womans imaging

BACKGROUND: Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disorder of immune dysregulation characterized by non-caseating granulomas that can affect any organ. Cardiac sarcoidosis is an under-recognized entity that has a heterogeneous presentation and may occur independently or with any severity of systemic disease. Diagnosing cardiac sarcoidosis remains problematic with endomyocardial biopsies associated with a high risk of complications. Several diagnostic algorithms are currently available that rely on histopathology or clinical and radiological measures...

INTRODUCTION: Duodenal obstructions caused by congenital anatomic abnormalities are rare in adults. Several patients in whom the duodenal obstruction was caused by a congenital duodenal diaphragm have been described. The duodenal obstruction in the patient presented herein was caused by a transverse septum, which has not been previously reported. A transverse septum is usually observed in the vagina; those involving the digestive tract have been rarely observed. CASE PRESENTATION: We herein report a case involving a 69-year-old woman with a congenital duodenal transverse septum causing partial obstruction...

BACKGROUND: Neuroendocrine breast cancer is a rare entity that was defined in 2003 by the World Health Organization as a separate breast cancer subtype. The diagnosis of neuroendocrine breast cancer requires the presence of neuroendocrine features in at least 50% of malignant cells, the exclusion of non-mammary primary tumors, as well as the presence of an in situ component in breast histology. The treatment and prognosis of neuroendocrine breast cancer are still not well established...

BACKGROUND: The use of weight loss drugs and dietary supplements is common, but safety profiles for these drugs are largely unknown. Reports of toxicity have been published, and the use of these agents should be considered in clinical differential diagnoses. METHODS: We report the case of a patient with toxic leukoencephalopathy and hyponatremia associated with oral consumption of a thermogenic dietary supplement and essential oils. RESULTS: A 30-year-old woman presented after 2 days of headache, blurred vision, photophobia, vomiting, and hand spasms...

Schwannomas originating from the olfactory nerve are extremely rare because the olfactory nerve does not normally contain Schwann cells. We describe a case of a giant schwannoma of the olfactory groove. A 73-year-old woman presented with anosmia persisting for 10 months. Head computed tomography(CT)for head trauma at another hospital demonstrated a tumor lesion located in the left frontal lobe and paranasal sinus. She had never suffered epilepsy, and past medical history and family history identified no indicators...

A 35-year-old woman at eight weeks of gestation in her second pregnancy presented with generalized seizures. Magnetic resonance images revealed a small hemorrhagic infarction in the left frontal lobe, and magnetic resonance venography indicated cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. After hospitalization, anticoagulant therapy was continued, and a low protein C level was confirmed, which was also confirmed in both her mother and her sister. Follow-up magnetic resonance venography performed on day 27 confirmed that the cerebral venous sinuses had undergone recanalization...

There are a number of reasons why a pregnant woman might be considered to have an increased risk of carrying a fetus with a brain abnormality, but they fall broadly into two groups. First, there may be a relevant family history usually, but not always, when a fetus/child from a previous pregnancy has a developmental brain abnormality and a clinical geneticist judges that there is a risk of recurrence. Second, there may be findings in their current pregnancy that increases the risk of the fetus either having a developmental brain abnormality or accruing acquired brain pathology...

Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (EWS/PNET) in the kidney is a rare but high-grade malignant tumor that affects predominantly elder children and adolescents. Patients mostly present with nonspecific symptoms such as abdominal pain and gross hematuria. Since EWS/PNET has a rapid clinical progression with early metastasis and death, it is essential to make an accurate and early diagnosis. Once diagnosed, multimodality treatment, including radical surgery combined with adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy if necessary, is recommended...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to assess the attractiveness in the smile arch of different vertical positions of the incisal edges of the maxillary lateral incisors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A frontal photograph of a Caucasian woman's smile was digitally modified to obtain an image with the incisal edges of the maxillary lateral incisors symmetrically tangent to the smile arch. These incisal edges were then moved vertically by 0.5 mm increments. The value was considered positive for an occlusal shift and negative for a gingival shift...

Diagnosis and management of pre-rupture stage of the pregnant horn are difficult and usually missed on a routine ultrasound scan. Also most cases are detected after rupture of pregnant horn. We presented a 28-year-oldG2 L1 woman with diagnosis of rudimentary horn pregnancy (RHP) at 14 weeks of gestation. We diagnosed her with a normal intrauterine pregnancy, whereas a pregnancy in a right-sided non-communicating rudimentary horn with massive hemoperitoneum was later discovered on laparotomy. RHP has a high risk of death for mother, so there must be a strong clinical suspicion for the diagnosis of RHP...

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is characterized by a clinical and radiological entity with the sudden onset of seizures, headache, altered consciousness, and visual disturbances in patients with the findings of reversible vasogenic subcortical edema without infarction. Hypertension, renal disease, and autoimmune disease are co-morbid conditions of PRES. Nevertheless, there have only been a few case reports of PRES in a patient with anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM GN)...

A 70-year-old-woman developed anisocoria after applying homeopathic eye drops (Similasan Pink Eye Relief) to her left eye. Her pupil was dilated for two weeks and did not respond to light or near stimuli for one week. Both 0.1 % and 1% pilocarpine failed to constrict her left pupil, and magnetic resonance imaging of her brain did not reveal any abnormality. The eye drops she had used contain belladonna extracts, which have a natural atropine component. This case demonstrates the importance, when evaluating a patient presenting with anisocoria, of knowing the chemical ingredients of the homeopathic eye drops, which often are not listed...

BACKGROUND: Rupture of a persistent trigeminal artery associated with development of a cavernous sinus fistula in a traumatic setting is rare. They are typically treated with coil embolization of the cavernous sinus. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present the case of a 42-year-old woman who developed a direct cavernous carotid fistula after a motor-vehicle accident. Angiographic imaging revealed a rupture point of a persistent trigeminal artery as it connected with the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA), causing a cavernous sinus fistula...

A 46-year-old woman who had a recent total abdominal hysterectomy presented with a 1 month history of lower abdominal pain, 1 week of nausea and vomiting as well as decreased urinary output preceded by a year of significant unintentional weight loss. On renal imaging, she was found to have bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureters in the setting of bilateral distal ureteric obstruction complicated with acute kidney injury and severe hyperkalaemia requiring haemodialysis. The initial concern was for ureteric injury, a known complication of abdominal hysterectomy procedures, however, a urological intervention, performed 9 months later to relieve the ureteric obstruction, revealed purulent material within the left ureter that was smear positive for acid fast bacilli...

Pacemaker lead endocarditis is an uncommon complication after pacemaker implantation, but is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The authors describe the case of a 68-year-old woman with a double-chamber pacemaker since 2007, admitted to an internal medicine department for spondylodiscitis and Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. During hospitalization, she had an episode of syncope; the 12-lead electrocardiogram showed pacemaker malfunction with ventricular undersensing and loss of capture...

A 44-year-old woman with newly diagnosed gastric adenocarcinoma by gastroscopy underwent F-FDG PET/CT to evaluate possible metastasis. The images demonstrated intense activity in the region of uterine corpus, as well as greater gastric curvature. Physiologic uptake of endometrium was initially suspected, given the rarity with which extragenital cancers metastasize to the uterus. Ultimately, the endometrium proved to be mucinous adenocarcinoma of gastric origin based on its shared histological features and compatible immunostaining profile...

INTRODUCTION: Noncompaction cardiomyopathy is a rare phenotype of cardiomyopathy associated with severe cardiac arrhythmia and thromboembolic complications. CASE PRESENTATION: A 55-year-old woman presented with frank pulmonary edema and received a diagnosis of noncompaction cardiomyopathy. DISCUSSION: Left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy is increasingly being diagnosed because of advances in imaging modalities. It is important to differentiate this new phenotype of cardiomyopathy from others because its diagnosis, management, and prognosis differ...

Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors (UTROSCTs) are rare and commonly characterized as benign tumors, with infrequent reports of metastasis and recurrence. Treatment recommendations have not been well established, particularly for more advanced cases. We present the first reported death from a metastatic UTROSCT, summarize the available literature, and describe characteristics common to UTROSCTs with aggressive features. In this case, a 49-year-old woman presented with abdominal distension and pain; initial imaging and diagnostic workup suggested metastatic epithelial ovarian cancer to be the cause...

Endometriosis can affect any portion of the gastrointestinal tract. A preoperative definitive diagnosis of intestinal endometriosis is difficult, because there is no characteristic endoscopic finding and the endoscopic biopsies usually sample insufficient endometrial tissue for pathologic diagnosis. To our knowledge, the magnifying endoscopic features of intestinal mucosal endometriosis have not been well documented. In this study, we report a case of intestinal endometriosis diagnosed preoperatively by magnifying image-enhanced colonoscopy and target biopsy...

We report a 56-year-old woman with regional liver disorder due to acute hepatitis. Computed tomographic images showed low signal density at a plain phase and prolonged contrast effect at a late phase in the left hepatic lobe, in which an accumulation of (99m)Tc-phytate increased, whereas that of (99m)Tc-galactosyl human serum albumin (GSA) decreased. Meanwhile, in the right lobe, an accumulation of (99m)Tc-GSA showed more increased than that of (99m)Tc-phytate. Liver biopsy showed massive hepatocyte necrosis and interface hepatitis in the left lobe, and moderate hepatitis in the right lobe...