Healthcare delivery science

BACKGROUND: Prehabilitation aims to enhance functional capacity before surgery, minimise complications and achieve a better postoperative outcome. This can be particularly useful for older, frail patients to better tolerate surgery. The aim of this study was to identify what barriers and facilitators healthcare professionals in Germany experienced in the implementation and delivery of the multimodal prehabilitation programme "PRAEP-GO" for (pre-)frail adults aged 70 years and older to inform the implementation of prehabilitation into standard care...

The phrase "Bench-to-Bedside" is a well-known phrase in medicine, highlighting scientific discoveries that directly translate to impacting patient care. Key examples of translational research include identification of key molecular targets in diseases and development of diagnostic laboratory tests for earlier disease detection. Bridging these scientific advances to the bedside/clinic has played a meaningful impact in numerous patient lives. The spaceflight environment poses a unique opportunity to also make this impact; the nature of harsh extraterrestrial conditions and medically austere and remote environments push for cutting-edge technology innovation...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake, retention and adherence among female sex workers (FSWs) receiving care through community and facility delivery models in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: We searched online databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Web of Science) between January 2012 and 3 April 2022...

OBJECTIVE: This analysis aimed to examine current global trends in patient engagement research and identify critical focus areas. METHODS: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection database for pertinent literature from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2022. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used for information analysis. RESULTS: The bibliometric analysis covered 11,386 documents from 140 countries/regions, featuring contributions from 12,731 organizations and 45,489 authors...

INTRODUCTION: Guidelines and other strategic documents were collated to understand the extent of the global use of terms postpartum and postnatal along with the duration and schedule of maternal care after delivery. METHODS: Postpartum care guidelines and strategies published in English, by international organisations including the World Health Organization, and countries in either the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development or Group of 20 were included in this scoping review...

Community care encompasses inherent risks for both clients and healthcare providers. Maintaining a safe environment for the delivery of care services ensures that any risk of unintentional or intentional personal harm is minimised. The aim of this scoping review is to (a) provide an overview of existing knowledge by summarising the current literature and (b) identify gaps pertaining to understanding and managing environmental risk in community care settings. Guided by the Population/Concept/Context approach and PRISMA guidelines, this paper used two questions to answer how a score-based tool for assessing client suitability in community care is developed and how an environmental screening tool assists with reducing risk to community care workers...

Falls are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults aged 65 years and older (older adults) and are increasingly recognized as a chronic condition. Yet, fall-related care is infrequently provided in a chronic care context despite fall-related death rates increasing 41% between 2012 and 2021. One of the many challenges to addressing falls is the absence of fall-focused chronic disease management programs, which improve outcomes of other chronic conditions, like diabetes. Policies, information systems, and clinical-community connections help form the backbone of chronic disease management programs, yet these elements are often missing in fall prevention...

Introduction Genetic disorders pose a significant health challenge in India, with chromosomal abnormalities ranking second only to congenital anomalies in terms of disease burden. Prenatal testing offers a crucial strategy for identifying and managing these disorders. However, the awareness and understanding of prenatal screening tests among pregnant women in India remain understudied. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating the awareness quotient of prenatal screening tests for genetic disorders among pregnant women in India...

BACKGROUND: Shared care between oncology specialists and general practice regarding the delivery of palliative care (PC) is necessary to meet the demands for a cohesive PC. The primary objective of this study is to investigate models of cross-sectorial integration between primary care and oncology specialists that have been developed to promote early and basic PC and factors influencing the process. METHOD: A scoping review was conducted using publications dated up until April 2023...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The traditional drug delivery approach involves systemic administration of a drug that could be nonspecific in targeting, low on efficacy, and with severe side-effects. To address such challenges, the field of smart drug delivery has emerged aiming at designing and developing delivery systems that can target specific cells, tissues, and organs and have minimal off-target side-effects. METHODS: A literature search was done to collate papers and reports about the currently available various strategies for smart nano-inspired drug delivery...

INTRODUCTION: Midwives were at the forefront of caring for pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, therefore, the present study was conducted with the purpose of exploring midwives' experiences of providing delivery care for women with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. METHODS: In this qualitative study, 18 midwives working in the public hospitals affiliated with Guilan University of Medical Sciences (Iran). Who had experience in providing delivery care to women with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection were selected using purposive sampling...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a globally recognized public health concern, yet research focusing on women in urban areas of Bangladesh remains unexplored. This study aimed to address this research gap by investigating the prevalence and associated factors of PPD within the first 2 years after childbirth. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 259 women (26.66 ± 4.57 years) residing in urban areas who were attending healthcare delivery centers...

Fears of delivery are the uncertainty and worry experienced before, during, and following labor. It hurts women's health and affects 5-40% of all moms globally. If not recognized, it could cause expectant mothers to feel alone and unsupported. Studies on this subject, however, are scarce at the woreda level. Therefore, this study amis to assess the prevalence and associated factors of fear of childbirth among pregnant women in Dejen Woreda, East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 575 pregnant women selected by Cluster Sapling from December 15 to December 25, 2022...

PURPOSE: Work-related low back pain (WRLBP) is a highly prevalent health problem worldwide leading to work disability and increased healthcare utilisation. General practitioners (GPs) play an important role in the management of WRLBP. Despite this, understanding of GP service use for WRLBP is limited. This systematic review aimed to determine the prevalence, patterns and determinants of GP service use for WRLBP. METHODS: MEDLINE, Embase via Ovid, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for relevant peer-reviewed articles published in English without any restriction on time of publications...

Growing attention is being directed towards exploring the potential harmful effects of microplastic (MP) particles on human health. Previous reports on human exposure to MPs have primarily focused on inhalation, ingestion, transdermal routes, and, potentially, transplacental transfer. The intravenous transfer of MP particles in routine healthcare settings has received limited exploration in existing literature. Standard hospital IV system set up with 0.9 % NaCl in a laminar flow hood with MP contamination precautions...

The Stanford Biodesign needs-centric framework can guide healthcare innovators to successfully adopt the 'Identify, Invent and Implement' framework and develop new healthcare innovations products to address patients' needs. This scoping review explored the application of the Stanford Biodesign framework for healthcare innovation training and the development of novel healthcare innovative products. Seven electronic databases were searched from their respective inception dates till April 2023: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest Dissertations, and Theses Global...

Despite their ubiquity, stepfamilies generally hold a stigmatized status. The scientific community at large has not been immune to the influence of stepfamily stigmatization. Misusing the term "stepchild" in science is unnecessary on several fronts. "Stepchild" is often intended to denote neglect, oversight, or mistreatment. Scholars should consider using more direct and precise language, especially considering that scientific writing benefits from clarity, parsimony, and precision. In any case, it's time to stop using "stepchild" as a pejorative term...

INTRODUCTION: digital health has been demonstrated to improve the efficiency and scale of health service delivery in resource-limited settings. Understanding factors influencing its use could accelerate the process of its implementation in routine practice. METHODS: we conducted a cross-sectional analytic study in Buea and Tiko health districts from January to May 2021. We included healthcare workers selected using multistage stratified sampling. Use of digital health was defined as using at least two digital tools and one digital health intervention (DHI) or at least two DHIs by a healthcare worker...

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Blockchain is topical in many areas of science. The impact on clinical care of physicians is not known. We undertook a rapid review of the literature to identify areas of interest for clinicians in active practice focusing on evidence relevant to clinical care. We found limited evidence for use blockchain in clinical practice with most studies focusing on technical aspects of prototypes and implementation with no evidence of standardised metric to measure impact for patients, clinicians, and organisations. Personal Health Records for use across organisational and geographic boundaries emerged as the strongest clinical use-case...