keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37166316/association-of-oprk1-rs963549-and-rs997917-polymorphisms-with-opioid-use-disorder-and-the-related-phenotypes
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Selin Özkan-Kotiloğlu, Dilek Kaya-Akyüzlü, Şafak Yalçın-Şahiner, Nagihan Ayaz
Aim: To evaluate the association between OPRK1 rs963549 and rs997917 and opioid use disorder (OUD) and related phenotypes. Methods: A sample of 208 individuals with (n = 100) and without (n = 108) OUD were enrolled. OPRK1 rs963549 and rs997917 were analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Craving, opioid withdrawal and the intensity of depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured by the appropriate scales. Results: OPRK1 rs963549 variation showed a trend of association with decreased opioid withdrawal. No significant associations were found between OPRK1 rs963549 and rs997917 polymorphisms and craving, depression or anxiety symptoms...
May 11, 2023: Pharmacogenomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37001987/-the-role-of-gender-pharmacogenetics-in-the-personalization-of-drug-treatment
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erika Cecchin, Bianca Posocco, Silvia Mezzalira, Marialuisa Appetecchia, Giuseppe Toffoli
The use of pharmacogenetic guidelines in personalizing treatments has shown the potential to reduce interindividual variability in drug response by enabling genotype-matched dosing and drug selection. However, other important factors, such as patient gender, may interact strongly with pharmacogenetics in determining the individual profile of toxicity and efficacy, but are still rarely considered when planning pharmacological treatment. The literature indicates that males and females respond differently to drugs, with women being at higher risk for toxicity and having different plasma exposure to drugs at standard doses...
March 31, 2023: Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36924260/advancing-cyp2d6-pharmacogenetics-through-a-pharmacoequity-lens
#23
REVIEW
Oyinlade Kehinde, Laura B Ramsey, Andrea Gaedigk, Akinyemi Oni-Orisan
Over 20% of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs in the United States are metabolized by the hepatic enzyme cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). The gene encoding CYP2D6 is highly polymorphic and genetic variation has been shown to impact drug response for many commonly dispensed drugs including opioids and antidepressants. Thus, it is important to understand an individual's CYP2D6 metabolizer status to optimize treatment outcomes for patients taking medications that are metabolized by this enzyme...
March 16, 2023: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36718020/evidence-regarding-pharmacogenetics-in-pain-management-and-cancer
#24
EDITORIAL
D Max Smith, William D Figg
Patients experience interindividual variation in response to analgesics, which may be partially explained by genetics. This commentary discusses a recently published trial on COMT genotype and opioid dose requirements and describes the potential role for COMT and other genes (eg, CYP2D6) on opioid therapy and the current evidence for germline pharmacogenetics and resources for opioid pharmacogenetics.
January 30, 2023: Oncologist
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36680385/a-pharmacogenetic-precision-medicine-approach-to-analgesia-and-sedation-optimization-in-critically-ill-adults
#25
REVIEW
Amy L Dzierba, Joanna L Stollings, John W Devlin
Precision medicine is a growing field in critical care. Research increasingly demonstrated pharmacogenomic variability to be an important determinant of analgesic and sedative drug response in the intensive care unit (ICU). Genome-wide association and candidate gene finding studies suggest analgesic and sedatives tailored to an individual's genetic makeup, environmental adaptations, in addition to several other patient- and drug-related factors, will maximize effectiveness and help mitigate harm. However, the number of pharmacogenetic studies in ICU patients remains small and no prospective studies have been published using pharmacogenomic data to optimize analgesic or sedative therapy in critically ill patients...
January 20, 2023: Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36676742/case-report-performing-a-medication-safety-review-assisted-by-pharmacogenomics-to-explain-a-prescribing-cascade-resulting-in-a-patient-fall
#26
Joshua Russell, Meghan J Arwood, Nicole M Del Toro-Pagán, Nishita S Amin, Michele D Cambridge, Jacques Turgeon, Veronique Michaud
Pharmacotherapy for major depressive disorder (MDD) typically consists of trial-and-error and clinician preference approaches, where patients often fail one or more antidepressants before finding an optimal regimen. Pharmacogenomics (PGx) can assist in prescribing appropriate antidepressants, thereby reducing the time to MDD remission and occurrence of adverse drug events. Since many antidepressants are metabolized by and/or inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes (e.g., CYP2C19 or CYP2D6), drug-induced phenoconversion is common in patients on antidepressant combinations...
January 6, 2023: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36493378/establishing-a-longitudinal-opioid-pharmacogenomic-registry-for-cancer-patients-feasibility-and-acceptability
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer Philip, Aaron Wong, Leeanne Pasanen, Andrew A Somogyi, Justin Rubio, Pal Klepstad, Anna Collins, Peter Gibbs, Brian Le
Purpose: Individual genetic variation can affect both pain expression and opioid response. Large cohort datasets are required to validate evidence influencing genomic factors in opioid response. This study examined the feasibility of establishing an opioid pharmacogenomics registry for cancer patients containing longitudinal matched clinical, symptom, pharmacological, and genomic data, with an a priori feasibility target of 50 participants within 12 months. Methods: Consecutive patients with advanced cancer receiving opioids across five palliative care services were recruited...
December 9, 2022: Journal of Palliative Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36422103/pharmacogenomics-of-cancer-pain-treatment-outcomes-in-asian-populations-a-review
#28
REVIEW
Shobha Elizabeth Satkunananthan, Vijayaprakash Suppiah, Gaik-Theng Toh, Hui-Yin Yow
In advanced cancer, pain is a poor prognostic factor, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. It has been shown that up to 30% of cancer patients in Southeast Asian countries may receive inadequate analgesia from opioid therapy. This significant under-management of cancer pain is largely due to the inter-individual variability in opioid dosage and relative efficacy of available opioids, leading to unpredictable clinical responses to opioid treatment. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) cause the variability in opioid treatment outcomes, yet their association in Asian populations remains unclear...
November 18, 2022: Journal of Personalized Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36393978/utilizing-pharmacogenomics-results-to-determine-opioid-appropriateness-and-improve-pain-management-in-a-patient-with-osteoarthritis
#29
Katie Pizzolato, David Thacker, Nicole Marie Del Toro-Pagán, Nishita S Amin, Abeer Hanna, Jacques Turgeon, Veronique Michaud
The opioid epidemic in the United States has exposed the need for providers to limit opioid dispensing and identify at-risk patients prior to prescribing opioids. With pharmacogenomic testing, clinicians can analyze hundreds of medications-including commonly prescribed opioids-against genetic results to understand and predict risk and response. Moreover, knowledge of genotypic variants and altered function can help decrease trial and error prescribing, identify patients at-risk for adverse drug events, and improve pain control...
2022: Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36271058/integrating-pharmacogenomics-into-precision-pain-management
#30
REVIEW
Jill Bates, Jeffrey Fudin, Jai N Patel
Studies suggest wide heterogeneity in pain management response. Improved methods of pain pharmacotherapy are urgently needed to improve clinical response and safety profile of analgesics. The study or application of how genetics influence response to medications is called pharmacogenomics (PGx). PGx testing is a tool that may support more precise selection and dosing of pain medicines. PGx guidelines exist for drug-gene interactions with high levels of evidence and can be applied in clinical practice for more precise care in patients with cancer...
October 21, 2022: Supportive Care in Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36208880/opioid-related-genetic-polymorphisms-of-cytochrome-p450-enzymes-after-total-joint-arthroplasty-a-focus-on-drug-drug-gene-interaction-with-commonly-coprescribed-medications
#31
REVIEW
Brendan J Farley, Mohamed E Awad, Paige Anderson, Ali S Esseili, Justin Hruska, Gamal Mostafa, Khaled J Saleh
Pharmacogenomic testing, together with the early detection of drug-drug-gene interactions (DDGI) before initiating opioids, can improve the selection of dosage and reduce the risk of adverse drug interactions and therapeutic failures following Total Joint Arthroplasty. The variants of CYP genes can mediate DDGI. Orthopedic surgeons should become familiar with the genetic aspect of opioid use and abuse, as well as the influence of the patient genetic makeup in opioid selection and response, and polymorphic variants in pain modulation...
October 2022: Orthopedic Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36068475/the-role-of-pharmacogenomics-in-postoperative-pain-management
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Paylor Sachtleben, Kelsey Rooney, Hannah Haddad, Victoria L Lassiegne, Megan Boudreaux, Elyse M Cornett, Alan D Kaye
Pharmacogenomics can improve pain management by considering individual variations in pain perception and susceptibility and sensitivity to medicines related to genetic diversity. Due to the subjective nature of pain and the fact that people respond differently to medicines, it can be challenging to develop a consistent and successful regimen for pain disorders. Numerous factors influence the outcome of pain treatment programs, but two stand out: altered perception of pain and varying responsiveness to analgesic medicines...
2022: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36068474/pharmacogenomics-of-opioid-treatment-for-pain-management
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarahbeth Howes, Alexandra R Cloutet, Jaeyeon Kweon, Taylor L Powell, Daniel Raza, Elyse M Cornett, Alan D Kaye
Pain affects approximately 100 million Americans. Pain harms quality of life and costs patients billions of dollars per year. Clinically, nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies can alleviate acute and chronic pain suffering. Opioids are one type of medication used to manage pain. However, opioids can potentially create dependence and substance abuse, and the effects are not consistent in all patients. Pharmacogenomics is the study of the genome to understand the effects of drugs on individual patients based on their genetic information...
2022: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36043386/detection-of-relevant-pharmacogenetic-information-through-exome-sequencing-in-oncology
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon Verdez, Juliette Albuisson, Yannis Duffourd, Romain Boidot, Manon Reda, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Jean-David Fumet, Sylvain Ladoire, Sophie Nambot, Patrick Callier, Laurence Faivre, François Ghiringhelli, Nicolas Picard
Background: Germline sequencing of individual genomes can detect alleles responsible for adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in relation to chemotherapy, targeted agents, antiemetics or pain treatment. Materials & methods: To evaluate the interest of such pharmacogenetic information, the authors retrospectively analyzed genes known to have an impact on cancer therapy in a cohort of 445 solid cancers patients. Results: Six patients treated with 5-fluorouracil carrying one DPYD variant classified as 1A showed decreased drug mean clearance (p = 0...
August 31, 2022: Pharmacogenomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36001223/the-role-of-pharmacogenomics-in-opioid-prescribing
#35
REVIEW
Aaron K Wong, Andrew A Somogyi, Justin Rubio, Jennifer Philip
Pharmacogenomics is increasingly important to guide objective, safe, and effective individualised prescribing. Personalised prescribing has revolutionised treatments in the past decade, allowing clinicians to maximise drug efficacy and minimise adverse effects based on a person's genetic profile. Opioids, the gold standard for cancer pain relief, are among the commonest medications prescribed in palliative care practice. This narrative review examines the literature surrounding opioid pharmacogenomics and its applicability to the palliative care cancer population...
October 2022: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35795337/the-impact-of-pharmacogenetics-on-pharmacokinetics-and-pharmacodynamics-in-neonates-and-infants-a-systematic-review
#36
REVIEW
Nadir Yalçin, Robert B Flint, Ron H N van Schaik, Sinno H P Simons, Karel Allegaert
In neonates, pharmacogenetics has an additional layer of complexity. This is because in addition to genetic variability in genes that code for proteins relevant to clinical pharmacology, there are rapidly maturational changes in these proteins. Consequently, pharmacotherapy in neonates has unique challenges. To provide a contemporary overview on pharmacogenetics in neonates, we conducted a systematic review to identify, describe and quantify the impact of pharmacogenetics on pharmacokinetics and -dynamics in neonates and infants (PROSPERO, CRD42022302029)...
2022: Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35743759/pharmacogenomics-and-drug-induced-phenoconversion-informed-medication-safety-review-in-the-management-of-pain-control-and-quality-of-life-a-case-report
#37
Selina Muhn, Nishita Shah Amin, Chandni Bardolia, Nicole Del Toro-Pagán, Katie Pizzolato, David Thacker, Jacques Turgeon, Crystal Tomaino, Veronique Michaud
Utilizing pharmacogenomics (PGx) and integrating drug-induced phenoconversion to guide opioid therapies could improve the treatment response and decrease the occurrence of adverse drug events. Genetics contribute to the interindividual differences in opioid response. The purpose of this case report highlights the impact of a PGx-informed medication safety review, assisted by a clinical decision support system, in mitigating the drug-gene and drug-drug-gene interactions (DGI and DDGI, respectively) that increase the risk of an inadequate drug response and adverse drug events (ADEs)...
June 15, 2022: Journal of Personalized Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35727214/-abcb1-and-oprm1-single-nucleotide-polymorphisms-collectively-modulate-chronic-shoulder-pain-and-dysfunction-in-south-african-breast-cancer-survivors
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Firzana Firfirey, Alison V September, Delva Shamley
Background: Chronic shoulder pain/disability is a well-recognized side effect of treatment for breast cancer, with ∼40% of patients experiencing this, despite receiving pain management. To manage acute and chronic pain, several opioids are commonly prescribed. Pharmacogenomics have implicated genes within the opioid signaling pathway, including ABCB1 and OPRM1 , to contribute to an individual's variable response to opioids. Aim: To evaluate ABCB1 (rs1045642 G>A, rs1128503 G>A) and OPRM1 (rs1799971 A>G, rs540825 T>A) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chronic shoulder pain/disability in BCS...
June 2022: Pharmacogenomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35688478/zhx2-is-a-candidate-gene-underlying-oxymorphone-metabolite-brain-concentration-associated-with-state-dependent-oxycodone-reward
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacob A Beierle, Emily J Yao, Stanley I Goldstein, William B Lynch, Julia L Scotellaro, Anyaa A Shah, Katherine D Sena, Alyssa L Wong, Colton L Linnertz, Olga Averin, David E Moody, Christopher A Reilly, Gary Peltz, Andrew Emili, Martin T Ferris, Camron D Bryant
Understanding the pharmacogenomics of opioid metabolism and behavior is vital to therapeutic success, as mutations can dramatically alter therapeutic efficacy and addiction liability. We found robust, sex-dependent BALB/c substrain differences in oxycodone behaviors and whole brain concentration of oxycodone metabolites. BALB/cJ females showed robust state-dependent oxycodone reward learning as measured via conditioned place preference when compared to the closely related BALB/cByJ substrain. Accordingly, BALB/cJ females also showed a robust increase in brain concentration of the inactive metabolite noroxycodone and the active metabolite oxymorphone compared to BALB/cByJ mice...
June 10, 2022: Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35649041/cyp2d6-phenotypes-and-opioid-metabolism-the-path-to-personalized-analgesia
#40
REVIEW
Pura Ballester, Javier Muriel, Ana M Peiró
INTRODUCTION: Opioids play a fundamental role in chronic pain, especially considering when 1 of 5 Europeans adults, even more in older females, suffer from it. However, half of them do not reach an adequate pain relief. Could pharmacogenomics help to choose the most appropriate analgesic drug? AREAS COVERED: The objective of the present narrative review was to assess the influence of cytochrome P450 2D6 ( CYP2D6 ) phenotypes on pain relief, analgesic tolerability, and potential opioid misuse...
April 2022: Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology
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