Sucrose

In this research, the co-pigmentation reactions between black cherry plum ( Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. cv. Pissardii Nigra) anthocyanins and caffeic, gallic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, malic, and tannic acids with different concentrations (0, 120, 240, 480, and 960 mg L-1 ) at various temperatures (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100°C) were investigated at pH 3.5. The strongest immediate co-pigmentations resulted at 960 mg L-1 , being significantly highest using tannic acid at all temperatures...

Dietary variation in males and females can shape the expression of offspring life histories and physiology. However, the relative contributions of maternal and paternal dietary variation to phenotypic expression of latter generations is currently unknown. We provided male and female Drosophila melanogaster grandparents with diets differing in sucrose concentration prior to reproduction, and similarly subjected their grandoffspring to the same treatments. We then investigated the phenotypic consequences of this dietary variation among the grandsons and granddaughters...

We have synthesized cobalt ferrite (CoFe2 O4 ) using the sucrose auto-combustion method and subsequently employed the in situ polymerization technique to fabricate ternary composites comprising CoFe2 O4 , polyaniline (PANI), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). In this novel investigation, we explored the influence of varying MWCNTs ratios on these composites' structural, magnetic, thermal, and electrical properties. The crystal structures of the synthesized composites were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy revealed changes in bonding patterns, including the disappearance of ferrite bonds and the emergence of new ones...

BACKGROUND: The neuronal and gliaI populations within the brain are tightly interwoven, making isolation and study of large populations of a single cell type from brain tissue a major technical challenge. Concurrently, cell-type specific extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold enormous diagnostic and therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). NEW METHOD: Postmortem AD cortical samples were thawed and gently dissociated. Following filtration, myelin and red blood cell removal, cell pellets were immunolabeled with fluorescent antibodies and analyzed by flow cytometry...

We previously reported that solute carrier family 22 member 18 (Slc22a18) regulates lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Here, we provide additional evidence derived from experiments with adenoviral vector expression and genetic manipulation of mice. In primary cultured rat hepatocytes, adenoviral overexpression of mouse Slc22a18 increased triglyceride accumulation and triglyceride synthetic activity, which was decreased in an adenoviral knockdown experiment. Adenoviral overexpression of mouse Slc22a18 in vivo caused massive fatty liver in mice, even under normal dietary conditions...

The two disaccharides, trehalose and sucrose, have been compared in many studies due to their structural similarity. Both possess the ability to stabilise and reduce aggregation of proteins. Trehalose has also been shown to inhibit the formation of highly structured protein aggregates called amyloid fibrils. This study aims to compare how the thermal stability of the protein lysozyme at low pH (2.0 and 3.5) is affected by the presence of the two disaccharides. We also address the anti-aggregating properties of the disaccharides and their inhibitory effects on fibril formation...

The potential of Aspergillus niger , to enhance non-exchangeable potassium (K+ ) release from mineral structures were investigated as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional chemical fertilizers. Optimizing the culture medium for maximum K+ release, alongside identifying potential mechanisms of action of the A. niger including the production of various organic acids and pH reduction in the minerals feldspar and phlogopite, were among the primary objectives of the present study...

UNLABELLED: Seaweed extracts have enormous potential as bio-stimulants and demonstrated increased growth and yield in different crops. The presence of physiologically active component stimulate plant stress signaling pathways, enhances growth and productivity, as well as serve as plant defense agents. The seaweed extracts can reduce the use of chemicals that harm the environment for disease management. In the present study, the Sargassum tenerrimum extract treatment was applied, alone and in combination with Sclerotium rolfsii , to Arachis hypogea , to study the differential metabolite expression...

This article examined the effect of geographical (different climate conditions) and floral origins on some quality parameters of honey including the activity of diastase enzyme. Moreover, some non-quality parameters were investigated such as the pH, fructose, glucose, ratio of fructose/glucose and invertase. The honey samples were collected from Asir (cold climate) and Jazan (hot climate) regions at the southwestern part of Saudi Arabia. The geographical origin significantly affected the mean value moisture of the Acacia honey (p-value = 0...

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c is involved in cellular lipid homeostasis and cholesterol biosynthesis and is highly increased in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the molecular mechanism by which SREBP-1c regulates hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation in NASH animal models and patients have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the role of SREBP-1c in NASH and the regulation of LCN2 gene expression. Wild-type and SREBP-1c knockout (1cKO) mice were fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet, treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ), and subjected to lipocalin-2 (LCN2) overexpression...

Chemical constituents of 70% ethanol extract of Alangium chinense subsp. pauciflorum were investigated. The 70% ethanol extract of A. chinense subsp. pauciflorum was isolated and purified by D-101 macroporous resins, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and other methods. As a result, nineteen compounds were isolated and identified as 4-cyclohexene-1α,2α,3α-triol-1-O-β-D-glucoside(1), 1β,4α,6α,13-tetrahydroxy-eudesm-11(12)-ene(2), sucrose(3), 1'-O-benzyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1″→6')-β-D-glucopyranoside(4), bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate(5),(Z)-10-heneicosenoic acid(6), di-O-methylcrenati(7), methyl-α-D-fructofuranoside(8), β-daucosterol(9), syringic acid(10), vanillicacid(11), octacosanol(12), isoarborinol(13), 2,7-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-1-naphthalenecarboxylate(14),vanillin(15), coniferyl aldehyde(16), 9(11)-dehydroergosterolperoxide(17), 5α,8α-epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(18), β-sitosterol(19), respectively...

High sugar-sweetened beverage intake has been related to kidney disease and metabolic alterations in humans. We determine the impact of high sucrose intake from pregnancy until early postnatal days, and during postweaning on kidneys from adult male offspring rats. Wistar female rats were mated and assigned into two groups: one control drinking tap water (CM) and another drinking 5% sucrose diluted in water (SM). At weaning, two offspring per mother were randomly allocated into two experimental groups, one of them had free access to simple water (CO) and the other to 5% sucrose (SO) for 14 weeks...

Associative learning can drive many different types of behaviors, including food consumption. Previous studies have shown that cues paired with food delivery while mice are hungry will lead increased consumption in the presence of those cues at later times. We previously showed that overconsumption can be driven in male mice by contextual cues, using chow pellets. Here we extended our findings by examining other parameters that may influence the outcome of context-conditioned overconsumption training. We found that the task worked equally well in males and females, and that palatable substances such as high-fat diet and Ensure chocolate milkshake supported learning and induced overconsumption...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of arginine, with or without sodium fluoride (NaF; 1,450 ppm), on saliva-derived microcosm biofilms and enamel demineralization. METHODS: Saliva-derived biofilms were grown on bovine enamel blocks in 0.2% sucrose-containing modified McBain medium, according to six experimental groups: control (McBain 0.2%); 2.5% arginine; 8% arginine; NaF; 2.5% arginine with NaF; and 8% arginine with NaF. After 5 days of growth, biofilm viability was assessed by colony-forming units counting, laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to determine biofilm vitality and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production, while biofilm metabolism was evaluated using the resazurin assay and lactic acid quantification...

The worst-case scenario related to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) arises after a long period of exposure to the harmful effect of alcohol consumption along with other hepatotoxics. ALD encompasses a broad spectrum of liver-associated disorders, such as steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Based on the chronic administration of different hepatotoxics, including ethanol, sucrose, lipopolysaccharide, and low doses of diethylnitrosamine over a short period, here we aimed to develop a multiple hepatotoxic (MHT)-ALD model in the mouse that recapitulates the human ALD-associated disorders...

Overexpression of BnaC02.TPS8 increased low N and high sucrose-induced anthocyanin accumulation. Anthocyanin plays a crucial role in safeguarding photosynthetic tissues against high light, UV radiation, and oxidative stress. Their accumulation is triggered by low nitrogen (N) stress and elevated sucrose levels in Arabidopsis. Trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) serves as a pivotal signaling molecule, sensing sucrose availability, and carbon (C) metabolism. However, the mechanisms governing the regulation of T6P synthase (TPS) genes responsible for anthocyanin accumulation under conditions of low N and high sucrose remain elusive...

UNLABELLED: Food intake varies across the stages of a rat's estrous cycle. It is reasonable to hypothesize that this cyclic fluctuation in consumption reflects an impact of hormones on taste palatability/preference, but evidence for this hypothesis has been mixed, and critical within-subject experiments in which rats sample multiple tastes during each of the four main estrous phases (metestrus, diestrus, proestrus, and estrus) have been scarce. Here, we assayed licking for pleasant (sucrose, NaCl, saccharin) and aversive (quinine-HCl, citric acid) tastes each day for 5-10 days while tracking rats' estrous cycles through vaginal cytology...

Nanoplastic represents an emerging abiotic stress facing modern agriculture, impacting global crop production. However, the molecular response of crop plants to this stress remains poorly understood at a spatiotemporal resolution. We therefore used RNA sequencing to profile the transcriptome expressed in rice (Oryza sativa) root and leaf organs at 1, 2, 4, and 8 d post exposure with nanoplastic. We revealed a striking similarity between the rice biomass dynamics in aboveground parts to that in belowground parts during nanoplastic stress, but transcriptome did not...

BACKGROUND: Depression is a serious mental disorder and the most prevalent cause of disability and suicide worldwide. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) can lead to a significant acceleration of depression development. Quercetin (Que) is a flavonoid compound with a wide range of pharmacological effects. Recent studies have shown that quercetin can improve CUMS-induced depression-like behavior, but the mechanism of its improvement is still unclear. α2δ-1 is a regulatory subunit of voltage-gated calcium channel, which can interact with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) to form a complex...

Upon systemic S. indica colonization in split-root system cyst and root-knot nematodes benefit from endophyte-triggered carbon allocation and altered defense responses what significantly facilitates their development in A. thaliana. Serendipita indica is an endophytic fungus that establishes mutualistic relationships with different plants including Arabidopsis thaliana. It enhances host's growth and resistance to different abiotic and biotic stresses such as infestation by the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii (CN)...