BAG

In the present work, lignocellulosic micro/nanofibers (LCMNF) were produced from pine sawdust. For that, pine sawdust was submitted to alkali treatment and subsequent bleaching stages, tailoring its chemical composition with the purpose of obtaining effective LCMNF. The obtained LCMNF were characterized and incorporated to recycled cardboard boxes with the purpose of producing recycled paper. The obtained results showed that it was possible to obtain LCMNF with the same reinforcing potential than those cellulose nanofibers (CNF) prepared by oxidative or other chemical methods In fact, the obtained papers increased the breaking length of recycled cardboard from 3338m to 5347m, being a value significantly higher than the requirements to produce paper bags...

Suspended sediment (SPS) plays an important role in the aquatic ecosystems. Selective serotonin uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used antidepressants and are frequently detected in aquatic environments. However, the biological effects of SSRIs in the presence of SPS are not well understood. To fill this gap, an SPS-water system was constructed to investigate the effects of citalopram (CIT) on Daphnia magna in the presence of SPS with different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1 g l(-1)) and organic carbon contents (0...

The Estarreja Channel, Ria de Aveiro, Portugal, received industrial effluents for over 70years. Despite the discharges stopped a decade ago, a recent study showed negative ecological effects still associated with the metal and metalloid contaminated sediments. In contaminated versus reference channels, this study compared the benthic macrofauna collected with corer and mesh-bags for community structure and synthesis descriptors, namely taxa richness (S), Shannon-Wiener diversity (H'), taxonomic (AMBI and M-AMBI) and non-taxonomic (ISS) biotic indices and functional indicators (decomposition rates)...

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Objective: Different dry-aging methods [traditional dry-aging (TD), simplified dry-aging (SD), and SD in an aging bag (SDB)] were compared to investigate the possible use of SD and/or SDB in practical situations. Methods: Sirloins from 48 Hanwoo cows were frozen (Control, 2 days postmortem) or dry-aged for 28 days using the different aging methods and then analyzed for chemical composition, total aerobic bacteria count, shear force, inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP) and free amino acid content, and sensory properties...

Objective: This study evaluated inclusion of buckwheat silage to the diet of growing lambs in terms of meat quality as compared to maize silage. Methods: Buckwheat, rich in total phenols (TP, 33 g/kg dry matter (DM)) harvested at the end of the milk stage and ensiled in 40 kg plastic bags after wilting (294 g/kg silage DM). A total of 18 growing lambs were individually fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic total mixed rations (TMR) for 75 d that either contains buckwheat or maize silage at DM proportions of 0...

Objective: Two ex vivo experiments were conducted to verify the effect of barley grain (Nusrat cultivar) treated with alkaline compounds (AC) including alum, ammonium, and sodium hydroxide or cation-exchanged organic extracts (OE) prepared from alfalfa hay, sugar beet pulp and Ulva Fasciata, on extent and digestion site of starch. Methods: In the first study, the in vitro first order disappearance kinetic parameters of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and starch were estimated using a non-linear model (D(t)= D(i)...

This experiment compared DMI, ruminal forage degradability, and liquid parameters as well as physiological responses in beef cattle receiving a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge or not. Eight ruminally cannulated Angus × Hereford steers (485 ± 16 kg BW) were housed in individual pens on d -7, ranked by BW, and allocated to 1 of 2 treatments administered on d 0: 1) an intravenous (i.v.) bolus dose (0.5 μg/kg of BW, diluted in 5 mL of 0.9% sterile saline) of bacterial LPS ( 0111:B4) or 2) a 5-mL i.v. injection of 0...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate changes in neonatal resuscitation and postnatal care following Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) training at a community hospital in rural Honduras. We hypothesized that HBB training would improve resuscitation and essential newborn care interventions. METHODS: Direct observation and video recording of delivery room care spanned before and after an initial HBB workshop held in August 2013. Rates of essential newborn care interventions were compared in resuscitations performed by individuals who had and had not received HBB training, and run charts recording performance of newborn care practices over time were developed...

Intrascleral sutureless intraocular lens (IOL) fixation utilizes direct haptic fixation within the sclera in eyes with deficient capsular support. This has advantages of long-term stability, good control of tilt and decentration, and lesser pseudophakodonesis. This review summarizes various techniques for intrascleral haptic fixation, results, complications, adaptations in special situations, modifications of the technique, combination surgeries, and intrascleral capsular bag fixation techniques (glued capsular hook)...

RATIONALE: Cyclodialysis cleft is a relatively rare but severe condition with persistent ocular hypotony, which can cause morphologic changes and visual loss. Here we report a case of a traumatic cyclodialysis cleft that was successfully managed with direct cyclopexy via anterior chamber perfusion. During the operation, if there is aqueous humor flowing out of the deep scleral incision, the cleft is not closed, and surgery should continue until there is no aqueous outflow. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 66-year-old man was treated for severe blunt ocular trauma of the left eye and a resultant cyclodialysis cleft, lens subluxation, choroidal detachment and a cataract...

Plague is a fatal, primarily rodent-flea-borne zoonotic disease caused by Yersinia pestis. The identification of risk factors of plague was investigated through questionnaire interview and conducting focus group discussion (FGD) in Sinda and Nyimba of eastern Zambia. A total of 104 questionnaires were administered to individual respondents and 20 groups consisting of 181 discussants, which comprised FGD team in this study. The study revealed that trapping, transportation, and preparation of rodents for food exposed the community to rodent and their fleas suggesting that plague may have occurred primarily by either flea bites or contact with infected wild rodents...

Plants generate protective molecules in response to UV light. In laboratory experiments, 48 h UV-B irradiation of peach fruit and leaves reduced the flavor-related monoterpene linalool by 60 %. No isoprene was detected but other terpenoids increased significantly, including a 3-fold accumulation of the sesquiterpene (E,E)-α-farnesene, which was also increased by jasmonic acid treatment. RNA-sequencing revealed altered transcript levels for two terpene synthases: PpTPS1, a TPS-g subfamily member, decreased by 86 % and PpTPS2, a TPS-b subfamily member, increased 80-fold...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of wheat cellulose particles (testa triticum tricum purify, Fiberform) in the treatment of internal hemorrhoid. METHODS: A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial was adopted. From October 2015 to July 2016, 60 patients with internal hemorrhoid were enrolled from three medical centers, including Department of Anorectum, Shuguang Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Anorectum, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Anorectum, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine...

A method for the identification of leachables in chemically defined media for CHO cell culture using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and UHPLC-MS is described. A Box-Behnken design of experiments (DoE) approach was applied to obtain the optimum extraction conditions of the target analytes. Performance of DLLME as extraction technique was studied by comparison of two commercial chemically defined media for CHO cell culture. General extraction conditions for any group of leachables, regardless of their specific chemical functionalities can be applied and similar optimum conditions were obtained with the two media...

Pain is the most feared symptom amongst individuals living with cancer. In 15% to 20% of patients, conventional analgesic therapy either fails to relieve pain or induces adverse effects. Intrathecal drug delivery systems may present an effective alternative for pain management. The Cancerology Center Paul Papin protocol includes an admixture of morphine, ropivacaine, and ziconotide in intrathecal preparations. These drugs are administered by a fully implantable or an external pump. Syringes or polyolefin infusion bags are prepared for refill just before use...

From tonsillectomies to major neck dissections, a large proportion of ENT operations require the neck to be extended. This is normally achieved by a gel pad or sand bag shoulder bolster, or in more frugal hospitals - a bag of normal saline. In our theatres two sizes of shoulder bolster are generally available. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

OBJECTIVE: Considering the importance and the near future development of noninvasive Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) systems, this paper presents a comprehensive theoretical-experimental survey on the classification and evolutionary methods for BMI-based systems in which EEG signals are used. APPROACH: The paper is divided into two main parts. In the first part a wide range of different types of the base and combinatorial classifiers including boosting and bagging classifiers and also evolutionary algorithms are reviewed and investigated...

Under the influence of a constant drive the moving vortex state in 2H-NbS2 superconductor exhibits a negative differential resistance (NDR) transition from a steady flow to an immobile state. This state possesses a high depinning current threshold ([Formula: see text]) with unconventional depinning characteristics. At currents well above [Formula: see text], the moving vortex state exhibits a multimodal velocity distribution which is characteristic of vortex flow instabilities in the NDR regime. However at lower currents which are just above [Formula: see text], the velocity distribution is non-Gaussian with a tail extending to significant negative velocity values...

BACKGROUND: Although the effectiveness of community mobilisation and promotive care delivered by community health workers in reducing perinatal and neonatal mortality is well established, evidence in support of home-based neonatal resuscitation and infection management is mixed. We assessed the effectiveness of adding training in neonatal bag and mask resuscitation and oral antibiotic therapy for suspected neonatal infections to a basic preventive and promotive interventions package delivered by public sector community-based lady health workers (LHWs) in rural Pakistan...