keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547199/prognostic-accuracy-of-early-warning-scores-for-predicting-serious-illness-and-in-hospital-mortality-in-patients-with-covid-19
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehnaz Kamal, S M Tafsir Hasan, Monira Sarmin, Subhasish Das, Lubaba Shahrin, A S G Faruque, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Tahmeed Ahmed
A simple bedside triage tool is essential to stratify COVID-19 patients in the emergency department (ED). This study aimed to identify an early warning score (EWS) that could best predict the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Data were obtained from medical records of 219 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 positive patients. We calculated 13 EWSs based on the admission characteristics of the patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the performance of the scores in predicting serious illness and in-hospital mortality...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544274/a-sub-picoampere-measurement-algorithm-for-use-in-dosimetry-of-time-varying-radiation-fields
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michał Kuć, Maciej Maciak, Piotr Tulik
Dosimetry based on gas detectors operating in the recombination and saturation region provides unique research opportunities but requires high-quality electrometers with a measuring range below 1 pA (10-12 A). The standard approach in electrometry is to strive to increase the accuracy and precision of the measurement, ignoring the importance of its duration. The article presents an algorithm for the measurement of low current values (from 100 fA) that allows both a fast measurement (with a step of 2.3 ms) and high accuracy (measurement error below 0...
March 21, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541092/surge-of-sympathetic-activity-during-hyperventilation-at-the-end-of-apnea-for-patients-with-obstructive-sleep-apnea
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jui-Kun Chiang, Yen-Chang Lin, Hsueh-Hsin Kao, Yee-Hsin Kao
Background and Objectives : The mechanisms connecting obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular disease are multifactorial, involving intermittent hypoxia, hypercapnia, and sympathetic activation. The aim of this study was to explore the oscillations of sympathetic activity during the sleep apnea episodes throughout the entire night in patients with OSA. Materials and Methods : The participants received whole-night polysomnography (PSG), and electrocardiogram (EKG) data from the PSG were collected for heart rate variability (HRV) analysis...
February 22, 2024: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540650/predicting-mortality-for-covid-19-patients-admitted-to-an-emergency-department-using-early-warning-scores-in-poland
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patryk Rzońca, Sławomir Butkiewicz, Paula Dobosz, Artur Zaczyński, Marcin Podgórski, Robert Gałązkowski, Waldemar Wierzba, Katarzyna Życińska
COVID-19 disease is characterised by a wide range of symptoms that in most cases resemble flu or cold. Early detection of infections, monitoring of patients' conditions, and identification of patients with worsening symptoms became crucial during the peak of pandemic. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the performance of common early warning scores at the time of admission to an emergency department in predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. The study was based on a retrospective analysis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to an emergency department between March 2020 and April 2022...
March 19, 2024: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539648/timing-of-deep-and-rem-sleep-based-on-fitbit-sleep-staging-in-young-healthy-adults-under-real-life-conditions
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charlotte von Gall, Leon Holub, Amira A H Ali, Simon Eickhoff
Sleep timing is controlled by intrinsic homeostatic and circadian components. The circadian component controls the chronotype, which is defined by the propensity to sleep at a particular clock time. However, sleep timing can be significantly affected by external factors such as the morning alarm clock. In this study, we analysed the timing of deep and REM sleep as well as the composition of REM sleep using Fitbit sleep staging in young healthy adults ( n = 59) under real-life conditions. Sleep stage percentiles were correlated with the timing of total sleep in time after sleep onset for the homeostatic component and in clock time for the circadian component...
March 6, 2024: Brain Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538023/nocturnal-pressure-controlled-ventilation-improves-sleep-efficiency-in-patients-receiving-mechanical-ventilation
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tzu-Tao Chen, Kun-Ta Lee, Ka-Wai Tam, Ming-Chi Hu
BACKGROUND: Patients receiving mechanical ventilation commonly experience sleep fragmentation. The present meta-analysis compared the effects of pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) and pressure support ventilation (PSV) on sleep quality. METHODS: We conducted a search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for studies published before November 2023. In this meta-analysis, individual effect sizes were standardized, and the pooled effect size was determined by using random-effects models...
March 27, 2024: Respiratory Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537873/sleep-and-local-field-potential-effect-of-the-d2-receptor-agonist-bromocriptine-during-the-estrus-cycle-and-postpartum-period-in-female-rats
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Attila Tóth, Dóra Keserű, Máté Pethő, László Détári, Norbert Bencsik, Árpád Dobolyi, Tünde Hajnik
BACKGROUND: Pituitary lactotrophs are under tonic dopaminergic inhibitory control and bromocriptine treatment blocks prolactin secretion. METHODS: Sleep and local field potential were addressed for 72 h after bromocriptine treatments applied during the different stages of the estrus cycle and for 24 h in the early- and middle postpartum period characterized by spontaneously different dynamics of prolactin release in female rats. RESULTS: Sleep changes showed strong dependency on the estrus cycle phase of the drug application...
March 25, 2024: Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537642/interaction-of-acetylcholine-and-oxytocin-neuromodulation-in-the-hippocampus
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiyao Zhang, Mursel Karadas, JingJing Liu, Xinyi Gu, Mihály Vöröslakos, Yulong Li, Richard W Tsien, György Buzsáki
A postulated role of subcortical neuromodulators is to control brain states. Mechanisms by which different neuromodulators compete or cooperate at various temporal scales remain an open question. We investigated the interaction of acetylcholine (ACh) and oxytocin (OXT) at slow and fast timescales during various brain states. Although these neuromodulators fluctuated in parallel during NREM packets, transitions from NREM to REM were characterized by a surge of ACh but a continued decrease of OXT. OXT signaling lagged behind ACh...
March 18, 2024: Neuron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533826/-in-silico-validation-of-hyaluronic-acid-drug-conjugates-based-targeted-drug-delivery-for-the-treatment-of-covid-19
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohan Mani, Mahesh Vellusamy, Thirumalaisamy Rathinavel, Pullar Vadivel, Manuel Dauchez, Riaz Khan, Vincent Aroulmoji
The impact of COVID-19 urges scientists to develop targeted drug delivery to manage Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral infections with a fast recovery rate. The aim of the study is to develop Hyaluronic Acid (HA) drug conjugates of viral drugs to target two important enzymes (Mpro and PLpro) of SARS-CoV-2. Three antiviral drugs, namely Dexamethasone (DEX), Favipiravir (FAV), and Remdesivir (REM), were chosen for HA conjugation due to their reactive functional groups. Free forms of drugs (DEX, FAV, REM) and HA drug conjugates (HA-DEX, HA-FAV, HA-REM, HA-RHA, HA-RHE) were validated against Mpro (PDB ID 6LU7) and PLpro (PDB 7LLZ), which play an essential role in the replication and reproduction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529368/efficacy-of-osimertinib-and-the-role-of-sequential-liquid-biopsy-in-patients-diagnosed-with-nsclc-harboring-egfr-and-braf-mutations-at-baseline-insights-from-two-case-reports
#10
Loc Carlo Bao, Alessia Padovan, Andrea Boscolo Bragadin, Lorenzo Calvetti, Valentina Guarneri, Laura Bonanno, Stefano Indraccolo
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and B-Raf (BRAF) mutations are two of the most important drivers identified in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This report highlights two cases of patients diagnosed with metastatic NSCLC bearing concurrent EGFR and BRAF mutations at baseline and treated with osimertinib as first-line treatment. Molecular profiling was conducted in the tissue and plasma at the time of initial diagnosis, and subsequent repeated liquid biopsy examinations were planned after 10 days, 28 days, and at the time of radiological progression in the frame of the prospective translational study REM...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529064/identification-of-leaf-diseases-in-field-crops-based-on-improved-shufflenetv2
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanmi Zhou, Jiageng Chen, Xiaoli Niu, Zhiguang Dai, Long Qin, Linshuang Ma, Jichen Li, Yumin Su, Qi Wu
Rapid and accurate identification and timely protection of crop disease is of great importance for ensuring crop yields. Aiming at the problems of large model parameters of existing crop disease recognition methods and low recognition accuracy in the complex background of the field, we propose a lightweight crop leaf disease recognition model based on improved ShuffleNetV2. First, the repetition number and the number of output channels of the basic module of the ShuffleNetV2 model are redesigned to reduce the model parameters to make the model more lightweight while ensuring the accuracy of the model...
2024: Frontiers in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528664/hysteresis-elimination-for-an-anisotropic-liquid-crystal-model-via-molecule-design-and-replica-exchange-optimization
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akie Kowaguchi, Paul E Brumby, Kenji Yasuoka
The phenomenon of hysteresis in simulations, in which a system's current state is correlated to previous states and inhibits the transition to a more stable phase, may often lead to misleading results in physical chemistry. In this study, in addition to the replica exchange method (REM), a novel approach was taken by combining an evolution strategy based on the evolutionary principles of nature to predict phase transitions for the Hess-Su liquid-crystal model. In this model, an anisotropy term is added to the simple 6-12 Lennard-Jones model to intuitively reproduce the behavior of liquid crystals...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524169/quetiapine-improves-sensorimotor-gating-deficit-in-a-sleep-deprivation-induced-rat-model
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Öznur Özge Özcan, Burcu Çevreli, Arzu Temizyürek, Mesut Karahan, Muhsin Konuk
BACKGROUND: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs pre-stimulus inhibition, but the effect of quetiapine (QET) remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the behavioral and cognitive effects of QET in both naïve and sleep-deprived rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven groups ( n  = 49) of male Wistar Albino rats were used in this study. SD was performed using the modified multiple platform technique in a water tank for 72 h...
April 2024: Sleep and Biological Rhythms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524144/changes-of-serum-adiponectin-level-in-patients-with-obstructive-sleep-apnea-hypopnea-syndrome-and-its-relationship-with-sleep-monitoring-indexes
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ji Li, Kejing Zhou, Xing Chen
OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of serum adiponectin (AP) levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and explore the correlation between serum AP and polysomnography (PSG) parameters in patients with OSAHS. METHODS: The data of subjects who underwent PSG at the hospital between January 2021 and December 2022 were collected retrospectively and divided into simple snoring group (AHI < 5 times/h, n  = 45), mild OSAHS group (5 ≤ AHI < 15 times/h, n  = 63), moderate OSAHS group (15 ≤ AHI ≤ 30 times/h, n  = 52), and severe OSAHS group (AHI > 30 times/h, n  = 60)...
2024: Canadian Respiratory Journal: Journal of the Canadian Thoracic Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523606/the-effects-of-tai-chi-exercise-on-sleep-quality-among-the-elderly-a-study-based-on-polysomnographic-monitoring
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chao Wang, Tao Jiang, Hansen Li, Guikang Cao, Guodong Zhang
BACKGROUND: Sleep disorders contribute to an increased risk of depression, cardiovascular issues, and various other diseases among older individuals. Consequently, enhancing the sleep quality of this demographic population has become a pressing concern. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of an 8-week Tai Chi exercise intervention in the sleep quality of older adults. METHODS: Sixty individuals aged 60 years and above, recruited from the community around Southwest University in Beibei District, Chongqing City, were randomly assigned to either a control group (30 participants) or an intervention group (30 participants)...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523067/reactive-eutectic-media-for-lignocellulosic-biomass-fractionation
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Helen Schneider, Nataliia Doskaliuk, Ella Buchner, Markus Antonietti, Svitlana Filonenko
This study introduces an alternative approach towards lignocellulosic biomass fractionation. For this purpose, reactive eutectic media (REM) based on ammonium formate and different organic acids are investigated, possible products are identified, and the REM are employed for lignin extraction and terminal isolation of cellulose pulp from beech wood. The method promises a considerable process intensification by simultaneous separation of high purity cellulose pulp, lignin isolation as a cationically modified species, and production of value-added chemicals from reaction products of the REM...
March 24, 2024: ChemSusChem
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519958/sleep-alterations-as-a-function-of-88-health-indicators
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Péter Przemyslaw Ujma, Róbert Bódizs
BACKGROUND: Alterations in sleep have been described in multiple health conditions and as a function of several medication effects. However, evidence generally stems from small univariate studies. Here, we apply a large-sample, data-driven approach to investigate patterns between in sleep macrostructure, quantitative sleep EEG, and health. METHODS: We use data from the MrOS Sleep Study, containing polysomnography and health data from a large sample (N = 3086) of elderly American men to establish associations between sleep macrostructure, the spectral composition of the electroencephalogram, 38 medical disorders, 2 health behaviors, and the use of 48 medications...
March 22, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519273/brain-first-vs-body-first-parkinson-s-disease-an-update-on-recent-evidence
#18
REVIEW
Jacob Horsager, Per Borghammer
We recently proposed a new disease model of Parkinson's disease - the a-Synuclein Origin site and Connectome model. The model posits that the initial pathology starts either in the olfactory bulb or amygdala leading to a brain-first subtype, or in the enteric nervous system leading to a body-first subtype. These subtypes should be distinguishable early in the disease course on a range of imaging, clinical, and neuropathological markers. Here, we review recent original human studies, which tested the predictions of the model...
March 15, 2024: Parkinsonism & related Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519116/national-benchmarks-to-understand-how-doctor-of-physical-therapy-learners-from-minoritized-race-and-ethnicity-groups-perceive-their-physical-therapist-education-program
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard K Shields, Julia Chevan, Kai Kennedy, Charlotte Bailey, Shauna Dudley-Javoroski
OBJECTIVE: The demographic homogeneity of the physical therapist workforce and its educational pathway may undermine the profession's potential to improve the health of society. Building academic environments that support the development of all learners is fundamental to building a workforce to meet societal health care needs. The Benchmarking in Physical Therapy Education study uses the Physical Therapy Graduation Questionnaire to comprehensively assess learner perceptions of the physical therapist academic environment...
March 22, 2024: Physical Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517805/opportunities-and-pitfalls-of-rem-sleep-behavior-disorder-and-olfactory-dysfunction-as-early-markers-in-parkinson-s-disease
#20
REVIEW
Beatrice Orso, Sarah Brosse, Johannes Frasnelli, Dario Arnaldi
During its pre-motor stage, Parkinson's disease (PD) presents itself with a multitude of non-motor symptoms with different degrees of specificity and sensitivity. The most important among them are REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and olfactory dysfunction. RBD is a parasomnia characterized by the loss of REM sleep muscle atonia and dream-enacting behaviors. Olfactory dysfunction in individuals with prodromal PD is usually described as hyposmia (reduced sense of smell) or anosmia (complete loss of olfactory function)...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Parkinson's Disease
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