keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447656/effects-of-primary-leachates-of-conventional-and-alternative-plastics-in-cyprinodon-variegatus-fish-larvae-endocrine-disruption-and-toxicological-responses
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandra Isabel Moreno Abril, Ana Olmos Pin, Ricardo Beiras
The inclusion of hazardous substances in the formulation of plastics raises significant concerns, particularly, if those substances are released as primary leachates during plastic degradation and/or fragmentation. In this sense, the production of degradable plastics holding deleterious additives can increase the release of harmful substances into the environment. Additionally, the effects of primary leachates of "eco-friendly" materials remain unexplored. To address this, we performed exposures to primary leachates of alternative polymers, and commercial bags to verify possible responses associated with endocrine disruption and/or activation of the detoxification pathway in larvae of the marine fish model Cyprinodon variegatus...
March 4, 2024: Environmental Pollution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38318613/glycerol-derived-organic-carbonates-environmentally-friendly-plasticizers-for-pla
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyeon Jeong Seo, Yeong Hyun Seo, Sang Uk Park, Hyun Ju Lee, Mi Ryu Lee, Jun Hyeong Park, Woo Yeon Cho, Pyung Cheon Lee, Bun Yeoul Lee
Polylactic acid (PLA) stands as a promising material, sourced from renewables and exhibiting biodegradability-albeit under stringent industrial composting settings. A primary challenge impeding PLA's broad applications is its inherent brittleness, as it fractures with minimal elongation despite its commendable tensile strength. A well-established remedy involves blending PLA with plasticizers. In this study, a range of organic carbonates-namely, 4-ethoxycarbonyloximethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one (1), 4-methoxycarbonyloximethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-one (2), glycerol carbonate (3), and glycerol 1-acetate 2,3-carbonate (4)-were synthesized on a preparative scale (∼100 g), using renewable glycerol and CO2 -derived diethyl carbonate (DEC) or dimethyl carbonate (DMC)...
January 31, 2024: RSC Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38044370/characterization-and-source-apportionment-of-microplastics-in-indian-composts
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dilraj Surendran, George Kuttiparichel Varghese, Christian Zafiu
Microplastics (MP), small plastic particles under 5 mm, are pollutants known to carry heavy metals in ecosystems. Composts are a significant source of soil microplastics. This study examined MSW composts from Kochi and Kozhikode in India for microplastic concentrations and heavy metals' accumulation thereon. Microplastics were isolated using zinc chloride density separation, with Fenton's reagent used for organic matter oxidation. Resin types were identified using FTIR analysis that showed the presence of PE, PP, PS, nylon, PET, and allyl alcohol copolymer...
December 4, 2023: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37779887/a-green-conformable-thermoformed-printed-circuit-board-sourced-from-renewable-materials
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amirsoheil Honarbari, Pietro Cataldi, Arkadiusz Zych, Danila Merino, Niloofar Paknezhad, Luca Ceseracciu, Giovanni Perotto, Marco Crepaldi, Athanassia Athanassiou
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) physically support and connect electronic components to the implementation of complex circuits. The most widespread insulating substrate that also acts as a mechanical support in PCBs is commercially known as FR4, and it is a glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin laminate. FR4 has exceptional dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties. However, it was designed without considering sustainability and end-of-life aspects, heavily contributing to the accumulation of electronic waste in the environment...
September 26, 2023: ACS applied electronic materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37631415/use-of-raw-peach-gum-as-a-sustainable-additive-for-the-development-of-water-sensitive-and-biodegradable-thermoplastic-starch-films
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Juan-Polo, Cristina Pavon, Harrison de la Rosa-Ramírez, Juan López-Martínez
In this study, formulations of thermoplastic starch (TPS) with 5, 10, and 15 parts per hundred resin (phr) of raw peach gum (PG) were prepared by melt extrusion followed by injection molding to obtain standard specimens for characterization. In addition, biodegradable films were developed by compression molding. It was determined that TPS with 5 phr and 10 phr of PG presented similar mechanical behavior to pure TPS after the processing. However, results indicated that adding PG in 10 phr slowed down the starch's retrogradation, delaying the TPS structure's stiffening...
August 10, 2023: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37513042/thermal-nanoimprint-lithography-a-review-of-the-process-mold-fabrication-and-material
#6
REVIEW
Noriyuki Unno, Tapio Mäkelä
Micro- and nanopatterns perform unique functions and have attracted attention in various industrial fields, such as electronic devices, microfluidics, biotechnology, optics, sensors, and smart and anti-adhesion surfaces. To put fine-patterned products to practical use, low-cost patterning technology is necessary. Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a promising technique for high-throughput nanopattern fabrication. In particular, thermal nanoimprint lithography (T-NIL) has the advantage of employing flexible materials and eliminating chemicals and solvents...
July 8, 2023: Nanomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37212223/-polyethylene-biodegradation-current-status-and-perspectives
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liting Zhang, Bo Zhang, Weidong Xu, Zhongli Cui, Hui Cao
Polyethylene (PE) is the most abundantly used synthetic resin and one of the most resistant to degradation, and its massive accumulation in the environment has caused serious pollution. Traditional landfill, composting and incineration technologies can hardly meet the requirements of environmental protection. Biodegradation is an eco-friendly, low-cost and promising method to solve the plastic pollution problem. This review summarizes the chemical structure of PE, the species of PE degrading microorganisms, degrading enzymes and metabolic pathways...
May 25, 2023: Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao, Chinese Journal of Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35377366/quantification-of-humic-and-fulvic-acids-in-humate-ores-doc-humified-materials-and-humic-substance-containing-commercial-products
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard T Lamar, Hiarhi Monda
The purpose of this method is to provide an accurate and precise concentration of humic (HA) and/or fulvic acids (FA) in soft coals, humic ores and shales, peats, composts and humic substance-containing commercial products. The method is based on the alkaline extraction of test materials, using 0.1 N NaOH as an extractant, and separation of the alkaline soluble humic substances (HS) from nonsoluble products by centrifugation. The pH of the centrifuged alkaline extract is then adjusted to pH 1 with conc. HCl, which results in precipitation of the HA...
March 18, 2022: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35128770/thionolactone-as-a-resin-additive-to-prepare-bio-degradable-3d-objects-via-vat-photopolymerization
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noémie Gil, Constance Thomas, Rana Mhanna, Jessica Mauriello, Romain Maury, Benjamin Leuschel, Jean-Pierre Malval, Jean-Louis Clément, Didier Gigmes, Catherine Lefay, Olivier Soppera, Yohann Guillaneuf
Three-dimensional (3D) printing and especially VAT photopolymerization leads to cross-linked materials with high thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability. Nevertheless, these properties are incompatible with requirements of degradability and re/upcyclability. We show here that thionolactone and in particular dibenzo[c,e]-oxepane-5-thione (DOT) can be used as an additive (2 wt %) to acrylate-based resins to introduce weak bonds into the network via a radical ring-opening polymerization process. The low amount of additive makes it possible to modify the printability of the resin only slightly, keep its resolution intact, and maintain the mechanical properties of the 3D object...
April 25, 2022: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34748032/comparison-of-lc-esi-dart-and-asap-for-the-analysis-of-oligomers-migration-from-biopolymer-food-packaging-materials-in-food-simulants
#10
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Jazmín Osorio, Margarita Aznar, Cristina Nerín, Christopher Elliott, Olivier Chevallier
Biopolymers based on polylactic acid (PLA) and starch have numerous advantages, such as coming from renewable sources or being compostable, though they can have deficiencies in mechanical properties, and for this reason, polyester resins are occasionally added to them in order to improve their properties. In this work, migration from a PLA sample and from another starch-based biopolymer to three different food simulants was studied. Attention was focused on the determination of oligomers. The analysis was first performed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), which allowed the identification of the oligomers present in migration...
January 2022: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34071084/films-based-on-thermoplastic-starch-blended-with-pine-resin-derivatives-for-food-packaging
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cristina Pavon, Miguel Aldas, Juan López-Martínez, Joaquín Hernández-Fernández, Marina Patricia Arrieta
Completely biobased and biodegradable thermoplastic starch (TPS) based materials with a tunable performance were prepared for food packaging applications. Five blends were prepared by blending TPS with 10 wt%. of different pine resins derivatives: gum rosin (GR), disproportionated gum rosin (RD), maleic anhydride-modified gum rosin (CM), pentaerythritol ester of gum rosin (LF), and glycerol ester of gum rosin (UG). The materials were characterized in terms of thermo-mechanical behavior, surface wettability, color performance, water absorption, X-ray diffraction pattern, and disintegration under composting conditions...
May 23, 2021: Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34067087/films-based-on-mater-bi-%C3%A2-compatibilized-with-pine-resin-derivatives-optical-barrier-and-disintegration-properties
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miguel Aldas, Cristina Pavon, José Miguel Ferri, Marina Patricia Arrieta, Juan López-Martínez
Mater-Bi® NF866 (MB) was blended with gum rosin and two pentaerythritol esters of gum rosin (labeled as LF and UT), as additives, to produce biobased and compostable films for food packaging or agricultural mulch films. The films were prepared by blending MB with 5, 10, and 15 wt.% of each additive. The obtained films were characterized by optical, colorimetric, wettability, and oxygen barrier properties. Moreover, the additives and the MB-based films were disintegrated under composting conditions and the effect of each additive on the biodegradation rate was studied...
May 7, 2021: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33553944/characterization-of-different-phosphorus-forms-in-flooded-and-upland-paddy-soils-incubated-with-various-manures
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guang-Lei Chen, Liang Xiao, Qiu-Lin Xia, Yu Wang, Jia-Hui Yuan, Hao Chen, Shen-Qiang Wang, Yi-Yong Zhu
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for crop production, and animal manures are rich in P. When using animal manures as alternatives to synthetic fertilizers, it is important to know the kinetics of P release from different animal manures and the forms, amounts, and dynamics of P in manure-treated soils. We chose four types of manure, viz., pig manure (PM), chicken manure (CM), dairy manure (DM), and commercial organic compost (OM), and evaluated the P release rate and availability in water solution and flooded/upland paddy soils...
February 2, 2021: ACS Omega
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32784287/sequential-acid-leaching-anion-exchange-aerobic-composting-process-for-recycle-of-municipal-sludge
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qing Wang, Wenbiao Jin, Xu Zhou, Shuang Liang, Renjie Tu, Song-Fang Han, Xiaochi Feng, Lin Che, Zhongqi He, Wanqing Ding
Municipal sludge disposal and recycle has become a prominent research theme. In this study, a sequential process for integral treatment of municipal sludge was primarily presented, combining acid leaching, anion exchange and aerobic composting. The aim of the process was to remove chromium (Cr) from the sludge and reuse the sludge as manure. Firstly, Cr was removed from municipal sludge via the acid leaching process; the removal rate was up to 57.43%. Then, ion exchange resin was used to remove Cr from leachate; the removal rate reached 95%...
June 2020: Water Science and Technology: a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32722153/a-study-of-the-mechanical-properties-of-composite-materials-with-a-dammar-based-hybrid-matrix-and-two-types-of-flax-fabric-reinforcement
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dumitru Bolcu, Marius Marinel Stănescu
The need to protect the environment has generated, in the past decade, a competition at the producers' level to use, as much as possible, natural materials, which are biodegradable and compostable. This trend and the composite materials have undergone a spectacular development of the natural components. Starting from these tendencies we have made and studied from the point of view of mechanical and chemical properties composite materials with three types of hybrid matrix based on the Dammar natural hybrid resin and two types of reinforcers made of flax fabric...
July 24, 2020: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32340300/tailoring-the-properties-of-thermo-compressed-polylactide-films-for-food-packaging-applications-by-individual-and-combined-additions-of-lactic-acid-oligomer-and-halloysite-nanotubes
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandra Rojas-Lema, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Daniel Garcia-Garcia, Beatriz Melendez-Rodriguez, Rafael Balart, Sergio Torres-Giner
In this work, films of polylactide (PLA) prepared by extrusion and thermo-compression were plasticized with oligomer of lactic acid (OLA) at contents of 5, 10, and 20 wt%. The PLA sample containing 20 wt% of OLA was also reinforced with 3, 6, and 9 parts per hundred resin ( phr ) of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to increase the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the films. Prior to melt mixing, ultrasound-assisted dispersion of the nanoclays in OLA was carried out at 100 °C to promote the HNTs dispersion in PLA and the resultant films were characterized with the aim to ascertain their potential in food packaging...
April 23, 2020: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31963296/a-deeper-microscopic-study-of-the-interaction-between-gum-rosin-derivatives-and-a-mater-bi-type-bioplastic
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miguel Aldas, Emilio Rayón, Juan López-Martínez, Marina P Arrieta
The interaction between gum rosin and gum rosin derivatives with Mater-Bi type bioplastic, a biodegradable and compostable commercial bioplastic, were studied. Gum rosin and two pentaerythritol esters of gum rosin (Lurefor 125 resin and Unik Tack P100 resin) were assessed as sustainable compatibilizers for the components of Mater-Bi® NF 866 polymeric matrix. To study the influence of each additive in the polymeric matrix, each gum rosin-based additive was compounded in 15 wt % by melt-extrusion and further injection molding process...
January 16, 2020: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31634802/effects-of-macroporous-adsorption-resin-on-antibiotic-resistance-genes-and-the-bacterial-community-during-composting
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianfeng Bao, Xiaojuan Wang, Jie Gu, Xiaoxia Dai, Kaiyu Zhang, Qianzhi Wang, Jiyue Ma, Huiling Peng
Swine manure is considered a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which may enter the soil and then the food chain to endanger human health. This study investigated the effects of adding 0%, 5%, and 15% (w/w) macroporous adsorption resin (MAR) on ARGs and the bacterial community during composting. The results showed that the addition of MAR reduced the abundances of ARGs (14.14-99.44%) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) (47.83-99.48%) after swine manure composting. Significant positive correlations were detected between ARGs and MGEs, and thus the variations in MGEs may have led to the changes in ARGs...
January 2020: Bioresource Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31544465/challenges-to-achieving-strong-but-fully-degradable-adhesive-joints-between-wet-cellulose-surfaces
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dong Yang, Yang Chen, Robert H Pelton
The dramatic loss of strength upon exposure to water is one of the challenges preventing the widespread substitution of plastic packaging with paper and paperboard. Although treatment with conventional wet strength resins and other adhesive polymers can strengthen wet paper, it is at the expense of green credentials, including easy recycling or rapid composting. The goal of this work was to demonstrate the adhesive requirements for strong, wet cellulose-cellulose joints that can be recycled easily because the joint strength can be destroyed by the presence of a weak reducing agent...
October 15, 2019: Langmuir: the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30951132/environmental-and-agricultural-relevance-of-humic-fractions-extracted-by-alkali-from-soils-and-natural-waters
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D C Olk, P R Bloom, E M Perdue, D M McKnight, Y Chen, A Farenhorst, N Senesi, Y-P Chin, P Schmitt-Kopplin, N Hertkorn, M Harir
To study the structure and function of soil organic matter, soil scientists have performed alkali extractions for soil humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) fractions for more than 200 years. Over the last few decades aquatic scientists have used similar fractions of dissolved organic matter, extracted by resin adsorption followed by alkali desorption. Critics have claimed that alkali-extractable fractions are laboratory artifacts, hence unsuitable for studying natural organic matter structure and function in field conditions...
March 2019: Journal of Environmental Quality
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