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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weiwei Zhang, Xinchun Li
BACKGROUND: Public health emergencies are characterized by uncertainty, rapid transmission, a large number of cases, a high rate of critical illness, and a high case fatality rate. The intensive care unit (ICU) is the "last line of defense" for saving lives. And ICU resources play a critical role in the treatment of critical illness and combating public health emergencies. OBJECTIVE: This study estimates the demand for ICU healthcare resources based on an accurate prediction of the surge in the number of critically ill patients in the short term...
April 17, 2024: BMC Health Services Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Margaret K Formica, Ryan Cox, Joshua Christiana, Margaret A Turk, Scott D Landes
BACKGROUND: People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in the US, especially those living in group homes, experienced comparatively higher Covid-19 case/case fatality rates than the general population during the first year of the pandemic. There is no information about the patterns of case/case fatality rates during this time. OBJECTIVE: This study compared Covid-19 case/case fatality rates among people with IDD living in residential group homes to the general population across the first year of the pandemic in New York State (NYS)...
April 9, 2024: Disability and Health Journal
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan J Lowhorn, Mohammed Chowdhury, Symon Kimitei, Sammie Haskin, Mohammad Masum, A K M Fazlur Rahman
By August 17, 2021, 4.3 million people had died globally as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection. While data collection is ongoing, it is abundantly obvious that this is one of the most significant public health crises in modern history. Consequently, global efforts are being made to attain a greater understanding of this disease and to identify risk factors associated with more severe outcomes. The goal of this study is to identify clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with COVID-19 mortality in Mexico...
2024: PloS One
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón, Héctor Pinargote-Celorio, Pilar González-de-la-Aleja, José Sánchez-Payá, Sergio Reus, Juan-Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz, Esperanza Merino
BACKGROUND: Estimating the global influenza burden in terms of hospitalization and death is important for optimizing prevention policies. Identifying risk factors for mortality allows for the design of strategies tailored to groups at the highest risk. This study aims to (a) describe the clinical characteristics of hospitalizations with a diagnosis of influenza over five flu seasons (2016-2017 to 2020-2021), (b) assess the associated morbidity (hospitalization rates and ICU admissions rate), mortality and cost of influenza hospitalizations in different age groups and (c) analyze the risk factors for mortality...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tjeerd Pieter van Staa, Alexander Pate, Glen P Martin, Anita Sharma, Paul Dark, Tim Felton, Xiaomin Zhong, Sian Bladon, Neil Cunningham, Ellie L Gilham, Colin S Brown, Mariyam Mirfenderesky, Victoria Palin, Diane Ashiru-Oredope
PURPOSE: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection. The purpose of the study was to measure the associations of specific exposures (deprivation, ethnicity, and clinical characteristics) with incident sepsis and case fatality. METHODS: Two research databases in England were used including anonymized patient-level records from primary care linked to hospital admission, death certificate, and small-area deprivation...
April 16, 2024: Infection
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
LaShawn Glasgow, Christian Douglas, Joel G Sprunger, Aimee N C Campbell, Redonna Chandler, Anindita Dasgupta, JaNae Holloway, Katherine R Marks, Sara M Roberts, Linda Sprague Martinez, Katherine Thompson, Roger D Weiss, Arnie Aldridge, Kat Asman, Carolina Barbosa, Derek Blevins, Deborah Chassler, Lindsay Cogan, Laura Fanucchi, Megan E Hall, Timothy Hunt, Elizabeth Jadovich, Frances R Levin, Patricia Lincourt, Michelle R Lofwall, Vanessa Loukas, Ann Scheck McAlearney, Edward Nunes, Emmanuel Oga, Devin Oller, Maria Rudorf, Ann Marie Sullivan, Jeffery Talbert, Angela Taylor, Julie Teater, Nathan Vandergrift, Kristin Woodlock, Gary A Zarkin, Bridget Freisthler, Jeffrey H Samet, Sharon L Walsh, Nabila El-Bassel
BACKGROUND: The U.S. opioid overdose crisis persists. Outpatient behavioral health services (BHS) are essential components of a comprehensive response to opioid use disorder and overdose fatalities. The Helping to End Addiction Long-Term® (HEALing) Communities Study developed the Communities That HEAL (CTH) intervention to reduce opioid overdose deaths in 67 communities in Kentucky, Ohio, New York, and Massachusetts through the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs), including BHS...
April 5, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#27
Yang Zhao, Hua Wang, Zhengjun Wu, Yunxiang Zhu, Jingsong Wang
BACKGROUND: Adverse reactions induced by isoosmolar contrast medium (iodixanol) are mostly mild, with rashes and headaches being the most common. Although anaphylactic shock has been reported, no related incidents have been documented on cerebral angiography. OBJECTIVE: This article reports a serious case of anaphylactic shock possibly induced by iodixanol and provides an overview of the case report. CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old female with persistent headaches for nearly six months and CTA examination revealed multiple intracranial aneurysms...
2024: Journal of Asthma and Allergy
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yassine Ben Lahlou, Yassine Eddair, Yao Christian H Dokponou, Mostapha Elouennass, Mariama Chadli
Background and objective Infectious meningitis and encephalitis are serious diseases that can have fatal consequences, especially in the case of bacterial meningitis. Molecular biology has made it possible to quickly introduce appropriate treatment. Our study aims to evaluate the FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Panel (BioFire Diagnostics, Salt Lake City, Utah) implemented in our department compared to traditional methods. Material and methods This was a retrospective single-center study conducted in the Department of Bacteriology of Mohammed V Military Training Hospital, Rabat, for a period of four years...
March 2024: Curēus
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Balagangadhar R Totapally, Seevitha Totapalli, Prithvi Sendi, Paul A Martinez
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the prevalence, clinical features, resource utilization, temporal trends and outcomes associated with adenoviral infections in hospitalized children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Kids' Inpatient Database from 1997 to 2019 was performed. Children aged 29 days to 17 years with adenoviral infection were selected. Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis tests, linear trend analysis and multivariable analysis were used for data analysis...
April 11, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lara Lovelace-Macon, Sarah M Baker, Deirdre Ducken, Sudeshna Seal, Guilhem Rerolle, Diane Tomita, Kelly D Smith, Sandra Schwarz, T Eoin West
Melioidosis is an emerging tropical infection caused by inhalation, inoculation, or ingestion of the flagellated, facultatively intracellular pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei . The melioidosis case fatality rate is often high, and pneumonia, the most common presentation, doubles the risk of death. The alveolar macrophage is a sentinel pulmonary host defense cell, but the human alveolar macrophage in B. pseudomallei infection has never been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the host-pathogen interaction of B...
April 15, 2024: Infection and Immunity
#31
Xuesong Cheng, Tianyu Li, Fengsheng Wu, Dandan Liu
Pulmonary mucormycosis is a severe and often fatal disease that commonly affects patients with underlying conditions, such as diabetes. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for improving survival rates. However, clinical diagnosis remains challenging due to difficulty in obtaining etiological evidence. In this particular case, the patient presented with a cough-producing bloody sputum, and a chest CT revealed lesions in the right upper lobe of the lung. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus delemar through clinical bronchoscopy biopsy and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sample...
2024: Infection and Drug Resistance
#32
EDITORIAL
Saadia Ilyas, Zaland A Yousafzai, Imran Khan, Qazi Kamran Amin, Muhammad Bilal
Even though immunization can prevent illness, diphtheria, which is caused by toxic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, remains a serious public health risk. Although the worldwide incidence has declined, it still poses a serious hazard in developing countries, such as Pakistan, where new data suggest an increase in cases. A significant proportion of patients with respiratory diphtheria experience cardiac complications, specifically myocarditis, which carries a high death risk of 50% to 75%. The diphtheria toxin's affinity for cardiac tissues is the cause of these consequences, which include arrhythmias and myocardial dysfunction...
March 2024: Curēus
#33
Rebecca J Carlson, J J Patten, George Stefanakis, Brian Y Soong, Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan, Avtar Singh, Naveen Thakur, Gaya K Amarasinghe, Nir Hacohen, Christopher F Basler, Daisy Leung, Caroline Uhler, Robert A Davey, Paul C Blainey
Ebola virus (EBOV) is a high-consequence filovirus that gives rise to frequent epidemics with high case fatality rates and few therapeutic options. Here, we applied image-based screening of a genome-wide CRISPR library to systematically identify host cell regulators of Ebola virus infection in 39,085,093 million single cells. Measuring viral RNA and protein levels together with their localization in cells identified over 998 related host factors and provided detailed information about the role of each gene across the virus replication cycle...
April 7, 2024: bioRxiv
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soodeh Sagheb, Ali Gholamrezanezhad, Elizabeth Pavlovic, Mohsen Karami, Mina Fakhrzadegan
BACKGROUND: The spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 outbreak worldwide has caused concern regarding the mortality rate caused by the infection. The determinants of mortality on a global scale cannot be fully understood due to lack of information. AIM: To identify key factors that may explain the variability in case lethality across countries. METHODS: We identified 21 Potential risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case fatality rate for all the countries with available data...
March 25, 2024: World Journal of Virology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gregorio Serra, Vincenzo Antona, Vincenzo Insinga, Giusy Morgante, Alessia Vassallo, Simona La Placa, Ettore Piro, Sergio Salerno, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Eloisa Gitto, Mario Giuffrè, Giovanni Corsello
BACKGROUND: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II) deficiency is a rare inborn error of mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism with autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Its phenotype is highly variable (neonatal, infantile, and adult onset) on the base of mutations of the CPT II gene. In affected subjects, long-chain acylcarnitines cannot be subdivided into carnitine and acyl-CoA, leading to their toxic accumulation in different organs. Neonatal form is the most severe, and all the reported patients died within a few days to 6 months after birth...
April 14, 2024: Italian Journal of Pediatrics
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariya Cherenko, Natasha M Appelman-Dijkstra, Ana Luisa Priego-Zurita, N R Biermasz, Olaf Dekkers, F A Klok, Nicole Reisch, Anna Aulinas, Betina Biagetti, Salvatore Cannavo, Letizia Canu, Mario Detomas, France Devuyst, Henrik Falhammar, Richard A Feelders, Francesco Ferrau, F Gatto, Chiara Grasselli, Pepijn van Houten, Charlotte Hoybye, Andrea M Isidori, Aglaia Kyrilli, Paola Loli, Dominique Maiter, Elisabeth Dorothea Susanne Nowak, Rosario Pivonello, Oskar Ragnarsson, Rebecca V Steenaard, Nicole Unger, Annenienke C Van de Ven, Susan M Webb, Diego Yeste, S Faisal Ahmed, Alberto M Pereira
BACKGROUND: Patients with Cushing syndrome (CS) are at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate current management of new cases of CS with a focus on VTE and thromboprophylaxis. DESIGN AND METHODS: A survey was conducted within those that report in electronic reporting tool (e-REC) of The European Registries for Rare Endocrine Conditions (EuRRECa) and the involved main thematic groups (MTG's) of the European Reference Networks for Rare Endocrine Disorders (Endo-ERN) on new patients with CS from January 2021 until July 2022...
April 1, 2024: Endocrine Connections
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelsen Dantas Eulálio, Daniel R Kollath, Liline Maria Soares Martins, Antonio de Deus Filho, Maria do Amparo Salmito Cavalcanti, Lucas Machado Moreira, Bernardo Guerra Tenório, Lucas Gomes de Brito Alves, Danielle Yamauchi, Ligia Vizeu Barrozo, George R Thompson Iii, Mathieu Nacher, Jason E Stajich, Gil Benard, Eduardo Bagagli, Maria Sueli Soares Felipe, Bridget M Barker, Luciana Trilles, Marcus de Melo Teixeira
Coccidioidomycosis, listed as a priority mycosis by the WHO, is endemic in the United States but often overlooked in Central and South America. Employing a multi-institutional approach, we investigate how disease characteristics, pathogen genetic variation, and environmental factors impact coccidioidomycosis epidemiology and outcomes in South America. We identified 292 cases (1978-2021) and 42 outbreaks in Piauí and Maranhão states, Brazil, the largest series outside the US/Mexico epidemic zone. The male-to-female ratio was 57...
April 12, 2024: Nature Communications
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy L Mihalchik, Neepa Y Choksi, Amy L Roe, Michael Wisser, Kylen Whitaker, Donna Seibert, Milind Deore, Larisa Pavlick, Daniele S Wikoff
Although the United States Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has provided guidance on the control of drug degradants for prescription drugs, there is less guidance on how to set degradant specifications for FDA OTC monograph drugs. Given that extensive impurity testing was not part of the safety paradigm in original OTC monographs, a weight of evidence (WOE) approach to qualify OTC degradants is proposed. This approach relies on in silico tools and read-across approaches alongside standard toxicity testing to determine safety...
April 10, 2024: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology: RTP
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Toyoshi Yanagihara, Kentaro Hata, Keisuke Matsubara, Kazufumi Kunimura, Kunihiro Suzuki, Kazuya Tsubouchi, Satoshi Ikegame, Yoshihiro Baba, Yoshinori Fukui, Isamu Okamoto
Anticancer treatments can result in various adverse effects, including infections due to immune suppression/dysregulation and drug-induced toxicity in the lung. One of the major opportunistic infections is Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), which can cause severe respiratory complications and high mortality rates. Cytotoxic drugs and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can induce interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Nonetheless, the differentiation of these diseases can be difficult, and the pathogenic mechanisms of such diseases are not yet fully understood...
April 12, 2024: ELife
#40
REVIEW
Ivette A Nuñez, Anya Crane, Ian Crozier, Gabriella Worwa, Jens H Kuhn
INTRODUCTION: Mammarenaviruses are negative-sense bisegmented enveloped RNA viruses that are endemic in Africa, the Americas, and Europe. Several are highly virulent, causing acute human diseases associated with high case fatality rates, and are considered to be significant with respect to public health impact or bioterrorism threat. AREAS COVERED: This review summarizes the status quo of treatment development, starting with drugs that are in advanced stages of evaluation in early clinical trials, followed by promising candidate medical countermeasures emerging from bench analyses and investigational animal research...
April 12, 2024: Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery
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