Nephropaty

AIM: To characterize clinical features and course of ischemic renal disease (IRD) combined with other chronic nephropathies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 102 patients with IRD treated in the E. M. Tareev clinic of the I. M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy in 2001-2006. We made a general clinical examination, clinical and biochemical blood tests. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated according to Cockroft-Gault formula. Arterial hypertension was assessed according to ESH...

Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) belongs to a family of biologically active lipids derived from the 20-carbon essential fatty acids. Renal PGE(2) is involved in the development of the kidney; it also contributes to regulate renal perfusion and glomerular filtration rate, and controls water and electrolyte balance. Furthermore, this mediator protects the kidney against excessive functional changes during the transition from fetal to extrauterine life, when it counteracts the vasoconstrictive effects of high levels of angiotensin II and other mediators...

INTRODUCTION: Good vascular access remains the cornerstone of effective hemodialysis treatment. The Tesio catheters has been proposed to be a reliable source of vascular access for the dialysis patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We examined all Tesio catheters inserted over a 3-year period in our hospital. We obtained age, sex, dialysis duration, original nephropaty, vascular access history, complications, dialysis parameters, catheter function duration, confort level for patients and nurses, and death in all our cases...

INTRODUCTION: It has always been thought that a reduction of renal tissue in childhood sometimes causes some irreversible injury in the remnant kidney as the years go by. The aim of this paper is to look over the presence of these changes and identify the risk of nephropaty throughout several parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 38 children, 23 males and 15 females, aged between 1 and 15 years, who had lost unilateral renal mass because of congenital or adquired diseases...

Angiodysplasia is an important cause of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with chronic renal failure. Octreotide, a long-acting synthetic somatostatin analogue that reduces splachnic blood flow have been used to treat esophageal varicose hemorrhage, but its efficacy for bleeding vascular ecstasies is awaiting support. We present three patients with chronic renal failure (two with diabetic nephropaty and the third with mesangiocapilar glomerulonephritis and hepatic cirrosis), seric creatinine 3-4,5 mg/dl, and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding due to diffuse angiodysplasia and vascular ecstasies, diagnosed by oral endoscopy, colonoscopy and video capsule...

UNLABELLED: Vascular diseases are the first cause of mortality within the occidental world. In Spain, they represent 35.5% within the total of deceases. Vascular diseases, jointly with Diabetic Nephropaty, are the first cause of inclusion of patients in dialysis. In precocious stages of renal disease, and as a consequence of the inflammatory condition generated already exists vascular damage. But its prevention is difficult, because habitually GFR is evaluated by means of plasmatic creatinin rate impeding the suitable detection of renal disease prevailing...

Increased interest in aneurysms involving the renal artery and its branches has occurred during the past 3 decades. The prevalence of renal artery aneurysms is approximately 0.01%-1% in the general population as well as 2.5% in hypertensive patients undergoing angiography. Intraparenchymal renal artery aneurysms (IPRAAs) are rare since being detected in less than 10% of patients with renal artery aneurysms. The Authors report an unusual case of multiple small intrarenal artery aneurysms associated with a large IPRAA located in the mid portion of the right kidney...

Few data are now avalable concerning renal pathology in black African. That is why we under took this study as a contribution to the better knowlege of pathological aspects of kidney disease in Dakar by analysing our 6 years's experience. It was a retrospective study concerning all the patients who underwent renal biopsyfrom January 1993 to December 1998. The samples were studied on light microscopy and immunoflorescence at the nephrology unit of Necker Hospital in Paris. We performed 115 renal biopsies during this period conceming 64 males and 51 females from 5 to 60 years old (mean age 28 years)...

We report a case of acute renal failure, quickly evolved, in which the coexistence of parenchimal nephropaty and renal mass, have induced not a common diagnostic and therapeutic approach, finalized to optimize the interventional nephrology procedures, with the use of various imaging procedures. It is followed a multidisciplinar therapeutic approach, with the employment of dialysis, steroid therapy and surgical treatment.

IgA nephropathy is a primitive cronic idiopatic glomerulonephritis, characterized by diffuse depositis of IgA in the glomeruler mesangium. Familial cases are also descripted. IgA nephropaty is more frequent in males and in white rase. In Italy it's the most frequently recognized glomerulonephritis in renal biopsia (20%), especially in patients with dismorfic micro or macroematuria and nephrotic proteinuria. Clinical presentation is often in association with respiratory tract or gastrointestinal disorders. The most relevant pathogenetic hypothesis suggest an IgA abnormal glycosilation, with mesangial IgA aggregation, increased mesangial reactivity and release of inflammatory mediators and fibrotic agents...

This series of articles on the management of glomerulonephritis (GN) has been prepared by a team of experts in the evidence-based format consistent with peer review of published data. Each author was asked to review the literature for his assigned histological type, with emphasis on therapy and limited to adult studies. The age limit was not considered for minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, because of the high prevalence of these glomerulopathies in children. The particular treatment recommendations for each type of glomerular disease were graded by each author according to the amount of evidence provided in these reviewed studies...

BACKGROUND: Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) has become the predominant limiting factor for long-term transplant survival. A cardinal histomorphologic correlate for CAN is interstitial fibrosis. Currently, no method has been established in routine use that reliably quantifies the extent of interstitial fibrosis in renal grafts. We have used staining with picrosirius red followed by computerized image analysis to study the correlation between graft fibrosis and future development of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a group of children with advanced CAN...

UNLABELLED: Many markers have been proposed to identify the pregnant woman at risk to develop preeclampsia, without finding at the moment the gold standard. OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of the present study was to know if the detection of microalbuminuria in early stages of pregnancy is a good predictor of preeclampsia. METHODS AND MATERIAL: One hundred and two women (102) were studied. All of them had risk factors for preeclampsia with a pregnancy between 16 and 18 weeks, an evaluation of microalbuminuria was done through a clean-catch dipstick of the first miction of the day, excluding patients with urinary tract infections and nephropaty, > 20 mg/L was considered a positive value...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

UNLABELLED: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the kidney split function (KSF), the effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GF) in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 125 patients (IDDM:10, NIDDM:115), including 62 men, ages 18-84 years, were studied. In all cases GF (Cr 51 EDTA), ERPF (131I-hippuran), kidney split function (obtained from the 99mTc-MAG3 renogram) and basal serum creatinine (SC) were evaluated at the beginning of the study and patients were clinically followed up for 5 years by SC...

Ochratoxins are mycotoxins released by moulds on grain, peanuts and vegetables. Toxicological investigations have shown that ochratoxin A displays nephrotoxic, genotoxic, teratogenic, cancerogenic and immunosuppressive effects. Increased blood levels observed in humans would seem to suggest a link to a kidney desease (Balcan Endemic Nephropaty) frequently observed in the Balkan countries. The adverse effects of ochratoxin A are mainly associated with its impact on phenylalanine-metabolizing enzymes. Based on the three-dimensional structure of phenylalanine-t-RNA-synthetase, its interactions with ochratoxins are analyzed as well as with Aspartam...

A peritoneal dialysis patient was reported who had ultrafiltration loss due to a marked increase in lymphatic absorption and peritoneal membrane permeability. A 33-year-old male was transferred from hemodialysis to peritoneal dialysis because of acute subdural hematoma. His complicated history included left testicular tumor with retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis in 1982. He was treated with CDDP, Etoposide, Bleomycin, Vinblastine sulfate and Vincristine and received operation of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in 1982...

Because of the great problem of viral hepatitis in hemodialysis patients, the Italian Society of Nephrology decided to perform a national epidemiologic survey. We contacted 467 nephrological centers by a questionnaire which let us have information on 25,746 uremic patients: 18,338 on HD, 2,250 on PD and 5,176 with kidney transplant, respectively 78.5% of the total Italian dialysed patients and 91.4% of the total transplanted patients. Statistical analyses were performed. HBV infections occur in 7.8% of the patients (2,008 cases) but considering that 485 cases became spontaneously negative, the true overall incidence of chronic carriers falls to 4...

Several coagulation factors were studied in twenty children less than 16 years old, bearing nephrotic syndrome. Four of them were in remission. In nephrotic syndrome there is hypercoagulability. Coagulations factors such as fibrinogen, platelet factor III, prothrombin time, and factor V are markedly altered, and to a lesser degree, total number of platelets. Fibrin degradation products factors II, VII, X and VIII are also altered. During remission, all of them improve or become normal. In no case fibrin breakdown products were found in the blood...

The recent literature relating to the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, with or without nephropaty, is critically reviewed. Particular attention is given to the Growth Hormone (GH) hypothesis. The various procedures of hypophysectomy are discussed, including the possible ways of suppressing growth hormone production or overproduction by drugs, and expecially by medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP). Personal results obtained with long-term administration of MAP in deposit form on alternate days in 10 patients with advanced retinopathy are described...