keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491370/actions-speak-louder-than-words-modifications-of-the-applied-academic-books-and-their-reflections-on-students-academic-success-academic-enjoyment-and-academic-resilience
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wael Matar Hasan Alharbi
Innovation is the process of renewing and updating a domain, a product, or a service by introducing new methods, introducing new techniques, or generating effective concepts to produce new value. Considering universal as well as local books, a teacher may find some sections that need modifications and supportive sections. These changes may have an impact on language learners' emotional and/or cognitive development. The purpose of this research was to shed light on the use of creative activities and their consequences on academic enjoyment, academic resilience, and academic performance...
March 15, 2024: BMC Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491343/association-of-neurotransmitter-pathway-polygenic-risk-with-specific-symptom-profiles-in-psychosis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tracy L Warren, Justin D Tubbs, Tyler A Lesh, Mylena B Corona, Sarvenaz S Pakzad, Marina D Albuquerque, Praveena Singh, Vanessa Zarubin, Sarah J Morse, Pak Chung Sham, Cameron S Carter, Alex S Nord
A primary goal of psychiatry is to better understand the pathways that link genetic risk to psychiatric symptoms. Here, we tested association of diagnosis and endophenotypes with overall and neurotransmitter pathway-specific polygenic risk in patients with early-stage psychosis. Subjects included 205 demographically diverse cases with a psychotic disorder who underwent comprehensive psychiatric and neurological phenotyping and 115 matched controls. Following genotyping, we calculated polygenic scores (PGSs) for schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP) using Psychiatric Genomics Consortium GWAS summary statistics...
March 15, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491314/intrinsic-capacity-and-hospitalization-among-older-adults-a-nationally-representative-cross-sectional-study
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elisângela Cristina Ramos Hernandes, Márlon Juliano Romero Aliberti, Ricardo Oliveira Guerra, Eduardo Ferriolli, Monica Rodrigues Perracini
PURPOSE: Monitoring intrinsic capacity (IC) in community-dwelling older people can be potentially used to alert for adverse health outcomes. However, whether there is an association between IC and hospitalization has yet to be fully explored. This study aimed to investigate the association of the IC composite measure and its 5 domains with hospitalization in the previous year and length of hospital stay. METHODS: We conducted cross-sectional analyses using data from a representative sample of community-dwelling adults (≥ 65 years)...
March 15, 2024: European Geriatric Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491226/the-hiv-empowering-adults-decisions-to-share-uk-uganda-heads-up-study-a-randomised-feasibility-trial-of-an-hiv-disclosure-intervention-for-young-adults-with-perinatally-acquired-hiv
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Evangeli, Georgina Gnan, Victor Musiime, Sarah Fidler, Janet Seeley, Graham Frize, Annette Uwizera, Matteo Lisi, Caroline Foster
Young adults with perinatally acquired HIV (PAH) face numerous challenges, including antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, managing onward HIV transmission risks and maintaining wellbeing. Sharing one's HIV status with others (onward HIV disclosure) may assist with these challenges but this is difficult. We developed and tested the feasibility of an intervention to help HIV status sharing decision-making for young adults with PAH. The study used a randomised parallel group feasibility design with 18-25-year-olds in Uganda and 18-29 year-olds in the UK...
March 15, 2024: AIDS and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491146/dual-tasking-modulates-movement-speed-but-not-value-based-choices-during-walking
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eric Grießbach, Philipp Raßbach, Oliver Herbort, Rouwen Cañal-Bruland
Value-based decision-making often occurs in multitasking scenarios relying on both cognitive and motor processes. Yet, laboratory experiments often isolate these processes, thereby neglecting potential interactions. This isolated approach reveals a dichotomy: the cognitive process by which reward influences decision-making is capacity-limited, whereas the influence of motor cost is free of such constraints. If true, dual-tasking should predominantly impair reward processing but not affect the impact of motor costs...
March 15, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491021/math-items-about-real-world-content-lower-test-scores-of-students-from-families-with-low-socioeconomic-status
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marjolein Muskens, Willem E Frankenhuis, Lex Borghans
In many countries, standardized math tests are important for achieving academic success. Here, we examine whether content of items, the story that explains a mathematical question, biases performance of low-SES students. In a large-scale cohort study of Trends in International Mathematics and Science Studies (TIMSS)-including data from 58 countries from students in grades 4 and 8 (N = 5501,165)-we examine whether item content that is more likely related to challenges for low-SES students (money, food, social relationships) improves their performance, compared with their average math performance...
March 15, 2024: NPJ Science of Learning
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490797/association-between-social-capital-and-quality-of-life-in-older-adults-with-subjective-cognitive-decline-a-cross-sectional-study
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiping Chen, Wei Li, Xin Zhang, Hui Cheng, Yuling Tian, Hui Yang
BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is increasingly recognized as a clinical and medical risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Currently, there is little evidence regarding the quality of life (QoL) in older adults with SCD and the impact of social capital on their QoL. AIMS: To examine the perceptions of social capital and QoL among older adults with SCD. METHODS: A total of 325 participants (92.9 % response rate) with a self-reported diagnosis of SCD completed the Chinese version of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, the Chinese Shortened Social Capital Scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale...
February 2024: Applied Nursing Research: ANR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490646/intracranial-self-stimulation-reverses-impaired-spatial-learning-and-regulates-serum-microrna-levels-in-a-streptozotocin-induced-rat-model-of-alzheimer-disease
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Riberas-Sánchez, Irene Puig-Parnau, Laia Vila-Solés, Soleil Garcia-Brito, Laura Aldavert-Vera, Pilar Segura-Torres, Gemma Huguet, Elisabet Kádár
BACKGROUND: The assessment of deep brain stimulation (DBS) as a therapeutic alternative for treating Alzheimer disease (AD) is ongoing. We aimed to determine the effects of intracranial self-stimulation at the medial forebrain bundle (MFB-ICSS) on spatial memory, neurodegeneration, and serum expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in a rat model of sporadic AD created by injection of streptozotocin. We hypothesized that MFB-ICSS would reverse the behavioural effects of streptozotocin and modulate hippocampal neuronal density and serum levels of the miRNAs...
2024: Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience: JPN
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490586/from-identity-based-distress-to-thinking-i-am-better-off-being-dead-minority-stress-posttraumatic-cognitions-and-suicidal-ideation
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Eun Jeon, Morgan Robison, Lee Robertson, Nikhila S Udupa, Miracle R Potter, Thomas E Joiner
BACKGROUND: Suicidal ideation (SI) disproportionately impacts individuals with minoritized race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation. Minority stress - i.e., traumatic, insidious distress that results from acts of discrimination - may lead to the formation of posttraumatic cognitions that may generalize to suicidal ideation, elevating SI risk in minoritized populations. The current study aimed to test this potential relationship by examining whether minority stress and posttraumatic cognitions accounted for the association between discrimination and SI...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Affective Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490565/the-impact-of-prenatal-alcohol-synthetic-cannabinoid-and-co-exposure-on-behavioral-adaptations-in-adolescent-offspring-and-alcohol-self-administration-in-adulthood
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura C Ornelas, Eric W Fish, Jacob C Dooley, Megan Carroll, Scott E Parnell, Joyce Besheer
Prenatal exposure to alcohol or cannabinoids can produce enduring neurobiological, cognitive, and behavioral changes in the offspring. Furthermore, prenatal co-exposure to alcohol and cannabinoids induces malformations in brain regions associated with reward and stress-related circuitry. This study examined the effects of co-exposure to alcohol and the synthetic cannabinoid (SCB) CP55,940 throughout gastrulation and neurulation in rats on basal corticosterone levels and a battery of behavioral tests during adolescence and alcohol self-administration in adulthood...
March 13, 2024: Neurotoxicology and Teratology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490422/neurotoxic-effects-of-polystyrene-nanoplastics-on-memory-and-microglial-activation-insights-from-in-vivo-and-in-vitro-studies
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yunn Me Me Paing, Yunkyung Eom, Gyeong Bae Song, Bokyung Kim, Myung Gil Choi, Sungguan Hong, Sung Hoon Lee
Nanoplastics, arising from the fragmentation of plastics into environmental pollutants and specialized commercial applications, such as cosmetics, have elicited concerns due to their potential toxicity. Evidence suggests that the oral ingestion of nanoplastics smaller than 100 nm may penetrate the brain and induce neurotoxicity. However, comprehensive research in this area has been hampered by technical challenges associated with the detection and synthesis of nanoplastics. This study aimed to bridge this research gap by successfully synthesizing fluorescent polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs, 30-50 nm) through the incorporation of IR-813 and validating them using various analytical techniques...
March 13, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490285/visuospatial-cognition-predicts-performance-on-an-obstructed-vision-obstacle-walking-task-in-older-adults
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven P Winesett, Sudeshna A Chatterjee, Brianne Borgia, Brigette A Cox, Kelly A Hawkins, Jon W Miles, Clayton W Swanson, Julia T Choi, Rachael D Seidler, Emily J Fox, David J Clark
Walking performance and cognitive function demonstrate strong associations in older adults, with both declining with advancing age. Walking requires the use of cognitive resources, particularly in complex environments like stepping over obstacles. A commonly implemented approach for measuring the cognitive control of walking is a dual-task walking assessment, in which walking is combined with a second task. However, dual-task assessments have shortcomings, including issues with scaling the task difficulty and controlling for task prioritization...
March 13, 2024: Experimental Gerontology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490230/patient-family-caregiver-and-economic-outcomes-of-an-integrated-screening-and-novel-stepped-collaborative-care-intervention-in-the-oncology-setting-in-the-usa-cares-a-randomised-parallel-phase-3-trial
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer L Steel, Charles J George, Lauren Terhorst, Jonathan G Yabes, Vincent Reyes, Dan P Zandberg, Marci Nilsen, Gauri Kiefer, Jonas Johnson, Christopher Marsh, Jason Bierenbaum, Nishant Tageja, Michal Krauze, Robert VanderWeele, Gaurav Goel, Gopala Ramineni, Michael Antoni, Yoram Vodovotz, Jon Walker, Samer Tohme, Timothy Billiar, David A Geller
BACKGROUND: The current standard of care of screening and referring patients for treatment for symptoms, such as depression, pain, and fatigue, is not effective. This trial aimed to test the efficacy of an integrated screening and novel stepped collaborative care intervention versus standard of care for patients with cancer and at least one of the following symptoms: depression, pain, or fatigue. METHODS: This randomised, parallel, phase 3 trial was conducted in 29 oncology outpatient clinics associated with the UPMC Hillman Cancer Center in the USA...
March 12, 2024: Lancet
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489954/correlation-between-sarcopenia-index-and-cognitive-function-in-older-adult-women-a-cross-sectional-study-using-nhanes-data
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yajuan Huang, Rui Zhang, Xinyang Hong, Shunjie Liu, Su Zhang, Mengxia Guo, Lishuo Shi, Zhong Li, Yunyun Liu
OBJECTIVES: The Sarcopenia Index (SI) has the potential as a biomarker for sarcopenia, which is characterized by muscle loss. There is a clear association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment. However, the relationship between SI and cognitive impairment is yet to be fully understood. METHODS: We employed data extracted from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years 1999 to 2002. Our study encompassed individuals aged 65 to 80 who possessed accessible information regarding both SI and cognitive evaluations with a GFR ≥ 90...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience: Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489952/transitioning-to-college-testing-cognitive-bias-modification-for-interpretations-as-an-inoculation-tool-for-social-anxiety-in-college-first-years
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah E Dreyer-Oren, Akanksha Das, Rachel B Geyer, Robert E Fite, Elizabeth J Kiel, Elise M Clerkin
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Reducing social anxiety development among incoming college students may improve college adjustment and mental health outcomes. This study tested whether cognitive bias modification for interpretations (CBM-I) reduces social anxiety and increases adjustment during the transition to college, and whether changes in outcomes would be mediated by changes in interpretation biases. METHODS: Participants (N = 73) were randomly assigned to a 3-session weekly CBM-I condition or symptom tracking (ST) control condition...
March 11, 2024: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489473/reliability-validity-and-acceptability-of-an-online-clinical-reasoning-simulator-for-medical-students-an-international-pilot
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eduardo Hornos, Eduardo Pleguezuelos, Laksha Bala, Carlos Fernando Collares, Adrian Freeman, Cees van der Vleuten, Kevin G Murphy, Amir H Sam
INTRODUCTION: Clinical reasoning skills are essential for decision-making. Current assessment methods are limited when testing clinical reasoning and management of uncertainty. This study evaluates the reliability, validity and acceptability of Practicum Script, an online simulation-based programme, for developing medical students' clinical reasoning skills using real-life cases. METHODS: In 2020, we conducted an international, multicentre pilot study using 20 clinical cases with 2457 final-year medical students from 21 schools worldwide...
March 15, 2024: Medical Teacher
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489193/effects-of-an-angiotensin-iv-analog-on-3-nitropropionic-acid-induced-huntington-s-disease-like-symptoms-in-rats
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Russell G Wells, Azzam F Azzam, Amie L Hiller, Michael F Sardinia
BACKGROUND: Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric dysfunction caused by a mutant huntingtin protein. Compromised metabolic activity resulting from systemic administration of the mitochondrial toxin, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP), is known to mimic the pathology of HD and induce HD-like symptoms in rats. N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6)-amino hexanoic amide (PNB-0408), also known as Dihexa, has been shown to have neuroprotective and procognitive properties in animal models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases...
March 10, 2024: Journal of Huntington's Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489191/plasma-phosphorylated-tau-231-increases-at-one-year-intervals-in-cognitively-unimpaired-subjects
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francisco Martínez-Dubarbie, Sara López-García, Carmen Lage, Guglielmo Di Molfetta, Marta Fernández-Matarrubia, Ana Pozueta-Cantudo, María García-Martínez, Andrea Corrales-Pardo, María Bravo, Julio Jiménez-Bonilla, Remedios Quirce, Enrique Marco de Lucas, Marta Drake-Pérez, Diana Tordesillas, Marcos López-Hoyos, Juan Irure-Ventura, Elizabeth Valeriano-Lorenzo, Kaj Blennow, Nicholas J Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Eloy Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Pascual Sánchez-Juan
BACKGROUND: Plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) constitute a non-invasive tool for diagnosing and classifying subjects. They change even in preclinical stages, but it is necessary to understand their properties so they can be helpful in a clinical context. OBJECTIVE: With this work we want to study the evolution of p-tau231 plasma levels in the preclinical stages of AD and its relationship with both cognitive and imaging parameters. METHODS: We evaluated plasma phosphorylated (p)-tau231 levels in 146 cognitively unimpaired subjects in sequential visits...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489188/neural-computation-based-methods-for-the-early-diagnosis-and-prognosis-of-alzheimer-s-disease-not-using-neuroimaging-biomarkers-a-systematic-review
#39
Ylermi Cabrera-León, Patricio García Báez, Pablo Fernández-López, Carmen Paz Suárez-Araujo
BACKGROUND: The growing number of older adults in recent decades has led to more prevalent geriatric diseases, such as strokes and dementia. Therefore, Alzheimer's disease (AD), as the most common type of dementia, has become more frequent too. BACKGROUND: Objective: The goals of this work are to present state-of-the-art studies focused on the automatic diagnosis and prognosis of AD and its early stages, mainly mild cognitive impairment, and predicting how the research on this topic may change in the future...
March 10, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489186/application-of-a-novel-endpoint-staging-framework-proof-of-concept-in-the-ambar-study
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren Podger, Walter F Stewart, Daniel Serrano, Richard B Lipton, David Gomez-Ulloa, Nicolai D Ayasse, Frederick B Barnes, E Anne Davis, M Chris Runken
BACKGROUND: A theoretical endpoint staging framework was previously developed and published, aligning outcomes (i.e., memory) to the stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in which a given outcome is most relevant (i.e., has the greatest risk of degradation). The framework guides the selection of endpoints measuring outcomes relevant within a target AD population. Here, a proof of concept is presented via post-hoc analyses of the Alzheimer Management by Albumin Replacement (AMBAR) Phase 2b clinical trial in patients with AD (NCT01561053, 2012)...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
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