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https://read.qxmd.com/read/22830596/expression-of-chondroitin-glucuronate-c5-epimerase-and-cellular-immune-responses-in-patients-with-hepatocellular-carcinoma
#1
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Eishiro Mizukoshi, Kazumi Fushimi, Kuniaki Arai, Tatsuya Yamashita, Masao Honda, Shuichi Kaneko
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Chondroitin-glucuronate C5-epimerase is an enzyme that converts D-glucuronic acid to L-iduronic acid residues in dermatan sulphate biosynthesis. It is also identified to be a tumour-associated antigen recognized by cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and its enhanced expression in many cancers has been reported. In the present study, we investigated the usefulness of this molecule as an immunotherapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: The expression of chondroitin-glucuronate C5-epimerase in hepatoma cell lines and HCC tissues was confirmed by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical analysis...
November 2012: Liver International: Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10727403/biosynthesis-of-heparin-heparan-sulphate-mechanism-of-epimerization-of-glucuronyl-c-5
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Hagner-Mcwhirter, U Lindahl, J p Li
In the biosynthesis of heparin and heparan sulphate, D-glucuronic acid residues are converted into L-iduronic acid (IdoA) units by C-5 epimerization, at the polymer level. The reaction catalysed by the epimerase occurs by reversible abstraction and readdition of a proton at C-5 of target hexuronic acid residues, through a carbanion intermediate, with or without an inversion of configuration at C-5 [Prihar, Campbell, Feingold, Jacobsson, Jensen, Lindahl and Rodén (1980) Biochemistry 19, 495-500]. Incubation of chemically N-sulphated capsular polysaccharide from Escherichia coli K5 ([4GlcAbeta1-4GlcNSO(3)alpha1-](n)), or of O-desulphated heparin (predominantly [4IdoAalpha1-4GlcNSO(3)alpha1-](n)) with purified C-5 epimerase from bovine liver, resulted in the interconversion of glucuronic acid and IdoA residues, which reached equilibrium (30-40% IdoA/total hexuronic acid) after approx...
April 1, 2000: Biochemical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/8573097/biosynthesis-of-dermatan-sulphate-defructosylated-escherichia-coli-k4-capsular-polysaccharide-as-a-substrate-for-the-d-glucuronyl-c-5-epimerase-and-an-indication-of-a-two-base-reaction-mechanism
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H H Hannesson, A Hagner-McWhirter, K Tiedemann, U Lindahl, A Malmström
The capsular polysaccharide from Escherichia coli K4 consists of a chondroitin ([GlcA(beta 1-->3)GalNAc(beta 1-->4)]n) backbone, to which beta-fructofuranose units are linked to C-3 of D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) residues. Removal of the fructose units by mild acid hydrolysis provided a substrate for the GlcA C-5 epimerase, which is involved in the generation of L-iduronic acid (IdoA) units during dermatan sulphate biosynthesis. Incubation of this substrate with solubilized fibroblast microsomal enzyme in the presence of 3H2O resulted in the incorporation of tritium at C-5 of hexuronyl units...
January 15, 1996: Biochemical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/7092807/biosynthesis-of-dermatan-sulphate-assay-and-properties-of-the-uronosyl-c-5-epimerase
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Malmström, L Aberg
During biosynthesis of dermatan sulphate D-glucuronate (GlcA) residues are converted to L-iduronate (IdoA) residues via the reaction [Formula: see text]. The reaction occurs on the polymer level and is catalysed by a C-5 uronosyl epimerase. The reversible release of the C-5 hydrogen was utilized as a measure of the enzyme activity with 5-3H-labelled chondroitin as a substrate. 3H released during incubation was distilled and quantified by liquid-scintillation counting. The epimerase has a low pH optimum (5.6) and requires divalent cations, Mn2+ being the most efficient for activity...
March 1, 1982: Biochemical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/2049079/biosynthesis-of-dermatan-sulphate-proteoglycans-the-effect-of-beta-d-xyloside-addition-on-the-polymer-modification-process-in-fibroblast-cultures
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Cöster, J Hernnäs, A Malmström
Incubation of cultured fibroblasts with p-nitrophenyl beta-D-xyloside resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in galactosaminoglycan synthesis. At low concentration of added xyloside large and small radiolabelled proteoglycans and xyloside-bound polysaccharides were recovered from the medium, whereas at high concentrations only xyloside-bound polysaccharides were found. In the cell layer proteoglycans and xyloside-bound polysaccharides were found at all concentrations tested. Only galactosaminoglycan chains were polymerized on the xyloside primer...
June 1, 1991: Biochemical Journal
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