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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erica C Nakajima, Amber Simpson, Jan Bogaerts, Elisabeth G E de Vries, Richard Do, Elena Garalda, Greg Goldmacher, Paul E Kinahan, Philippe Lambin, Barbara LeStage, Qin Li, Frank Lin, Saskia Litière, Raquel Perez-Lopez, Nicholas Petrick, Lawrence Schwartz, Lesley Seymour, Lalitha Shankar, Scott A Laurie
Radiomics, the science of extracting quantifiable data from routine medical images, is a powerful tool that has many potential applications in oncology. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Working Group (RWG) held a workshop in May 2022, which brought together various stakeholders to discuss the potential role of radiomics in oncology drug development and clinical trials, particularly with respect to response assessment. This article summarizes the results of that workshop, reviewing radiomics for the practicing oncologist and highlighting the work that needs to be done to move forward the incorporation of radiomics into clinical trials...
April 2024: JCO Precision Oncology
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Panagiotis A Konstantinopoulos, Su-Chun Cheng, Elizabeth K Lee, Alexandre André B A da Costa, Doga Gulhan, Andrea E Wahner Hendrickson, Bose Kochupurakkal, David L Kolin, Elise C Kohn, Joyce F Liu, Richard T Penson, Elizabeth H Stover, Jennifer Curtis, Hannah Sawyer, Madeline Polak, Dipanjan Chowdhury, Alan D D'Andrea, Anniina Färkkilä, Geoffrey I Shapiro, Ursula A Matulonis
PURPOSE: The multicenter, open-label, randomized phase 2 NCI-9944 study (NCT02595892) demonstrated that addition of ATR inhibitor (ATRi) berzosertib to gemcitabine increased progression-free survival (PFS) compared to gemcitabine alone (hazard ratio [HR]=0.57, one-sided log-rank P = .044, which met the one-sided significance level of 0.1 used for sample size calculation). METHODS: We report here the final overall survival (OS) analysis and biomarker correlations (ATM expression by immunohistochemistry, mutational signature 3 and a genomic biomarker of replication stress) along with post-hoc exploratory analyses to adjust for crossover from gemcitabine to gemcitabine/berzosertib...
April 2024: JCO Precision Oncology
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masaya Hattori, Victoria Serelli-Lee, Yoichi Naito, Takashi Yamanaka, Hiroyuki Yasojima, Rikiya Nakamura, Takao Fujisawa, Mitsuho Imai, Yoshiaki Nakamura, Hideaki Bando, Tsutomu Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yoshino, Hiroji Iwata
PURPOSE: To understand the mutational landscape of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tumor tissue of patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treated with abemaciclib + endocrine therapy (ET). METHODS: Blood samples for ctDNA and/or tissue samples were collected from abemaciclib-treated patients with HR+/HER2- MBC enrolled in the SCRUM-Japan MONSTAR-SCREEN project. Blood samples were collected before abemaciclib initiation (baseline) and at disease progression/abemaciclib discontinuation (post abemaciclib treatment)...
April 2024: JCO Precision Oncology
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ashley E Ross, Kenneth K Iwata, Dina Elsouda, John Hairston, David Russell, Elai Davicioni, James A Proudfoot, Neal D Shore, Edward M Schaeffer
PURPOSE: Few studies have explored the potential for pharmacological interventions to delay disease progression in patients undergoing active surveillance (AS). This preplanned transcriptomic analysis of patient samples from the ENACT trial aims to identify biomarkers in patients on AS who are at increased risk for disease progression or who may derive the greatest benefit from enzalutamide treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In the phase II ENACT (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02799745) trial, patients on AS were randomly assigned 1:1 to 160 mg orally once daily enzalutamide monotherapy or continued AS for 1 year...
April 2024: JCO Precision Oncology
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hye Sook Kim, Jong Kwang Kim, Jeong Hyeon Lee, Young Joo Lee, Geon-Kuk Lee, Ji-Youn Han
PURPOSE: High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (HGNEC) of the lung is an aggressive cancer with a complex biology. We aimed to explore the prognostic value of genetic aberrations and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) expression in HGNEC and to establish a novel prognostic model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 191 patients with histologically confirmed HGNEC of the lung. Tumor tissues were analyzed using PARP1 immunohistochemistry (IHC; N = 191) and comprehensive cancer panel sequencing (n = 102)...
April 2024: JCO Precision Oncology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikio Okazaki, Ken Suzawa, Kazuhiko Shien, Kohei Hashimoto, Shin Tanaka, Kentaroh Miyoshi, Hiromasa Yamamoto, Seiichiro Sugimoto, Shinichi Toyooka
PURPOSES: Robot-assisted thoracoscopic (RATS) segmentectomy is becoming increasingly common because of the expanded indications for segmentectomy and the widespread adoption of robotic surgery. The precise division of the intersegmental plane is necessary to ensure oncologic margins from the tumor and to preserve the lung function. In this study, we present a strategy for accurately dividing the intersegmental plane using a robotic stapler and review the surgical outcomes. METHODS: RATS portal segmentectomy was performed using the Da Vinci Xi system and the intersegmental plane was dissected using a robotic stapler...
April 18, 2024: Surgery Today
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad A Anwar, Ammar H Keshteli, Haiyan Yang, Windy Wang, Xukun Li, Helen M Messier, Pieter R Cullis, Christoph H Borchers, Robert Fraser, David S Wishart
Over a decade ago, longitudinal multiomics analysis was pioneered for early disease detection and individually tailored precision health interventions. However, high sample processing costs, expansive multiomics measurements along with complex data analysis have made this approach to precision/personalized medicine impractical. Here we describe in a case report, a more practical approach that uses fewer measurements, annual sampling, and faster decision making. We also show how this approach offers promise to detect an exceedingly rare and potentially fatal condition before it fully manifests...
April 17, 2024: Omics: a Journal of Integrative Biology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Carlos Núñez-Enríquez, Rubí Romo-Rodríguez, Pedro Gaspar-Mendoza, Gabriela Zamora-Herrera, Lizeth Torres-Pineda, Jiovanni Amador-Cardoso, Jebea A López-Blanco, Laura Alfaro-Hernández, Lucero López-García, Arely Rosas-Cruz, Dulce Rosario Alberto-Aguilar, César Omar Trejo-Pichardo, Dalia Ramírez-Ramírez, Astin Cruz-Maza, Janet Flores-Lujano, Nuria Luna-Silva, Angélica Martínez-Martell, Karina Martínez-Jose, Anabel Ramírez-Ramírez, Juan Carlos Solis-Poblano, Patricia Zagoya-Martínez, Vanessa Terán-Cerqueda, Andrea Huerta-Moreno, Álvaro Montiel-Jarquín, Miguel Garrido-Hernández, Raquel Hernández-Ramos, Daniela Olvera-Caraza, Cynthia Shanat Cruz-Medina, Enoch Alvarez-Rodríguez, Lénica Anahí Chávez-Aguilar, Wilfrido Herrera-Olivares, Brianda García-Hidalgo, Lena Sarahí Cano-Cuapio, Claudia Guevara-Espejel, Gerardo Juárez-Avendaño, Juan Carlos Balandrán, Ma Del Rocío Baños-Lara, Mariana Cárdenas-González, Elena R Álvarez-Buylla, Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia, Diana Casique-Aguirre, Rosana Pelayo
The main objective of the National Project for Research and Incidence of Childhood Leukemias is to reduce early mortality rates for these neoplasms in the vulnerable regions of Mexico. This project was conducted in the states of Oaxaca, Puebla, and Tlaxcala. A key strategy of the project is the implementation of an effective roadmap to ensure that leukemia patients are the target of maximum benefit of interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers, clinicians, surveyors, and laboratories. This strategy guarantees the comprehensive management of diagnosis and follow-up samples of pediatric patients with leukemia, centralizing, managing, and analyzing the information collected...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
#9
REVIEW
Kunal K Sindhu, Zachary Dovey, Marcher Thompson, Anthony D Nehlsen, Karin A Skalina, Beata Malachowska, Shaakir Hasan, Chandan Guha, Justin Tang, Lucas Resende Salgado
BACKGROUND: Racial disparities in oncological outcomes resulting from differences in social determinants of health (SDOH) and tumour biology are well described in prostate cancer (PCa) but similar inequities exist in bladder (BCa) and renal cancers (RCCs). Precision medicine (PM) aims to provide personalized treatment based on individual patient characteristics and has the potential to reduce these inequities in GU cancers. OBJECTIVE: This article aims to review the current evidence outlining racial disparities in GU cancers and explore studies demonstrating improved oncological outcomes when PM is applied to racially diverse patient populations...
April 2024: BJUI compass
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Udit Nindra, Peter Lin, Therese Becker, Tara L Roberts, Wei Chua
Prostate cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. There have been significant advances in chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and targeted therapy options for patients with castrate-resistant disease. However, these systemic treatments are often associated with unwanted toxicities. Targeted therapy with radiopharmaceuticals has become of key interest to limit systemic toxicity and provides a more precision oncology approach to treatment. Strontium-89, Samarium-153 EDTMP and Radium-223 have been trialled with mixed results...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chia-Jung Li, Yen-Dun Tony Tzeng, Jui-Hu Hsiao, Ling-Ming Tseng, Tzu-Sheng Hsu, Pei-Yi Chu
The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) is a transmembrane protein facilitating the entry of calcium ions into mitochondria from the cell cytosol. Maintaining calcium balance is crucial for enhancing cellular energy supply and regulating cell death. The interplay of calcium balance through MCU and the sodium-calcium exchanger is known, but its regulation in the breast cancer tumor microenvironment remains elusive. Further investigations are warranted to explore MCU's potential in BRCA clinical pathology, tumor immune microenvironment, and precision oncology...
April 17, 2024: Cancer Cell International
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yichen Wang, Wenhua Zhang, Lijun Chen, Jun Xie, Xuebin Zheng, Yan Jin, Qiang Zheng, Qianqian Xue, Bin Li, Chuan He, Haiquan Chen, Yuan Li
BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery has become the standard of care for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and accurate pathological response assessment is critical to assess the therapeutic efficacy. However, it can be laborious and inconsistency between different observers may occur. Hence, we aim to develop an interpretable deep-learning model for efficient pathological response assessment following neoadjuvant therapy in ESCC. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed 337 ESCC resection specimens from 2020-2021 at the Pudong-Branch (Cohort 1) and 114 from 2021-2022 at the Puxi-Branch (External Cohort 2) of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center...
April 17, 2024: Biological Procedures Online
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janet Vittone, David Gill, Alex Goldsmith, Eric A Klein, Jordan J Karlitz
US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines recommend single-cancer screening for select cancers (e.g., breast, cervical, colorectal, lung). Advances in genome sequencing and machine learning have facilitated the development of blood-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests intended to complement single-cancer screening. MCED tests can interrogate circulating cell-free DNA to detect a shared cancer signal across multiple tumor types. We report real-world experience with an MCED test that detected cancer signals in three individuals subsequently diagnosed with cancers of the ovary, kidney, and head/neck that lack USPSTF-recommended screening...
April 17, 2024: NPJ Precision Oncology
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Z Wu, X Jia, L Lu, C Xu, Y Pang, S Peng, M Liu, Y Wu
AIMS: Accurate dose delivery is crucial for cervical cancer volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). We aimed to develop a robust deep-learning (DL) algorithm for fast and accurate dose prediction of cervical cancer VMAT in multicenter datasets and then explore the feasibility of the DL algorithm to endometrial cancer VMAT with different prescriptions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We proposed the AtTranNet algorithm for three-dimensional dose prediction. A total of 367 cervical patients were enrolled in this study...
March 26, 2024: Clinical Oncology: a Journal of the Royal College of Radiologists
#15
REVIEW
Claudia Christowitz, Daniel W Olivier, Johann W Schneider, Maritha J Kotze, Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
A pathology-supported genetic testing (PSGT) framework was established in South Africa to improve access to precision medicine for patients with breast carcinomas. Nevertheless, the frequent identification of variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) with the use of genome-scale next-generation sequencing has created a bottleneck in the return of results to patients. This review highlights the importance of incorporating functional genomics into the PSGT framework as a proposed initiative. Here, we explore various model systems and experimental methods available for conducting functional studies in South Africa to enhance both variant classification and clinical interpretation...
April 15, 2024: Mutation Research. Reviews in Mutation Research
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jon Zugazagoitia, Handerson Osma, Javier Baena, Álvaro C Ucero, Luis Paz-Ares
Platinum-based chemotherapy plus PD-1 axis blockade is the standard of care in the front-line treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Despite the robust and consistent increase of long-term survival with PD-1 axis inhibition, the magnitude of the benefit from immunotherapy appears lower as compared to other solid tumors. Several immune evasive mechanisms have been shown to be prominently altered in human SCLC, including, among others, T cell exclusion, downregulation of components of the MHC-class I antigen processing and presentation machinery, or upregulation of macrophage inhibitory checkpoints...
April 17, 2024: Clinical Cancer Research
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melina Peressini, Rosario Garcia-Campelo, Bartomeu Massuti, Cristina Marti, Manuel Cobo, Vanesa Gutiérrez, Manuel Dómine, Jose Fuentes, Margarita Majem, Javier de Castro, Juan Felipe Cordoba, Maria Pilar Diz, Dolores Isla, Emilio Esteban, Enric Carcereny, Laia Vila, Alberto Moreno-Vega, Silverio Ros, Amaia Moreno, Francisco Javier Garcia, Gerardo Huidobro, Carlos Aguado, Victor Cebey-Lopez, Javier Valdivia, Ramon Palmero, Pilar Lianes, Marta Lopez-Brea, Oscar Juan Vidal, Mariano Provencio, Edurne Arriola, Javier Baena, Mercedes Herrera, Helena Bote, Magdalena Molero, Vera Adradas, Santiago Ponce-Aix, Angel Nuñez-Buiza, Álvaro Ucero, Susana Hernandez, Fernando Lopez-Rios, Esther Conde, Luis Paz-Ares, Jon Zugazagoitia
BACKGROUND: Transcriptomic subtyping holds promise for personalized therapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). In this study, we aimed to assess intratumoral transcriptomic subtype diversity and to identify biomarkers of long-term chemoimmunotherapy benefit in human ES-SCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed tumor samples from 58 ES-SCLC patients enrolled in two multicenter single-arm phase IIIb studies evaluating front-line chemoimmunotherapy in Spain: n=32 from the IMfirst trial, and n=26 from the CANTABRICO trial...
April 17, 2024: Clinical Cancer Research
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Priscila Radu, Gayathri Kumar, Amanda Cole, Aikaterini Fameli, Mark Guthrie, Lieven Annemans, Jan Geissler, Antoine Italiano, Brian O'Rourke, Entela Xoxi, Lotte Steuten
BACKGROUND: Genomic and molecular alterations are increasingly important in cancer diagnosis, and scientific advances are opening new treatment avenues. Precision oncology (PO) uses a patient's genomic profile to determine optimal treatment, promising fewer side effects and higher success rates. Within PO, tumor-agnostic (TA) therapies target genomic alterations irrespective of tumor location. However, traditional value frameworks and approval pathways pose challenges which may limit patient access to PO therapies...
April 17, 2024: Oncologist
#19
REVIEW
Hisato Kawakami
Molecularly targeted therapy for receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) has faced limitations in gastric and gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer except for HER2-targeted agents, possibly due to inappropriate assay selection that has hindered identification of sensitive patients, in addition to coexisting genetic abnormalities as well as intratumoral heterogeneity. Immunohistochemistry of RTKs has, thus, proved largely unsuccessful for patient selection, and detection of RTK gene amplification as a true oncogenic driver is problematic given the small numbers of affected individuals...
April 17, 2024: International Journal of Clinical Oncology
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Amal F Gharib, Maha Mahfouz Bakhuraysah, Amani A Alrehaili, Shatha M Algethami, Hayfa Ali Alsaif, Norah Al Harthi, Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
Among the most prevalent forms of cancer are breast, lung, colon-rectum, and prostate cancers, and breast cancer is a major global health challenge, contributing to 2.26 million cases with approximately 685,000 deaths worldwide in 2020 alone, typically beginning in the milk ducts or lobules that produce and transport milk during lactation and it is becoming challenging to treat as the tissues are developing resistance, which makes urgent calls for new multitargeted drugs. The multitargeted drug design provides a better solution, simultaneously targeting multiple pathways, even when the drug resists one, it remains effective for others...
April 17, 2024: Medical Oncology
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