Raman crystallinity

Modulating the band gap of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) semiconductors is critical for their application in a wider spectral range. Alloying has been demonstrated as an effective method for regulating the band gap of 2D TMDC semiconductors. The fabrication of large-area 2D TMDC alloy films with centimeter-scale uniformity is fundamental to the application of integrated devices. Herein, we report a liquid-phase precursor one-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method for fabricating a Mo x W1- x S2 alloy monolayer with a large size and an adjustable band gap...

Among numerous biologically important metal cations, strontium (Sr2+ ) has received much attention in bone tissue regeneration because of its osteoinductive properties combined with its ability to inhibit osteoclast activity. In this study, strontium-doped hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) nanorods with varying molar ratios of Ca : Sr (10 : 0, 9 : 1, 5 : 5, 3 : 7 and 0 : 10) were synthesized using the chemical precipitation technique...

Recent advances in detection and diagnostic tools have improved understanding and identification of plant physiological and biochemical processes. Effective and safe Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) can find objects quickly and accurately. Raman enhancement amplifies the signal by 1014 -1015 to accurately quantify plant metabolites at the molecular level. This paper shows how to use functionalized perovskite substrates for SERS. These perovskite substrates have lots of surface area, intense Raman scattering, and high sensitivity and specificity...

This study introduces an innovative method for synthesizing Cadmium Oxide /Cadmium Sulfide/Zinc Oxide heterostructures (CdO/CdS/ZnO), emphasizing their potential application in solar energy. Utilizing a combination of electrochemical deposition and oxygen annealing, the research provides a thorough analysis of the heterostructures through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The findings reveal a complex surface morphology and a composite structure with significant contributions from hexagonal CdS and cubic CdO phases...

The application of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has been confined to packaging applications due to its inadequate mechanical and tribological characteristics. We propose enhancing LDPE by integrating hard carbon spheres (CSs) to improve its strength, frictional characteristics, and wear resistance. LDPE/CS composites were created by blending LDPE with varying CS amounts (0.5-8 wt.%). Analysis using scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy confirmed CS presence in the LDPE matrix, with X-ray diffraction showing no microstructural changes post-blending...

The huge demand for natural fibers necessitates the search for non-traditional bioresources including invasive species which are deteriorating the ecosystem and biodiversity. The study aims to utilize Pueraria montana weed for the extraction of lignocellulosic fiber using both traditional (water retting) and chemical extraction methods to determine the better extraction method. Chemically extracted fiber showed 17.09 g/tex bundle strength whereas water-extracted fiber showed 11.7 g/tex bundle strength...

The synthesis and characterization of ReS2 nanodots (NDs) are detailed, by highlighting their structure, morphological, and optical properties. ReS2 NDs were synthesized using NH4 ReO4 as a rhenium source, thiourea as a sulfur source, and N-acetyl cysteine as a capping agent. The synthesis involved the hydrothermal reaction of these precursors, leading to the nucleation and growth of ReS2 NDs. Characterization techniques including transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the formation of ReS2 NDs with a spherical morphology, crystalline structure, and rich sulfur sites...

Polyaniline (PANI) constitutes a very propitious conductive polymer utilized in several biomedical, as well as environmental applications, including tissue engineering, catalysis, and photocatalysis, due to its unique properties. In this study, nano-PANI/N-TiO2 and nano-PANI/Ag-TiO2 photocatalytic composites were fabricated via aniline's oxidative polymerization, while the Ag-and N-chemically modified TiO2 nanopowders were synthesized through the sol-gel approach. All produced materials were fully characterized...

The modification of nanodiamond (ND) surfaces has significant applications in sensing devices, drug delivery, bioimaging, and tissue engineering. Precise control of the diamond phase composition and bond configurations during ND processing and surface finalization is crucial. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the graphitization process in various types of hydrogenated NDs, considering differences in ND size and quality. We prepared three types of hydrogenated NDs: high-pressure high-temperature NDs (HPHT ND-H; 0-30 nm), conventional detonation nanodiamonds (DND-H; ~5 nm), and size- and nitrogen-reduced hydrogenated nanodiamonds (snr-DND-H; 2-3 nm)...

Ice has been suggested to have played a significant role in the origin of life partly owing to its ability to concentrate organic molecules and promote reaction efficiency. However, the techniques for studying organic molecules in ice are absorption-based, which limits the sensitivity of measurements. Here we introduce an emission-based method to study organic molecules in water ice: the phosphorescence displays high sensitivity depending on the hydration state of an organic salt probe, acridinium iodide (ADI)...

Compositional tuning of layered perovskite oxides provides a means of systematically studying how local distortions affect fundamental aspects of electrochemical reaction pathways. Structural analysis of a family of samples La1.2 Sr0.8 Ni1- y Co y O4 shows that Ni-rich compositions have an expanded crystalline c axis, which is anisotropically compressed by systematic Co incorporation. Raman spectra reveal the strong growth of a symmetry forbidden mode, which suggests that Co acts through localized distortions...

In this context, we have reexamined the acoustical shock wave-induced amorphous-glassy-crystalline-amorphous phase transitions in the Li2 SO4 sample under 0, 1, 2, and 3 shocked conditions by implementing the detailed Raman spectroscopic approach. The recorded Raman spectroscopic data clearly reveal that the transition from the amorphous-glassy-crystalline state occurs because of a significant reduction of the translational disorder of lithium cations, particularly [Li (2)] ions wherein a slight reduction of the librational disorder of SO4 anions takes place, whereas the crystalline to amorphous transition occurs only at the third shocked condition because of the librational disorder of SO4 anions...

We present a detailed study on the temperature-dependent THz spectra of the polycrystalline amino acids, L-serine and L-cysteine, for wavenumbers from 20 to 120 cm-1 and temperatures from 4 to 300 K. Even though the structure of these two amino acids is very similar, with a sulfur atom in the side chain of cysteine instead of an oxygen atom in serine, the excitation spectra are drastically different. Obviously, the vibrational dynamics strongly depend on the ability of cysteine to form sulfur-hydrogen bonds...

With the advent of the modern era, there is a huge demand for memristor-based neuromorphic computing hardware to overcome the von Neumann bottleneck in traditional computers. Here, we have prepared two-dimensional titanium carbide (Ti3 C2 T x ) MXene following the conventional HF etching technique in solution. After confirmation of Ti3 C2 T x properties by Raman scattering and crystallinity measurements, high-quality thin-film deposition is realized using an immiscible liquid-liquid interfacial growth technique...

Layered metal oxychalcogenide materials have gained significant attention in recent years due to their numerous applications in various emerging fields. The bismuth (Bi) based ternary and quaternary oxychalcogenide materials have become popular due to their excellent potential in optoelectronic, thermoelectric, and semiconducting applications. Adding copper (Cu) to these building matrices has enhanced their usefulness in various ways. In this work, Bi and Cu-based ternary and quaternary layered oxytellurides are synthesized using a unique, rarely used "microwave (MW) assisted method," and their temperature and laser power-dependent Raman measurements are carried out...

The utilization of lithium slag (LS), a solid waste generated during the production of lithium carbonate, poses challenges due to its high sulfur content. This study presents a novel approach to enhancing the value of LS by employing alkali fusion and hydrothermal synthesis techniques to produce zeolite A at low temperatures. The synthesis of high-purity and crystalline lithium-slag-based zeolite A (LSZ) at 60 °C is reported for the first time in this research. The phase, morphology, particle size, and structure of LSZ were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption, and UV Raman spectroscopy, respectively...

Metal-based chalcogenides exhibit great promise for overall water splitting, yet their intrinsic catalytic reaction mechanisms remain to be fully understood. In this work, we employed operando X-ray absorption (XAS) and in situ Raman spectroscopy to elucidate the structure-activity relationships of low-crystalline cobalt sulfide (L-CoS) catalysts toward overall water splitting. The operando results for L-CoS catalyzing the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) demonstrate that the cobalt centers in the bulk are predominantly coordinated by sulfur atoms, which undergo a kinetic structural rearrangement to generate metallic cobalt in S-Co-Co-S moieties as the true catalytic active species...

PtSe2 has asserted its key role among the emerging 2D transition metal dichalcogenides, however, its simplified growth process with controlled number of layers, high crystalline quality, and on inexpensive substrates is still challenging. Here, we report the synthesis details of PtSe2 layers on soda lime glass substrates by selenization of predeposited Pt layers using the thermally assisted conversion method at atmospheric pressure. PtSe2 syntheses are confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman analysis...

The advancement of laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology has streamlined the fabrications of flexible graphene devices. However, the ultrafast kinetics triggered by laser irradiation generates intrinsic amorphous characteristics, leading to high resistivity and compromised performance in electronic devices. Healing graphene defects in specific patterns is technologically challenging by conventional methods. Herein, we report the rapid rectification of LIG's topological defects by flash Joule heating in milliseconds (referred to as F-LIG), whilst preserving its overall structure and porosity...

The prospect of creating ferroelectric or high permittivity nanomaterials provides motivation for investigating complex transition metal oxides of the form Ba(Ti, MV)O3, where M = Nb or Ta. Solid state processing typically produces mixtures of crystalline phases, rarely beyond minimally doped Nb/Ta. Using a modified sol-gel method, we prepared single phase nanocrystals of Ba(Ti, M)O3. Compositional and elemental analysis puts the empirical formulas close to BaTi0.5Nb0.5O3-δ and BaTi0.5Ta0.5O3-δ...