keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536611/heterologous-expression-of-human-ifn%C3%AE-and-anti-il17-antibody-in-leishmania-tarentolae-promastigote
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arian Karimi Rouzbahani, Seyedeh-Zeinab Hosseini, Mojgan Bandehpour, Bahram Kazemi, Afsaneh Tavasoli, Amirreza Javadi Mamaghani, Farnaz Kheirandish
BACKGROUND: Leishmania is an intracellular flagellate protozoan parasite that causes a wide range of clinical diseases in humans. The basis of immunological resistance against leishmaniasis depends on Thl reactions and is within the time period of cytokine function. METHODS: In this study, human anti-IL17 antibody and IFNγ-producing promastigote were produced to be used in leishmanization. A sequence of light and heavy chains' gene of anti-IL17 antibody and human IFNγ (hIFNγ) was obtained from the NCBI database and synthesized in the ECORV reaction site in the plasmid pGH, which it's called pGH-hIFNγ-antiIL17...
March 27, 2024: Acta Parasitologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534397/variation-of-structure-and-cellular-functions-of-type-ia-topoisomerases-across-the-tree-of-life
#2
REVIEW
Kemin Tan, Yuk-Ching Tse-Dinh
Topoisomerases regulate the topological state of cellular genomes to prevent impediments to vital cellular processes, including replication and transcription from suboptimal supercoiling of double-stranded DNA, and to untangle topological barriers generated as replication or recombination intermediates. The subfamily of type IA topoisomerases are the only topoisomerases that can alter the interlinking of both DNA and RNA. In this article, we provide a review of the mechanisms by which four highly conserved N-terminal protein domains fold into a toroidal structure, enabling cleavage and religation of a single strand of DNA or RNA...
March 21, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534208/episomal-vectors-for-stable-production-of-recombinant-proteins-and-engineered-antibodies
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian Fallahee, Daniel Hawiger
There is tremendous interest in the production of recombinant proteins, particularly bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates for research and therapeutic use. Here, we demonstrate a highly versatile plasmid system that allows the rapid generation of stable Expi293 cell pools by episomal retention of transfected DNA. By linking protein expression to puromycin resistance through an attenuated internal ribosome entry site, we achieve stable cell pools producing proteins of interest. In addition, split intein-split puromycin-mediated selection of two separate protein expression cassettes allows the stable production of bispecific antibody-like molecules or antibodies with distinct C-terminal heavy chain modifications, such as an antigen on one chain and a sortase tag on the other chain...
March 11, 2024: Antibodies
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533616/the-one-carbon-metabolic-enzyme-mthfd2-promotes-resection-and-homologous-recombination-after-ionizing-radiation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Petra Marttila, Nadilly Bonagas, Christina Chalkiadaki, Hannah Stigsdotter, Korbinian Schelzig, Jianyu Shen, Crystal M Farhat, Amber Hondema, Julian Albers, Elisée Wiita, Azita Rasti, Ulrika Warpman Berglund, Ana Slipicevic, Oliver Mortusewicz, Thomas Helleday
The one-carbon metabolism enzyme bifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase 2 (MTHFD2) is among the most overexpressed proteins across tumors and is widely recognized as a promising anticancer target. While MTHFD2 is mainly described as a mitochondrial protein, a new nuclear function is emerging. Here, we observe that nuclear MTHFD2 protein levels and association with chromatin increase following ionizing radiation (IR) in an ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)- and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK)-dependent manner...
March 27, 2024: Molecular Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533126/innate-immune-response-of-rainbow-trout-erythrocytes-to-spinycterins-expressing-a-downsized-viral-fragment-of-viral-haemorrhagic-septicaemia-virus
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Puente-Marin, D Cazorla, V Chico, J Coll, M Ortega-Villaizan
Recent studies have reported on the importance of RBCs in fish responses to viral infections and DNA vaccines. Surface-displaying recombinant bacterins (spinycterins) are a safe and adaptable prototype for viral vaccination of fish and represent an alternative method of aquaculture prophylaxis, since have been reported to enhance fish immune response. We evaluated the innate immune response of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) red blood cells (RBCs), head kidney, and spleen to spinycterins expressing a fragment of the glycoprotein G of viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), one of the most devastating world-wide diseases in farmed salmonids...
April 15, 2023: Aquaculture
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528666/an-outline-of-the-immunogenic-potential-of-progressing-sarscov-2-vaccine-technologies-among-children-and-adolescents
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hytham Ghanem, Shehab Ghanem, Ehsan AlMutawa
BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2, a highly dynamic beta-coronavirus, can afflict all age groups. Notably, over 16100 mortalities have been recorded among children as yet. In this regard, many vaccine projects are operational to assess immuno-potency among young cohorts. A bulk of reports have evidenced the efficacy of these immunization technologies in the elderly population, though the impact is yet to be determined among children. OBJECTIVES: This review is envisioned to outline the current efficacy of contributing vaccine technologies and examine the dose-dependent impact of immunization regimens in lowering the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infections among children and adolescents...
2024: Recent Patents on Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527852/different-host-endogenous-retrovirus-relationships-between-mammals-and-birds-reflected-in-genome-wide-evolutionary-interaction-patterns
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wanjing Zheng, Jun Gojobori, Alexander Suh, Yoko Satta
Mammals and birds differ largely in their average endogenous retrovirus (ERV) loads, namely the proportion of ERVs in the genome. The host-ERV relationships, including conflict and co-option have been hypothesized among the causes of this difference. However, there has not been studies about the genomic evolutionary signal of constant host-ERV interactions in a long-term scale and how such interactions could lead to the ERV load difference. Through a phylogeny-controlled correlation analysis on ∼5000 genes between the dN/dS ratio of each gene and the load of ERVs in 12 mammals and 21 birds, separately, we detected genes that may have evolved in association with ERV loads...
March 25, 2024: Genome Biology and Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527673/genetic-association-of-novel-snps-in-hk-1-rs201626997-and-hk-3-rs143604141-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-in-bangladeshi-population
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Md Tarikul Islam, Md Abdullah Al Mamun Khan, Shahidur Rahman, K M Kaderi Kibria
BACKGROUND: Hexokinase, a key enzyme in glycolysis, has isoforms like HK-1, HK-2, HK-3, and Glucokinase. Unpublished exome sequencing data showed that two novel polymorphisms in HK-1 rs201626997 (G/T) and HK-3 rs143604141 (G/A) exist in the Bangladeshi population. We investigated the possible relationship of these SNPs with T2DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Peripheral blood samples from the study participants were used to isolate their genomic DNA. An allele-specific PCR was standardized that can discriminate between the wild-type and mutant-type alleles of HK-1 (rs201626997) and HK-3 (rs143604141) polymorphisms...
March 23, 2024: Gene
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526727/targeted-genome-editing-of-virulent-pseudomonas-phages-using-crispr-cas3
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kaat Schroven, Marleen Voet, Rob Lavigne, Hanne Hendrix
The vast number of unknown phage-encoded ORFan genes and limited insights into the genome organization of phages illustrate the need for efficient genome engineering tools to study bacteriophage genes in their natural context. In addition, there is an application-driven desire to alter phage properties, which is hampered by time constraints for phage genome engineering in the bacterial host. We here describe an optimized CRISPR-Cas3 system in Pseudomonas for straightforward editing of the genome of virulent bacteriophages...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525646/r-tpa-resistance-is-specific-for-platelet-rich-stroke-thrombi-and-can-be-overcome-by-targeting-nonfibrin-components
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Vandelanotte, Olivier François, Linda Desender, Senna Staessens, Alexander Vanhoorne, Fréderick Van Gool, Claudia Tersteeg, Karen Vanhoorelbeke, Peter Vanacker, Tommy Andersson, Simon F De Meyer
BACKGROUND: Resistance to r-tPA (recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator) is a well-known but poorly understood phenomenon that hampers successful recanalization in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Using clinically relevant thrombi from patients with acute ischemic stroke, we investigated if and how thrombus composition impacts r-tPA-mediated lysis. In addition, we explored strategies to overcome r-tPA resistance. METHODS: Thrombi were split into 2 parts, 1 of which was used for thrombolysis and the other for detailed histological analysis...
March 25, 2024: Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525075/the-efficient-synthesis-and-purification-of-2-3-cgamp-from-escherichia-coli
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rohan Kulkarni, Vijay Maranholkar, Nam Nguyen, Patrick C Cirino, Richard C Willson, Navin Varadarajan
Agonists of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway are being explored as potential immunotherapeutics for the treatment of cancer and as vaccine adjuvants for infectious diseases. Although chemical synthesis of 2'3' - cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Adenosine Monophosphate (cGAMP) is commercially feasible, the process results in low yields and utilizes organic solvents. To pursue an efficient and environmentally friendly process for the production of cGAMP, we focused on the recombinant production of cGAMP via a whole-cell biocatalysis platform utilizing the murine cyclic Guanosine monophosphate-Adenosine monophosphate synthase (mcGAS)...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524756/a-robust-and-flexible-baculovirus-insect-cell-system-for-aav-vector-production-with-improved-yield-capsid-ratios-and-potency
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yoko Marwidi, Hoang-Oanh B Nguyen, David Santos, Tenzin Wangzor, Sumita Bhardwaj, Gabriel Ernie, Gregg Prawdzik, Garrett Lew, David Shivak, Michael Trias, Jada Padilla, Hung Tran, Kathleen Meyer, Richard Surosky, Alex Michael Ward
Manufacturing of adeno-associated viruses (AAV) for gene and cell therapy applications has increased significantly and spurred development of improved mammalian and insect cell-based production systems. We developed a baculovirus-based insect cell production system-the SGMO Helper-with a novel gene architecture and greater flexibility to modulate the expression level and content of individual Rep and Cap proteins. In addition, we incorporated modifications to the AAV6 capsid sequence that improves yield, capsid integrity, and potency...
June 13, 2024: Molecular Therapy. Methods & Clinical Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524412/prokaryotic-dna-crossroads-holliday-junction-formation-and-resolution
#13
REVIEW
Astha Nautiyal, Manoj Thakur
Cells are continually exposed to a multitude of internal and external stressors, which give rise to various types of DNA damage. To protect the integrity of their genetic material, cells are equipped with a repertoire of repair proteins that engage in various repair mechanisms, facilitated by intricate networks of protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. Among these networks is the homologous recombination (HR) system, a molecular repair mechanism conserved in all three domains of life. On one hand, HR ensures high-fidelity, template-dependent DNA repair, while on the other hand, it results in the generation of combinatorial genetic variations through allelic exchange...
March 19, 2024: ACS Omega
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524184/-toxoplasma-gondii-infection-induced-host-cellular-dna-damage-is-strain-dependent-and-leads-to-the-activation-of-the-atm-dependent-homologous-recombination-pathway
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisbeth Rojas-Barón, Carlos Hermosilla, Anja Taubert, Zahady D Velásquez
Toxoplasma gondii is a globally occurring apicomplexan parasite that infects humans and animals. Globally, different typical and atypical haplotypes of T. gondii induce varying pathologies in hosts. As an obligate intracellular protozoon, T. gondii was shown to interfere with host cell cycle progression, leading to mitotic spindle alteration, chromosome segregation errors and cytokinesis failure which all may reflect chromosomal instability. Referring to strain-dependent virulence, we here studied the potential of different T...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523681/coactosin-like-protein-1-cotl1-could-be-an-immunological-and-prognostic-biomarker-from-pan-cancer-analysis-to-low-grade-glioma-validation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoyun Wang, Yuwei Bai, Bei Wang
BACKGROUND: Cancer represents a widespread global health challenge impacting millions of individuals worldwide. Identifying new targets for cancer treatment is a crucial step in developing more effective therapies. Among these potential targets, Coactosin-like protein 1 (COTL1), a cytoskeleton-associated protein with critical roles in cell migration, adhesion, and signaling, has shown involvement in tumor progression. METHODS: GSCA, TIMER, SangerBox database were used to explore the COTL1 expression across different tumor types...
2024: Journal of Inflammation Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523200/a-recombinant-fungal-photolyase-autonomously-enters-human-cell-nuclei-to-fix-uv-induced-dna-lesions
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuting Bao, Weiguo Fang
Solar ultraviolet radiations induced DNA damages in human skin cells with cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and (6-4) photoproducts (6-4PPs) as the most frequent lesions. CPDs are repaired much slower than 6-4PPs by the nucleotide excision repair pathway, which are thus the major lesions that interfere with key cellular processes and give rise to gene mutations, possibly resulting in skin cancer. In prokaryotes and multicellular eukaryotes other than placental mammals, CPDs can be rapidly repaired by CPD photolyases in one simple enzymatic reaction using the energy of blue light...
March 25, 2024: Biotechnology Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522807/e2f8-cenpl-pathway-contributes-to-homologous-recombination-repair-and-chemoresistance-in-breast-cancer
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shan Wang, Yuhong Xia, Yu Sun, Wei Wang, Lianfeng Shan, Zhongbo Zhang, Chenghai Zhao
Chemoresistance poses a significant obstacle to the treatment of breast cancer patients. The increased capacity of DNA damage repair is one of the mechanisms underlying chemoresistance. Bioinformatic analyses showed that E2F8 was associated with cell cycle progression and homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in breast cancer. E2F8 knockdown suppressed cell growth and attenuated HR repair. Accordingly, E2F8 knockdown sensitized cancer cells to Adriamycin and Cisplatin. Centromere protein L (CENPL) is a transcriptional target by E2F8...
March 22, 2024: Cellular Signalling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521591/single-molecule-observation-of-g-quadruplex-and-r-loop-formation-induced-by-transcription
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jihee Hwang, Bradleigh Palmer, Sua Myong
Potential G-quadruplex forming sequences (PQS) are enriched in cancer-related genes and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination. They are prevalent in the 5'UTR of transcriptionally active genes, thereby contributing to the regulation of gene expression. We and others previously demonstrated that the PQS located in the non-template strand leads to an R-loop formation followed by a G-quadruplex (G4) formation during transcription. These structural changes increase mRNA production. Here, we present how single-molecule technique was used to observe cotranscriptional G4 and R-loop formation and to examine the impact on transcription, particularly for the initiation and elongation stages...
2024: Methods in Enzymology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521581/purification-and-biochemical-characterization-of-the-g4-resolvase-and-dna-helicase-fancj
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomasz Kulikowicz, Joshua A Sommers, Kathleen F Fuchs, Yuliang Wu, Robert M Brosh
G-quadruplex (G4) DNA or RNA poses a unique nucleic acid structure in genomic transactions. Because of the unique topology presented by G4, cells have exquisite mechanisms and pathways to metabolize G4 that arise in guanine-rich regions of the genome such as telomeres, promoter regions, ribosomal DNA, and other chromosomal elements. G4 resolvases are often represented by a class of molecular motors known as helicases that disrupt the Hoogsteen hydrogen bonds in G4 by harnessing the chemical energy of nucleoside triphosphate hydrolysis...
2024: Methods in Enzymology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521465/progress-in-novel-delivery-technologies-to-improve-efficacy-of-therapeutic-antibodies
#20
REVIEW
Wenli Sun, Yanling Wu, Tianlei Ying
Monoclonal antibody-based therapeutics have achieved remarkable success in treating a wide range of human diseases. However, conventional systemic delivery methods have limitations in insufficient target tissue permeability, high costs, repeated administrations, etc. Novel technologies have been developed to address these limitations and further enhance antibody therapy. Local antibody delivery via respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, eye and blood-brain barrier have shown promising results in increasing local concentrations and overcoming barriers...
March 21, 2024: Antiviral Research
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