Cough therapy

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of 17 patients with pathologically confirmed SMARCA4-deficient chest tumors. Methods: Seventeen patients with SMARCA4-deficient thoracic tumors diagnosed by pathology in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from September 2021 to January 2023 were collected through Results Query System of Pathology Department, and the patients' general conditions, clinical symptoms, tumor markers, imaging features, treatment and regression were retrospectively analyzed, and literature review was performed...

The December 2019 pandemic killed about 2 million people and impacted countless more. SARS-CoV-2 causes COVID-19. The sickness causes dyspnea, high temperature, dry cough, loss of taste smell, etc., Due to the disease's fast spread, oral and maxillofacial surgical practices must be reconsidered. The World Health Organization, Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India, and other reputable bodies have released guidelines for safe and efficient COVID-19 therapy. This poll seeks surgeons' awareness of these worldwide and national bodies' guidance...

BACKGROUND: Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been a major contributor to the substantial reductions in global malaria morbidity and mortality over the last decade. In Tanzania, artemether-lumefantrine (AL) was introduced as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in 2006. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends regular assessment and monitoring of the efficacy of the first-line treatment, specifically considering that artemisinin resistance has been confirmed in the Greater Mekong sub-region...

This case describes a woman in her 20s with a 6-month history of progressive exertional dyspnoea and cough. Examination revealed hypoxia on room air, sinus tachycardia, finger clubbing and bibasal inspiratory crackles. Inflammatory markers were mildly elevated and empirical antimicrobial therapy was commenced. A multidisciplinary discussion consensus diagnosis of acute interstitial pneumonitis was made based on the findings of high-resolution CT of the chest, macrophage predominant bronchoalveolar lavage cell differential and surgical lung biopsy...

INTRODUCTION: Ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block (UTPB) is widely used for postoperative analgesia in thoracic surgery. However, it has many disadvantages. Thoracoscopy-guided thoracic paravertebral block (TTPB) is a new technique for thoracic paravertebral block (TPB). In this study, we compared the use of TTPB and UTPB for pain management after thoracoscopic radical surgery for lung cancer. METHODS: In total, 80 patients were randomly divided 1:1 into the UTPB group and the TTPB group...

Background and Objectives: After recovering from COVID-19, patients may experience persistent symptoms, known as post-COVID-19 syndrome or long COVID, which include a range of continuing health problems. This research explores the prevalence, associated factors, and overall health outcomes of long COVID during a period of extensive vaccination and antiviral treatment availability in Thailand. Materials and Methods: This observational study involved 390 adult patients with COVID-19 between January and March 2022...

This case report presents the clinical management of a 18-month-old female child who presented with fever, cough, and cold symptoms for eight days. Despite initial treatment with antipyretic syrup, the persistence of symptoms prompted further evaluation, revealing signs of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) on echocardiography. The patient was subsequently initiated on beta-blocker therapy and supportive care, leading to clinical improvement and eventual discharge. This case underscores the importance of considering cardiac etiologies in pediatric patients presenting with nonspecific symptoms...

UNLABELLED: Pulmonary cryptococcosis is a lung infection caused by the Cryptococcus yeast. It is rare in pediatrics, especially in immunocompetent children. The diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis can be challenging due to the low specificity of symptoms, low index of suspicion, and limited diagnostic resources. OBJECTIVE: To describe a clinical case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent adolescent, detailing the diagnostic approach. CLINICAL CASE: A 15-year-old patient, previously healthy, from a rural town, who consulted due to cough and a 1-month rib stitch pain, without fever or associated respiratory difficulty, with two images of condensation in the left lung on the chest x-ray...

BACKGROUND: The use of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is recommended by the World Health Organization for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) is the most widely adopted first-line ACT for uncomplicated malaria in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including mainland Tanzania, where it was introduced in December 2006. The WHO recommends regular assessment to monitor the efficacy of the first-line treatment specifically considering that artemisinin partial resistance was reported in Greater Mekong sub-region and has been confirmed in East Africa (Rwanda and Uganda)...

Here, we present a case of choriocarcinoma with metastasis only to the right inferior pulmonary vein and heart, which is unusual, as the skipping of lung metastasis is extremely rare. The 34-year-old patient presented with cough and hemoptysis. The diagnosis was challenging due to the absence of gynecological abnormalities and elevated β-HCG levels, only revealing a cardiac mass upon imaging. While no abnormalities were found through gynecological ultrasound or gynecological examination, the serum human chorionic gonadotropin β subunit (β-HCG) level was abnormally raised...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) are rare diseases in children. Many theories infer that immunodeficiency can induce PAP, but these reports are almost all review articles, and there is little clinical evidence. We report the case of a child with both PAP and XLA. CASE SUMMARY: A 4-month-old boy sought medical treatment due to coughing and difficulty in breathing for > 2 wk. He had been hospitalized multiple times due to respiratory infections and diarrhea...

This study focuses on a 56-year-old male laborer who presented to the respiratory department with grade III dyspnea persisting for 20 days, aggravated in the mornings, accompanied by chest pain over the last two days. The patient reported a productive cough producing yellowish sputum for 15 days and an ongoing fever during this period. With a two-year medical history of seasonal bronchial asthma, the patient had been using an inhaler three times daily for the past month. Additionally, a 20-year history of smoking, averaging five cigarettes per day, was disclosed...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous respiratory condition characterized by symptoms of dyspnea, cough, and sputum production. We review sex-differences in disease mechanisms, structure-function-symptom relationships, responses to therapies, and clinical outcomes in COPD with a specific focus on dyspnea. Females with COPD experience greater dyspnea and higher morbidity compared to males. Imaging studies using chest computed tomography scans have demonstrated that females with COPD tend to have smaller airways than males as well as a lower burden of emphysema...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Early recognition and treatment of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) within the context of COVID-19 infection is crucial for improved outcomes. Prompt intervention with IVIG and steroids leads to significant improvement in a severe case of MIS-C. Clinicians should be vigilant for MIS-C symptoms and initiate timely management. ABSTRACT: We report a case involving a fourteen-year-old male with COVID-19 infection who developed multisystem inflammatory disease...

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a severe fungal infection primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. However, rare cases of IPA in immunocompetent patients have been reported, presenting diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Here, we present a case of a 41-year-old immunocompetent male who presented with fever, cough with mucoid expectoration, and breathlessness. Despite the absence of traditional risk factors, imaging and laboratory findings led to the diagnosis of IPA. Prompt initiation of antifungal therapy resulted in clinical improvement...

BACKGROUND: The main cause of vocal cord palsy (VCP) is idiopathic impairment of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). However, solid tumors along the pathway of the RLN can also impact the nerve's function. We presented a patient with a thyroid lesion and VCP due to a bulky metastatic mass (uterine cancer) on the aortic arch field in the mediastinum. The report aims to show the significance of comorbid tumors in thyroid pathology and the importance of additional diagnostic methods in avoiding unnecessary surgeries...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy, complications, and outcome of Dumon silicone stent placement for dogs with grade IV tracheal collapse. ANIMALS: 12 client-owned dogs. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: Each dog was diagnosed with grade IV TC unresponsive to medical therapy and had severe obstructive respiratory failure. RESULTS: 12 dogs were included in the study. By the end of the study, 5 of 12 (41.7%) remained alive, while 7 of 12 (58...

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OBJECTIVE: The incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among people living with HIV (PLWH) is experiencing major increases. This demographic is vulnerable due to compromised immune function, but the individuals are subjected to antiretroviral therapy (ART), which shows potential as a treatment for the pandemic. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the severity of various forms of COVID-19 in PLWH as opposed to the general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study followed PRISMA guidelines and included a systematic review of literature from Pubmed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library, comprising English-language articles from 2019 to 2022...

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to compare the effect of topical laryngeal lidocaine with intravenous lidocaine before endotracheal intubation on the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat, hoarseness, and cough. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective randomized controlled study enrolled 144 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with endotracheal intubation. The patients were randomized to three groups and received 2% lidocaine by topical laryngeal spray (group T), intravenous 2% lidocaine (group I), and the equivalent volume of intravenous saline (group C) before intubation...