Metastatic colorectal cancer

Metastasis poses a major challenge in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment and remains a primary cause of mortality among patients with CRC. Recent investigations have elucidated the involvement of disrupted gut microbiota homeostasis in various facets of CRC metastasis, exerting a pivotal influence in shaping the metastatic microenvironment, triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and so on. Moreover, therapeutic interventions targeting the gut microbiota demonstrate promise in enhancing the efficacy of conventional treatments for metastatic CRC (mCRC), presenting novel avenues for mCRC clinical management...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) tumors are composed of heterogeneous and plastic cell populations, including a pool of cancer stem cells that express LGR5. Whether these distinct cell populations display different mechanical properties, and how these properties might contribute to metastasis is poorly understood. Using CRC patient derived organoids (PDOs), we find that compared to LGR5- cells, LGR5+ cancer stem cells are stiffer, adhere better to the extracellular matrix (ECM), move slower both as single cells and clusters, display higher nuclear YAP, show a higher survival rate in response to mechanical confinement, and form larger transendothelial gaps...

This study investigates the impact of clinical trial eligibility criteria on patient survival and serious adverse events (SAEs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) drug trials using real-world data. We utilized the OneFlorida+ network's data repository, conducting a retrospective analysis of CRC patients receiving FDA-approved first-line metastatic treatments. Propensity score matching created balanced case-control groups, which were evaluated using survival analysis and machine learning algorithms to assess the effects of eligibility criteria...

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a fatal complication associated with chemotherapy. We herein report a case of TLS in a 73-year-old woman with metastatic BRAFV600E mutated colon cancer after she received combined treatment with cetuximab and encorafenib. The serum uric acid, urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels were elevated on day four of the first cycle. The fibrin degradation product (FDP) and D-dimer levels were also high. Diuresis and rasburicase were initiated for TLS, and the laboratory data all normalized on day 8...

BACKGROUND: Advances in surgical techniques and systemic treatments have increased the likelihood of achieving radical surgery and long-term survival in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs). Nonetheless, roughly half of the patients resected after an upfront systemic therapy experience disease relapse within 6 months from surgery, thus leading to the question whether surgery is actually beneficial for these patients...

Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is still in need of effective treatments. This study applies a holistic approach to propose new targets for treatment of primary and liver metastatic CRC and investigates their therapeutic potential in-vitro. An integrative analysis of primary and metastatic CRC samples was implemented for alternative target and treatment proposals. Integrated microarray samples were grouped based on a co-expression network analysis. Significant gene modules correlated with primary CRC and metastatic phenotypes were identified...

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Numb chin syndrome (NCS) is hypesthesia of the mandible and lower lip caused by damage to the inferior alveolar or mandibular nerves, commonly due to dental treatment or osteomyelitis, but occasionally caused by malignant tumors. We report the case of a male in his 60s. He came to our hospital with a chief complaint of mandibular pain and paresthesia in the right side of the mental region. He had noticed swelling of the left mandible one month before the initial visit and strong hypesthesia of the right side of the mental region one week before the initial visit...

BACKGROUND: Seldom have the associations of preoperative CEA (p-CEA) and recurrent CEA (r-CEA) levels as well as changes in p-CEA and r-CEA with survival in patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer (CRC) who have experienced metastatic relapse, been thoroughly examined. METHODS: 241 consecutive patients with stage I-III CRC who experienced metastatic relapse at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) between January 2008 and January 2016 were investigated...

Metastatic colon cancer remains an incurable disease, and it is difficult for existing treatments to achieve the desired clinical outcome, especially for colon cancer patients who have received first-line treatment. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated durable clinical efficacy in a variety of solid tumors, their response requires an inflammatory tumor microenvironment. However, microsatellite-stable ( MSS ) colon cancer, which accounts for the majority of colorectal cancers, is a cold tumor that does not respond well to ICIs...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The poor prognosis of this malignancy is attributed mainly to the persistent activation of cancer signaling for metastasis. Here, we showed that protein tyrosine phosphatase-like A domain containing 1 (PTPLAD1) is down-regulated in highly metastatic CRC cells and negatively associated with poor survival of CRC patients. Systematic analysis reveals that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mitochondrial fusion-to-fission (MFT) transition are two critical features for CRC patients with low expression of PTPLAD1...

Colorectal cancer represents the third most common cancer and about 20% are diagnosed with synchronous metastatic disease. From a historical point of view, surgery remains the mainstream treatment for resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Furthermore, disease outcomes are improving due significant advances in systemic treatments and diagnostic methods. However, the optimal timing for neoadjuvant chemotherapy or upfront surgery for CRLM has not yet been established and remains an open question. Thus, patient selection combining image workouts, time of recurrence, positive lymph nodes, and molecular biomarkers can improve the decision-making process...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The REgistry of Selective Internal radiation therapy in AsiaNs (RESIN) was a multicenter, single-arm, prospective, observational study of 90 Y resin microspheres in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) from Taiwan. RESIN is the first real-life clinical study of this therapy in an Asian cohort. Study objectives were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 90 Y resin microspheres. METHODS: Adults with HCC or mCRC scheduled to receive SIRT with 90 Y resin microspheres were included...

BACKGROUND: Targeted therapy (TT) with encorafenib and cetuximab is the current standard for patients with BRAFV600E -mutated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who received one or more prior systemic treatments. However, the median progression-free survival (mPFS) is ∼4 months, and little is known about the possibility of administering subsequent therapies, their efficacy, and clinicopathological determinants of outcome. METHODS: A real-world dataset including patients with BRAFV600E -mutated mCRC treated with TT at 21 Italian centers was retrospectively interrogated...

BACKGROUND: There are few molecular markers driving treatment selection in later lines of treatment for advanced colorectal cancer patients. The vast majority of patients who progress after first- and second-line therapy undergo chemotherapy regardless of molecular data. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the prognostic and predictive effects of specific RAS mutations on overall survival of patients receiving regorafenib (rego), trifluridine/tipiracil (TFD/TPI), or both...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Mean survival time (MST) is used as the indicator of prognosis in patients with a colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence. The present study aimed to visualize the changes in death risk after a CRC recurrence using hazard function analysis (HFA) to provide an alternative prognostic indicator to MST. METHODS: The medical records of 725 consecutive patients with a recurrence following R0 radical surgery for CRC were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The five-year, post-recurrence survival rate was 37...

BACKGROUNDS AND OBJECTIVES: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality both globally and in our country. In Turkey, we conducted a multicenter investigation into the effectiveness of second-line treatments and real-life data for patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (NCT04757311). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective analysis, records from 28 centers were collected, and histopathological, molecular, and clinical characteristics were documented...

Brain metastasis is a significant challenge for some breast cancer patients, marked by its aggressive nature, limited treatment options, and poor clinical outcomes. Immunotherapies have emerged as a promising avenue for brain metastasis treatment. B7-H3 (CD276) is an immune checkpoint molecule involved in T cell suppression, which is associated with poor survival in cancer patients. Given the increasing number of clinical trials using B7-H3 targeting CAR T cell therapies, we examined B7-H3 expression across breast cancer subtypes and in breast cancer brain metastases to assess its potential as an interventional target...

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Liver metastases will develop in over one-third of patients with colorectal cancer and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Even though surgical resection has been considered the mainstay of treatment, only approximately 20% of the patients are surgical candidates. Liver-directed locoregional therapies such as thermal ablation, Yttrium-90 transarterial radioembolization, and stereotactic body radiation therapy are pivotal in managing colorectal liver metastatic disease...

Colorectal cancer is the third-most-diagnosed cancer in males and in females, representing 8% of estimated new cases, and the third cause of cancer-related death in both sexes, accounting for 9% of cancer deaths in men and 8% in women. About 20% of patients diagnosed with CRC present metastatic disease. Although lung metachronous or synchronous metastatic spread without other involved sites has been reported in only a small proportion of patients, considering that this tumor is frequently diagnosed, the clinical approach to CRC pulmonary metastases represents a major issue for thoracic surgeons and CRC oncologists...