleukin receptor antagonist transgene cassette (scAAVIL-1ra), as posttraumatic osteoarthritis in horses, similar to people, is a significant clinical problem. ANIMALS: 16 horses were utilized for the study. METHODS: All horses had an osteochondral chip fragment induced arthroscopically in one middle carpal joint while the contralateral joint was sham operated...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the presence of early degenerative changes on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 24 months after a traumatic meniscal tear and to compare these changes in patients treated with arthroscopic partial meniscectomy or physical therapy plus optional delayed arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. DESIGN: We included patients aged 18-45 years with a recent onset, traumatic, MRI verified, isolated meniscal tear without radiographic osteoarthritis. Patients were randomized to arthroscopic partial meniscectomy or standardized physical therapy with optional delayed arthroscopic partial meniscectomy...

PURPOSE: The aims of the present study were (1) to evaluate the survival of patellofemoral joint (PFJ) arthroplasty in a large cohort of patients using data obtained from an Italian regional arthroplasty registry and (2) to collect clinical outcomes of a subgroup of patients, with a minimum follow-up of 4 years. The hypotheses were that PFJ arthroplasty is a procedure that had good survival and clinical outcomes, not inferior to those reported in the literature for primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA)...

Background: An osteochondral defect in the hip can be a painful and limiting pathologic process. The damaged joint may progress into premature osteoarthritis, further limiting a patient's functionality. Case Report: A 24-year-old male presented to the clinic with left hip pain. The patient had been involved in a motor vehicle accident 3 years prior to presentation to our clinic. His injury from the high-speed accident required intramedullary rod fixation for a right-sided (contralateral) subtrochanteric femur fracture...

OBJECTIVE: Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by articular cartilage erosion, pathological subchondral bone changes, and signs of synovial inflammation and pain. We previously identified p[63-82], a bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7)-derived bioactive peptide that attenuates structural cartilage degeneration in the rat medial meniscal tear-model for posttraumatic OA. This study aimed to evaluate the cartilage erosion-attenuating activity of p[63-82] in a different preclinical model for OA (anterior cruciate ligament transection-partial medial meniscectomy [anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-pMMx])...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether and how a single traumatic impact changes the mechanical properties of talar articular cartilage. DESIGN: A marble was placed on the joint surface and a weight was dropped on both medial and lateral caprine talus to create a well-defined single focal impact. The mechanical properties of intact and impacted talar cartilage were measured with a micro-indenter. Elastic (storage) and viscous (loss) moduli were determined by oscillatory ramp and dynamic mechanical analysis protocols...

CONTEXT: Slower habitual walking speed and aberrant gait biomechanics are linked to clinically significant knee-related symptoms and articular cartilage composition changes linked to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). OBJECTIVE: To determine specific gait biomechanical variables that can accurately identify individuals with clinically significant knee-related symptoms post-ACLR, and the corresponding threshold values, sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratios for each biomechanical variable...

BACKGROUND: Fractures of the navicular bone are rare and the number of those treated surgically is even smaller. Moreover, scientific analyses on this topic are only sporadically present in the literature, therefore this retrospective and monocentric study was initiated. METHODS: A total of 30 patients with 30 fractures were included. With the exception of one primary fusion, all patients underwent open reduction with internal osteosynthesis. Clinical and radiological follow-up was performed at least 2 years postoperatively using AOFAS-Score, SF-12 and a radiological examination...

PURPOSE: The prognosis of total hip replacement (THR) after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) versus THR following non-operative treatment of acetabular fractures is unclear. Few studies have been conducted in this regard. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to perform an assessment and compare the functional outcomes for study subjects in the ORIF and non-ORIF groups during the follow-up period compared to baseline. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This longitudinal comparative study, which included 40 patients who underwent THR for either posttraumatic arthritis after fixation of an acetabular fracture or arthritis following conservative management of a fracture, was conducted for 60 months...

BACKGROUND: Conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) includes a variety of operations and prior implants. The implant present before conversion may influence the outcome and complexity of the procedure. The group hypothesized that conversion arthroplasty for patients with intramedullary nails (IMNs) is more complex from a surgical and resource utilization perspective than for those with screw fixation. METHODS: THA conversion cases were reviewed retrospectively from 2012 to 2020 from 6 surgeons across 3 institutions...

Background Ankle fractures constitute 10% of all traumatic fractures in clinical practice. Concurrent tibiotalar dislocations form 21-36% of all ankle fractures. Although mechanism of injury is similar to non-dislocated ankle fractures, fracture-dislocations cause more extensive bone and soft tissue damage. Treatment is a challenge for orthopedic surgeons due to concomitant pathologies. It is associated with malreduction, chronic pain and most importantly, posttraumatic osteoarthritis. We aimed to investigate the relationship between ankle osteoarthritis radiographic stage and clinical outcomes...

BACKGROUND: Type C3 distal tibial plafond fractures consistently show poor outcomes with high complication rates and significant risk of posttraumatic arthritis. We describe a minimally invasive technique of performing a primary ankle fusion using an anterograde tibial nail and compare our early results to traditional methods of fixation. METHODS: During the acute admission, the patient undergoes an arthroscopic preparation of the ankle joint and insertion of an anterograde nail into the talus...

BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic osteonecrosis (ON) of the lateral distal tibia is a rare but severe complication of malleolar fractures. Treatment options include ankle fusion, arthroplasty, osteotomy, and drilling but clinical data on outcomes are limited to single case reports. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the outcome following joint-preserving reconstruction. METHODS: Over a 10-year period, 10 patients (8 females and 2 males, average age 36 years; range, 27-68 years) with posttraumatic ON were treated with intra-articular osteotomy of the distal tibia and bone grafting...

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to compare the patient and fracture characteristics, radiological, functional, and quality of life outcomes; the need for a lateral window approach and requirement of total hip arthroplasty; and complications in patients with simple and complex acetabular fractures who underwent a modified Stoppa approach through vertical and Pfannenstiel incisions. DESIGN: This was a retrospective comparison study. SETTING: Level 1 trauma center...

BACKGROUND: Concerns have arisen that anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) may accelerate the development of posttraumatic osteoarthritis in the lateral compartment of the knee. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the augmentation of ACLR with LET affects the quality of lateral compartment articular cartilage on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 2 years postoperatively. We hypothesized that there would be no difference in T1rho and T2 relaxation times when comparing ACLR alone with ACLR + LET...

PURPOSE: Strong observational evidence has linked changes in limb loading during walking following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). It remains unknown if manipulating peak loading influences joint tissue biochemistry. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine whether manipulating peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) during gait influences changes in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP) concentrations in ACLR participants...

INTRODUCTION: Patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury are at high risk of posttraumatic osteoarthritis and their response to reconstructive surgery and rehabilitation vary. Proteins identified in the orchestration of the acute inflammatory response may be predictive of patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE: An unbiased, bottom-up proteomics approach was used to discover novel targets for therapeutics in relation to dysregulation in the orchestration of inflammatory pathways implicated in persistent joint inflammation subsequent to joint trauma...

Posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis (PTAO) causes severe ankle and adjacent joint morbidity. We aimed to compare the treatment efficacy of previously tried and still applied intra-articular injections and oral methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) at functional and histopathological level in PTAO animal model. Thirty-two adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (Group 1: Control, Group 2: 0.06 g/kg/day MSM, Group 3: 0.04 mg/µL methylprednisolone [MP], Group 4: 0.04 mg/µL hyaluronic acid [HA])...

Management of elbow arthritis in younger and higher demand patients is challenging and may benefit from a distal humerus hemiarthroplasty that employs a noncemented method of implant fixation and stabilizes the elbow through ligament reconstruction. By not replacing both articulating surfaces, hardware longevity may be improved. We describe a novel system that may be indicated for the treatment of posttraumatic or primary osteoarthritis of the distal humerus. The step-by-step technique for surgical implantation of this uncemented distal humerus hemiarthroplasty is described and illustrated...