Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) poses a significant health hazard, as intermittent hypoxia inflicts damage throughout the body and is considered a critical risk factor for metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to establish a metabolic profile for patients with OSAHS using nontargeted metabolomics detection techniques, providing a basis for OSAHS diagnosis and novel biological marker identification. METHODS: Forty-five patients with OSAHS composed the OSAHS group, and 44 healthy volunteers composed the control group...

INTRODUCTION: Periodic breathing (PB) is considered physiological in the neonatal period and usually disappears in the first months of life. There are few data available on persistent PB after the neonatal period. The objective of this study was to characterize infants born at term with persistent PB after the age of 1 month through polysomnography (PSG) performed during symptoms. METHODS: This retrospective case series included infants born at term between 2012 and 2021, without an underlying disease, who presented with symptoms of persistent PB during a PSG...

PURPOSE: Asthma, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), rhinosinusitis, and esophageal reflux are conditions that may overlap, forming a syndrome known as CORE. Whenever clinical remission of severe asthma (SA) is not achieved, it is essential to investigate the presence of comorbidities, in particular the presence of OSA that may lead to the diagnosis of CORE syndrome. METHODS: The study was conducted on naive patients with SA and concomitant rhinosinusitis and esophageal reflux, referred to our institute since 2018...

Introduction  Lateral pharyngoplasty (LP) has shown promising results. Craniofacial deformity reduces the pharyngeal space, contributing to the etiopathogenesis. The analysis of craniofacial features can be performed using cephalometry. Objective  To verify if craniofacial deformity is associated with worse polysomnographic data in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to verify if the preoperative cephalometric parameters can interfere with the surgical success of the LP. Methods  The study included 21 patients with OSA aged between 18 and 65 years who underwent LP in a university hospital from 2015 to 2019...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the correlation between serum monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and other inflammatory parameters with the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in patients. METHODS: This study included 310 patients who underwent polysomnography monitoring at our hospital between January 2021 and January 2023. Routine blood inflammatory parameters and polysomnography (PSG) results were also evaluated. The differences in inflammatory markers between the OSAHS and normal groups were compared, and OSAHS independent related factors were screened...

BACKGROUND: The polysomnography (PSG) is the gold-standard for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome diagnosis and assessment under positive airway pressure (PAP) therapies in children. Recently, an innovative digital medicine solution, including a mandibular jaw movement (MJM) sensor coupled with automated analysis, has been validated as an alternative to PSG for pediatric application. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the reliability of MJM automated analysis for the assessment of residual apnea/hypopnea events during sleep in children with OSA treated with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or continuous PAP (CPAP)...

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is suggested to differ according to different age groups. While its prevalence has been extensively investigated among middle-aged and old individuals, very few studies have summarized its prevalence among young adults. The present study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of OSA prevalence among healthy adults aged 18-30 years in the general population. METHODS: A search of Embase, Medline, and Web of Science databases for articles reporting the prevalence of OSA among young adults confirmed by objective diagnostic methods was completed by two reviewers...

OBJECTIVE: To determine if increasing obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) severity, as determined by preoperative polysomnography data, is an independent risk for respiratory complications and level of follow-up care after adenotonsillectomy or tonsillectomy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients ≤21 years of age with severe OSAS (obstructive apnea-hypopnea index [OAHI] >10) undergoing adenotonsillectomy or tonsillectomy. Patients were categorized based on preoperative polysomnography data (PSG)...

BACKGROUND: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is a common pediatric disease that significantly impacts the growth and quality of life of children. However, there is no replicable and valid model for AH. METHODS: An AH rat model was developed via comprehensive allergic sensitization, chronic inflammation induction, and chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). The modeling process involved three steps: female Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 4-5 weeks) were used for modeling. Allergen sensitization was induced via intraperitoneal administration and intranasal provocation using ovalbumin (OVA); chronic nasal inflammation was induced through intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration for sustained nasal irritation; CIH akin to obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome was induced using an animal hypoxia chamber...

Central sleep apnea (CSA) is rare in older children. Although CSA mostly arises from neurological diseases such as Chiari malformation, the frequency of CSA is significantly higher in obese children. Herein, we describe the case of a 14-yr-old boy who presented with CSA secondary to severe obesity and a history of traumatic lateral medullary syndrome at 8 yr of age. Polysomnography revealed severe sleep apnea syndrome with apnea-hypopnea index of 41.4 per hour and central apnea index of 8.9 per hour. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed no new brainstem or cerebellar infarcts; however, old changes in the cerebellar infarction persisted...

BACKGROUND: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) during childhood is common and includes a range of breathing abnormalities that range from primary snoring (PS) to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).Studies have shown that not only OSAS, but also PS, which is originally considered harmless, could cause cardiovascular, cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial problems. Many researches are focused on the relation of OSA and serum lipid levels. However, little studies are focused on PS and serum lipid levels in children...

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) significantly impairs children's growth and cognition. This study aims to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying OSAHS in children, with a particular focus on the alterations in cortical information interaction during respiratory events. We analyzed sleep electroencephalography before, during, and after events, utilizing Symbolic Transfer Entropy (STE) for brain network construction and information flow assessment. The results showed a significant increase in STE after events in specific frequency bands during N2 and rapid eye movement (REM) stages, along with increased STE during N3 stage events...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in children with Syndromic Craniosynostosis (SC). The efficacy of Fort III procedure in managing OSA in children with SC remains a subject of ongoing debate. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of Le Fort III procedure in the management of OSA in children with SC. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed in children with SC and OSA diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG), which was defined as an apnea and hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 1...

Objective  Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by episodic cessations of breathing due to upper airway obstruction during sleep, which may cause disturbances in dietary patterns resulting from appetite-related hormonal changes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between OSAS and nutritional and dietary patterns. Materials and Methods  A total of 20 female and 53 male OSAS patients aged > 30 years were enrolled. Demographic data, as well as data on smoking and alcohol habits, were noted, anthropometric measures were made, and a questionnaire regarding chronic diseases including OSAS and four questionnaires on recent food intake frequency and content of nutrition were filled out...

BACKGROUND: Despite being one of the most prevalent sleep disorders, obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome (OSAHS) has limited information on its immunologic foundation. The immunological underpinnings of certain major psychiatric diseases have been uncovered in recent years thanks to the extensive use of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genotyping techniques using high-density genetic markers ( e.g. , SNP or CNVs). But this tactic hasn't yet been applied to OSAHS...

UNLABELLED: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS) have been variably implicated in risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but there is lack of consensus on these relationships. We sought to assess subclinical CVD measures and RLS/PLMS in a large cohort to further evaluate these associations. The Emory Center for Health Discovery and Well Being cohort is composed of employed adults, with subclinical CVD measures including endothelial function (flow-mediated vasodilation), microvascular function (reactive hyperemia index, RHI), arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity and augmentation index), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT)...

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of serum adiponectin (AP) levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and explore the correlation between serum AP and polysomnography (PSG) parameters in patients with OSAHS. METHODS: The data of subjects who underwent PSG at the hospital between January 2021 and December 2022 were collected retrospectively and divided into simple snoring group (AHI < 5 times/h, n  = 45), mild OSAHS group (5 ≤ AHI < 15 times/h, n  = 63), moderate OSAHS group (15 ≤ AHI ≤ 30 times/h, n  = 52), and severe OSAHS group (AHI > 30 times/h, n  = 60)...

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) and Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease (LPRD) are interrelated medical conditions affecting the respiratory system. This article aimed to investigate the potential correlation between the two. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on a total of 52 participants diagnosed with both OSAHS and LPRD. Clinical data of baseline demographics of year, sex, BMI, including clinical indicators such as AHI (Apnea Hypopnea Index), OSAHS severity grading, RFS (Reflux Finding Score), RSI (Reflux Symptom Index), and 24-hour pH level were collected...

OBJECTIVE: To determine if the prevalence and severity of restless legs syndrome (RLS) varies with apnea severity and analyze differences between the sexes in terms of comorbid RLS with symptoms of depression, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS: Symptoms of depression, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness were defined as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ≥10, Insomnia Severity Index score ≥15, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale score ≥11...

INTRODUCTION: Most patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) have macroglossia with some requiring tongue reduction surgery (TRS). This study reports correlations between levels of affected cells (mosaicism) and BWS clinical score in patients evaluated for TRS. We also show correlations of clinical score and mosaicism with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity. METHODS: Blood mosaicism levels and BWS clinical score were recorded in patients with macroglossia referred to plastic surgery for evaluation...