Eosinophillic Mastitis

Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a rare inflammatory breast disease with unknown etiology, characterized by non-caseous granulomatous inflammation of the lobules, which infiltrate lymphocytes, neutrophils, plasma cells, monocytes, and eosinophils may accompany. GLM is often misdiagnosed as breast cancer due to the lack of specificity in clinical and imaging examinations, and therefore histopathology is the main basis for confirming the diagnosis. This review provides an overview of the pathological features of granulomatous lobular mastitis and cystic neutrophil granulomatous mastitis (CNGM, a pathologic subtype of GLM)...

BACKGROUND: Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is often clinico-radiologically misdiagnosed as breast malignancy. Tuberculosis, foreign body reactions, fungal and parastic infections, and autoimmune diseases can cause GM. The present study aimed to assess the spectrum of GM on fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) smears along with its histopathological and clinico-radiological findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a retrospective study which included all cases of GM diagnosed on FNAB over a period of 3 years...

BACKGROUND: The etiology of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) has not been clearly established. However, autoimmunity has recently become popular in etiopathogenesis. We aimed to investigate the immunophenotyping of immune cells to help clarify the etiopathogenesis of the disease. METHODS: Patients with IGM and healthy volunteers were included in the study. Patients were divided into active and remission groups based on their disease status. The ratios of total T cells, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, regulatory T cells, and monocyte subtypes were measured using flow cytometry...

Eosinophilic mastitis is a very rare form of mastitis with few reported cases in the literature. This is a case of eosinophilic mastitis in a 48-year-old woman which presented as a screen detected right breast developing asymmetry. No sonographic abnormalities were visualized on diagnostic workup, and subsequent tomosynthesis-guided biopsy was performed. Knowledge of this rare entity is helpful in the radiologic-pathologic correlation, diagnosis, and clinical management of future cases.

Despite advances in the treatment, tuberculosis (TB) is still a global health problem. The diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB in their primary form is very challenging. Breast TB is very uncommon and accounts for < 0.1% of all breast lesions. Due to rarity of the disease and difficulty in diagnosis, we report a case of a 40-year-old female who had a hard lump in the right breast. Full-field digital mammography suggested the lesion as American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System-5 (ACR BIRADS-5) (highly suggestive of carcinoma)...

We report the case of a 53-year-old nulliparous female presenting with a 9-month history of recurrent mastitis and a retro-areolar lesion. Histological assessment showed an inflammatory infiltrate predominantly composed of eosinophils without evidence of malignant changes. The patient was diagnosed with eosinophilic mastitis and commenced on a course of oral steroids with good effect. This case will outline the pathology, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of eosinophilic mastitis alongside a review of the literature...

In a goat farm, 16 goats showed an increase in the superficial cervical, patellar and superficial inguinal lymph nodes, as well as nodular formations in the udder. After slaughter, these animals were diagnosed with caseous inflammation of the lymph nodes and nodular mastitis. In bacteriological examination, the bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis was isolated from the foci of inflammation. The object of the study was 16 goats at the age of two to three years. Samples of organs of three goats (out of 16) served as material for histological and bacteriological research: samples of lymph nodes, lungs and mammary glands, fixed in 10% formalin solution...

OBJECTIVE: Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a challenging inflammatory disorder of the breast. In this study we aimed to present the detailed clinical and morphological features of GM cases, diagnostic clues for specific and idiopathic etiologies, the difficulties in evaluating trucut biopsies, and the results of different therapeutic approaches. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We retrospectively analysed the clinical, radiological and morphological features of 114 GM cases diagnosed with fine needle aspiration, and trucut, incisional, and excisional biopsy...

Context: Virus infection has a unique morphological change in cell pathology. It is also of great significance in the diagnosis of herpes simplex mastitis. Aims: To evaluate the practicability and feasibility of cytological diagnosis of herpes simplex virus mastitis. Materials and Methods: Three cases of HSV mastitis diagnosed by cytology smears were collected. The papules were stained with Wright-Giemsa to observe the morphological characteristics of the cells...

The objectives of this experimental work were the evaluation of the potential role of Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae in diarrhoeic syndrome in lambs and the investigation of facets of the pathogenesis of the infection. In total, 12 lambs were challenged orally on the first day of life, with a S. enterica subsp. diarizonae isolate from a clinical case of diarrhoeic syndrome. Sequential blood, faecal and buccal samples were collected from lambs and faecal and milk samples were taken from their dams. Lambs were euthanised 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after challenge...

BACKGROUND: Mastitis is the most common health concern plaguing the modern dairy cow and costs dairy producers estimates of two billion dollars annually. Staphylococcus aureus infections are prevalent, displaying varied disease presentation and markedly low cure rates. Neutrophils are considered the first line of defense against mastitis causing bacteria and are frequently targeted in the development of treatment and prevention technologies. We describe a case of naturally occurring, chronic mastitis in a Holstein cow (1428), caused by a novel strain of S...

Mastitis frequently affects women of childbearing age. Of all the pathological breast conditions requiring specific management, autoimmune mastitis is in the third position after infection and breast cancer. The aim of this literature review was to make a comprehensive description of autoimmune diseases targeting the mammary gland. Four main histological patterns of autoimmune mastitis are described: (i) lymphocytic infiltrates; (ii) ductal ectasia; (iii) granulomatous mastitis; and (iv) vasculitis. Our literature search found that all types of autoimmune disease may target the mammary gland: organ-specific diseases (diabetes, thyroiditis); connective tissue diseases (such as systemic erythematosus lupus or Sjögren's syndrome); vasculitides (granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, giant cell arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, Behçet's disease); granulomatous diseases (sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease); and IgG4-related disease...

BACKGROUND: Hypereosinophilia (HE) is a heterogeneous disease of unknown etiology in which tissue and organ injury is inflicted by excess numbers of circulating or infiltrating eosinophils. Herein, we describe a patient with rare organ damage due to HE and review the pertinent literature. CASE SUMMARY: A 43 year-old Chinese man with a 13-year history of eosinophilia and shortness of breath for 7 d presented to our hospital. During the course of his illness, the patient variably presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, eczema, vitiligo, mastitis, joint symptoms, nephrotic syndrome, and interstitial pneumonia...

Prototheca mastitis has recently become an emerging disease; although its incidence is increasing steadily, its epidemiology remains largely understudied. The aim of this work was to investigate the prevalence of Prototheca spp. in dairy cows and their environment in Lublin province, covering most of southeastern Poland. Between December 2015 and July 2016, a total of 172 milking cows from 10 dairy farms were inspected for mastitis using clinical examination and the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Quarter milk samples (QMS, n = 179) and body site swabs (n = 151) from CMT-positive cows were collected for microbiological culture...

INTRODUCTION: Eosinophilic mastitis caused by eosinophil infiltration of the mammary gland is very rare. To date, no report has been published on treating patients with this disorder using anti-allergic drugs. Steroids are commonly used in these cases, but have greater burden. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 33-year-old woman presented to the author's clinic with a tumor and pain in the upper inner quadrant of the left breast. She underwent core needle biopsy (CNB) and was diagnosed with eosinophilic mastitis based on histopathological analysis...

We report the eighth case of eosinophilic mastitis and the first one without an association with peripheral eosinophilia or systemic involvement. A 51-year-old diabetic presented with a painful right breast lump. The mammogram, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging suggested a diagnosis of periductal mastitis, however, a sinister etiology of breast carcinoma could not be ruled out. Diagnosis was made by vacuum assisted biopsy which revealed features of eosinophilic mastitis.

We are reporting a case of bilateral eosinophilic mastitis which is rare and hardly heard. It is a mimicker of carcinoma breast both clinically & radiologically. A 30 years old non diabetic female presented with bilateral breast lumps with history of rhinitis off & on and peripheral eosinophilia. Mammography was suspicious while ultrasonography was diagnostic of bilateral mastitis. Aspiration cytology exhibited inflammatory lesion rich in eosinophils. Histopathology revealed the diagnosis of eosinophilic mastitis...

We report the sixth case of Eosinophilic Mastitis, presenting similarly enough to be confused with breast carcinoma. A 50 year old lady presented with a six month history of progressively enlarging asymptomatic breast lump, cough and breathlessness. Clinical examination, mammography and axillary lymphadenopathy suggested malignant disease. Ronchi were heard on chest auscultation. Needle cytology was twice inconclusive and Tru-cut biopsy showed acute on chronic inflammation. Blood investigations revealed significant peripheral eosinophilia...

BACKGROUND: Churg-Strauss syndrome often involves the skin, and this may sometimes reveal the disease. OBSERVATION: A 25-year-old woman was referred to a gynaecologist for inflammation of the right breast with breast discharge. Cytological analysis of the liquid showed numerous inflammatory cells, particularly polymorphonuclear eosinophils and neutrophils. Ultrasound examination of the breast was consistent with galactophoritis. CRP was normal, and hypereosinophilia was seen...

The yeast-like algae of the genus Prototheca are ubiquitous saprophytes causing infections in immunocompromised patients and granulomatous mastitis in cattle. Few available therapies and the rapid spread of resistant strains worldwide support the need for novel drugs against protothecosis. Host defence antimicrobial peptides inactivate a wide array of pathogens and are a rich source of leads, with the advantage of being largely unaffected by microbial resistance mechanisms. Three structurally diverse bovine peptides [BMAP-28, Bac5 and lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP)] have thus been tested for their capacity to inactivate Prototheca spp...