CSII, CGMS,

CONTEXT: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions (CSIIs) and continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) have revolutionized the management of diabetes mellitus (DM). Over the last 2 decades the development of advanced, small, and user-friendly technology has progressed substantially, essentially closing the loop in the fasting and postabsorptive state, nearing the promise of an artificial pancreas (AP). The momentum was mostly driven by the diabetes community itself, to improve its health and quality of life...

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of different insulin administration methods and blood glucose monitoring methods in treating type 1 diabetes mellitus in children. Methods: Patients were divided into four groups: multiple daily injection (MDI) + fingertip blood glucose detection, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) + fingertip blood glucose detection, MDI + continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS), and CSII + CGMS. After six months of treatment, followed by telephone and at least once a month in an outpatient clinic, insulin doses were adjusted according to the children's blood glucose levels...

BACKGROUND: continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMs) play an important role in the management of T1D, but their accuracy may reduce during rapid glucose excursions. The aim of study was to assess the accuracy of recent rt-CGMs available in Italy, in subjects with T1D during 2 sessions of physical activity: moderate continuous (CON) and interval exercise (IE). METHOD: we recruited 22 patients with T1D, on CSII associated or integrated with a CGM, to which a second different sensor was applied...

Introduction: Diabetes monitoring systems (DMS) are a possible approach for regular control of glucose levels in patients with Type 1 or 2 diabetes in order to improve therapeutic outcomes or to identify and modify inappropriate patient behaviors in a timely manner. Despite the significant number of studies observing the DMS, no collective evidence is available about the effect of all devices. Goal: To review and consolidate evidences from multiple systematic reviews on the diabetes monitoring systems and the outcomes achieved...

OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed whether area deprivation is associated with disparities in health care of pediatric type 1 diabetes in Germany. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We selected patients <20 years of age with type 1 diabetes and German residence documented in the "diabetes patient follow-up" (Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation [DPV]) registry for 2015/2016. Area deprivation was assessed by quintiles of the German Index of Multiple Deprivation (GIMD 2010) at the district level and was assigned to patients...

Background: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS) have been proven very effective in diabetes management. Aim: This study evaluated the usefulness of these devices during prolonged, intense physical activity in an uncontrolled natural environment away from the clinical research center. Design: Non-randomized, prospective and observational study. Methods: During the summer, 38 participants with type 1 diabetes crossed the Samaria gorge, the second largest gorge in Europe (17 km)...

Objective: To compare the effect of the rapid-acting insulin analogues (RAIAs) aspart (NovoRapid) and lispro (Prandilin) on glycemic variations by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) in patients within newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and metformin intensive therapy. Methods: This is a single-blind randomized controlled trial. A total of 110 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM and with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c%) above 9% was hospitalized and randomly divided into two groups: group Asp (NovoRapid group) and group Lis (Prandilin group)...

BACKGROUND: Technology has been implemented since the 1970s with the hope of improving glycaemic control and reducing the burden of complications for those living with type 1 diabetes. A clinical and cost-effectiveness comparison of all available technologies including continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), sensor-augmented pump therapy (including either low-glucose suspend or predictive low-glucose suspend), hybrid closed-loop systems, closed-loop (single-hormone or dual-hormone) systems, flash glucose monitoring (FGM), insulin bolus calculators, and 'smart-device' applications is currently lacking...

Technology for diabetes care has undergone major development during recent decades. These technological advances include continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), also known as insulin pumps, and real-time continuous glucose monitoring system (RT-CGMS). The integration of CSII and RT-CGMS into a single device has led to sensor-augmented pump therapy and more recently, a technology that has automated delivery of basal insulin therapy, known as hybrid system. These new technologies have led to benefits in attaining better metabolic control and decreasing the incidence of severe hypoglycemia, especially in patients with type 1 diabetes...

AIM: Sensor-augmented pump (SAP) technology, which combines continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM), has been available for several years in China. In this study, the time required to reach predefined glycaemic targets with SAP vs multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy was compared in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: Adults (aged 18-65 years) with T2DM treated with insulin and admitted to hospital for glucose management were randomized to either SAP (Medtronic MiniMed™ Paradigm™ 722 system) or MDI with blinded CGM (Medtronic MiniMed CGMS System Gold™) for a 2-week period...

BACKGROUND: Safe and reliable diabetes models are a key prerequisite for advanced preclinical studies on diabetes. Chemical induction is the standard model of diabetes in rodents and also widely used in large animal models of non-human primates and minipigs. However, uncertain efficacy, the potential of beta-cell regeneration, and relevant side effects are debatable aspects particularly in large animals. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate a surgical approach of total pancreatectomy combined with splenectomy for diabetes induction in an exploratory study in Goettingen minipigs...

To identify a new regimen to optimize treatment for patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) by short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) alone. Methods. 60 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were randomized into two groups (n = 30 each) and treated for 2 weeks with CSII alone (CSII group) or with CSII plus sitagliptin (CSII + Sig group). The glycemic variability of the patients was measured using a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for the last 72 hours. A standard meal test was performed before and after the interventions, and the levels of glycated albumin, fasting glucose, fasting C-peptide, postprandial 2 h blood glucose, and postprandial 2 h C-peptide were examined...

Background and Aims. To evaluate the effect of adding acarbose on glycemic excursions measured by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) already on insulin therapy. Materials and Methods. This was an opened and unblended study. 134 patients with T2DM were recruited. After initial rapidly corrected hyperglycaemia by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) for 7 d, a 4-6-day premixed insulin titration period subsequently followed. Patients were then randomized 1 : 1 to acarbose plus insulin group or insulin therapy group for 2 weeks...

Diabetes in pregnancy is still considered a high-risk condition for both mother and baby. Even in the best centres, malformation and mortality rates are reportedly twofold to fivefold higher than in the background population, and pregnancy planning rates remain obstinately poor. Increasing global rates of type 2 diabetes are now extending into pregnancy, with similarly poor outcomes to type 1 diabetes, and excess maternal weight is adding to the complexity of management. Over the last 5-10 years, several randomised trials have offered new insight into the role of oral hypoglycaemic drugs and insulin analogues in pregnancy, while continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) pumps and continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) are under scrutiny...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Controversy exists regarding which individuals will benefit most from commencement of diabetes technologies such as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS), such as 'real-time' sensor-augmented pumping (SAP). Because higher usage correlates with haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) achieved, we aimed to predict future usage of technologies using a questionnaire-based tool. SUBJECTS: The tool was distributed to two groups of youth with type 1 diabetes; group A (n = 50; mean age 12 ± 2...

BACKGROUND: We aim to provide data on a diabetes technology simulation course (DTSC) that instructs internal medicine residents in the use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) devices. METHODS: The DTSC was implemented during calendar year 2012 and conducted in the institution's simulation center. It consisted of a set of prerequisites, a practicum, and completion of a web-based inpatient CSII-ordering simulation...

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children are mainly due to oxidative stress (OS). Lipid peroxidation is the main marker of OS and iso-prostaglandin is a reliable biomarker of lipid peroxidation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there have been few studies on OS in T1DM children with hyperglycemia and glucose fluctuations. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 23 newly diagnosed T1DM patients and 23 age and sex matched healthy controls in Beijing Children's Hospital from May 2010 to January 2011...

OBJECTIVE: To find out the features of glycemic excursion via continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) treatment in type 2 diabetics and discuss the possibility of predicting nocturnal hypoglycaemia with bedtime glucose level. METHODS: A total of 257 diabetes patients (156 males and 101 females, aged from 27 - 88 years old) with 0.1 - 40 years diabetic history were recruited. Their HbA1c level was (10.97 ± 2...

AIMS: To determine whether continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or multiple daily injections of insulin (MDI) are associated with improved glycemic variability. METHODS: Type 2 diabetic patients ≥60 years of age were randomized to 12 months of CSII (n=53) or MDI (n=54) therapy. Patients were asked to complete monthly eight-point self-monitored glucose profiles (n=78) and continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS) for up to 72 h at Months 0, 6, and 12 (n=77)...

BACKGROUND: It is generally held that basal insulin substitution with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) provides less variable glucose levels than with long-acting insulin analogs, e.g., glargine, in patients with type 1 diabetes, although this has not been convincingly demonstrated by continuous glucose monitoring. METHODS: To compare glucose control assessed by a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) during basal insulin substitution with glargine versus CSII, we conducted a non-blinded, randomized, crossover trial in 15 type 1 diabetes patients experienced with CSII...