Stroke AND dysphagia

BACKGROUND: Dysphagia after stroke is common and can impact morbidity and death. The purpose of this population-based study was to determine specific epidemiological and health risk factors that impact development of dysphagia after acute stroke. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke cases from 2010 and 2015 were identified via chart review from the GCNKSS (Greater Cincinnati Northern Kentucky Stroke Study), a representative sample of ≈1.3 million adults from southwestern Ohio and northern Kentucky...

BACKGROUND: Swallowing impairment (dysphagia) and tracheostomy coexist. Research in this area has often provided an overview of dysphagia management as a whole, but there is limited information pertaining to specific dysphagia therapy in the tracheostomy population. The aim of this scoping review is to provide a detailed exploration of the literature with regard to dysphagia therapeutic interventions in adults with a tracheostomy. The scoping review will describe current evidence and thus facilitate future discussions to guide clinical practice...

BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) significantly impacts older individuals and neurologically compromised patients, hindering safe ingestion of food and liquids. Despite its prevalence, OD remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, leading to severe complications such as malnutrition, dehydration, respiratory infections, and aspiration pneumonia (AP), and increases hospital readmissions. OBJECTIVES: This study analyzes the intricate relationship between OD and various clinical complications in older individuals and patients with neurological disorders...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the correlation between lesion location and swallowing function characteristics in post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 133 PSD. The patients were divided into supratentorial and infratentorial stroke groups. We compared the measurements in the videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) with 3ml and 5 ml of diluted and thickened barium liquid data between supratentorial and brainstem stroke groups. We further compared the difference of VFSS measurements between patients with left hemispheric or right hemispheric lesions (further divided into unilateral hemispheric cortical and subcortical subgroups) and brianstem leison stroke group...

Dysphagia is often a long-term problem after ischemic stroke, which are often accompanied by complications and results in poor outcome. This study aimed to investigate the influencing factors associated with the prognosis of dysphagia after senile ischemic stroke and evaluate the diagnostic performance of crucial factors. A total of 192 elderly ischemic stroke patients (96 patients without dysphagia with average age of 69.81 ± 4.61 years and 96 patients with dysphagia with average of 70...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to the pharyngeal motor cortex has shown beneficial effects on poststroke dysphagia. Previous studies, however, using intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) for dysphagia have targeted the suprahyoid motor cortex. This study aimed to investigate the effects of iTBS to the pharyngeal motor cortex in patients with poststroke dysphagia, using ultrasound and videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS). A randomized controlled trial was conducted on patients with dysphagia due to a first-time unilateral stroke...

Swallowing is a complex process involving the precise contractions of numerous muscles of the head and neck, which act to process and shepherd ingested material from the oral cavity to its eventual destination, the stomach. Over the past five decades, information from animal and human studies has laid bare the complex network of neurones in the brainstem, cortex and cerebellum that are responsible for orchestrating each normal swallow. Amidst this complexity, problems can and often do occur that result in dysphagia, defined as impaired or disordered swallowing...

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Physiatrists play a vital role in post-stroke dysphagia management not only by providing guidance on the risks, benefits, and efficacy of various treatment options but also as advocates for patients' independence and quality of life. While swallow study results are often discussed broadly by acute stroke clinicians as "pass/fail" findings, physiatrists need a more nuanced working knowledge of dysphagia diagnosis and treatment that encompasses swallow pathophysiology, targeted treatment strategies, and prognosis for recovery...

BACKGROUND: Most stroke patients suffer from an imbalance in blood supply, which causes severe brain damage leading to functional deficits in motor, sensory, swallowing, cognitive, emotional, and speech functions. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is thought to restore functions impaired during the stroke process and improve the quality of life of stroke patients. However, the efficacy of rTMS in treating post-stroke function impairment varies significantly. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of the number of patients with effective rTMS in treating post-stroke dysfunction...

BACKGROUND: Nasogastric tube feeding (NG) has been widely used in patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke but is associated with a significant risk of complications including malnutrition and pneumonia. Intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding (IOE) can help alleviate these concerns. This study explored the clinical effect of IOE versus NG on nutritional status, swallowing function, stroke-associated pneumonia, and depression in patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke...

After a stroke, most patients have dysphagia, which can lead to aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, and adverse functional outcomes. Protective interventions aimed at reducing these complications remain the cornerstone of treatment. Dietary adjustments and oral hygiene help mitigate the risk of aspiration pneumonia, and nutritional supplementation, including tube feeding, might be needed to prevent malnutrition. Rehabilitative interventions aim to enhance swallowing function, with different behavioural strategies showing promise in small studies...

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of graded nutrition intervention strategy in improving patients with different degrees of impaired swallowing function after stroke. Methods: According to the way of nursing, the patients were divided into two group. The main outcome measure was Kota swallowing index (WSI) score, and the secondary outcome was complications during the intervention. SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the improvement of quality of life before and intervention. Results: The WSI score in the control group was 62...

BACKGROUND: Dysphagia, or swallowing dysfunction, is a commonly observed complication among stroke patients, which has been associated with increased mortality rates. The treatment of post-stroke dysphagia encompasses various therapeutic approaches, and Kinesio taping has recently emerged as a potentially effective intervention. This study aims to evaluate the potential benefits of Kinesio Tape in improving dysphagia symptoms in individuals who have experienced a stroke. METHODS: his study searched PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Medical Database, CBM, CNKI, and Wipro VIP databases...

BACKGROUND: Swallowing rehabilitation behavioral therapy and traditional Chinese acupuncture therapy are widely used in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia (PSD). This study investigated the therapeutic effect of electro-acupuncture combined with exercise-based swallowing rehabilitation on PSD and its effect on brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) and cerebral blood flow. METHODS: The 120 PSD patients were divided into 2 groups (n = 60 each) by simple random grouping method, that is, an experimental and control group, receiving routine swallowing training, or additional intervention with electro-acupuncture at a frequency of 5 times/week...

As the leading killer of life and health, stroke leads to limb paralysis, speech disorder, dysphagia, cognitive impairment, mental depression and other symptoms, which entail a significant financial burden to society and families. At present, physiology, clinical medicine, engineering, and materials science, advanced biomaterials standing on the foothold of these interdisciplinary disciplines provide new opportunities and possibilities for the cure of stroke. Among them, hydrogels have been endowed with more possibilities...

Tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome (TBS) is a variant of sick sinus syndrome (SSS) characterized by alternating tachycardia and bradycardia. A few cases of SSS secondary to structural lesions in the medulla have been reported, but there has never been a reported case of the rare sign akin to TBS following acute non-medullary brainstem infarction. Furthermore, new-onset cardiac arrhythmias in stroke often presented in one continuous pattern - either as bradycardia or tachycardia, but instances of an alternating fashion have been rarely reported...

BACKGROUND: Post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) is a common symptom of stroke. Clinical complications of PSD include malnutrition and pneumonia. Clinical studies have shown that high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) can improve the swallowing function in stroke patients. However, few studies have elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: A PSD rat model was established using transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO)...

Introduction：This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of cerebellar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the rehabilitation of post-stroke dysphagia (PSD). Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the application of cerebellar rTMS in the treatment of PSD...

AIM: To provide a comprehensive overview of how stroke nurses manage solid medication (SM) delivery to patients with post-stroke dysphagia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: A self-administered online survey was carried out among nurses in German-speaking countries between September and December 2021. RESULTS: Out of a total of 754 responses, analysis was conducted on 195 nurses who reported working on a stroke unit...