keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506230/pcr-testing-for-herpesviruses-in-aqueous-humor-samples-from-patients-with-and-without-clinical-corneal-endothelial-graft-rejection
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaser Abu Dail, Loay Daas, Elias Flockerzi, Cristian Munteanu, Julian Kahlert, Sigrun Smola, Berthold Seitz
To compare prevalence of positive PCR tests for herpesviruses between patients with and without a history of clinical corneal endothelial allograft rejection (AGR). Retrospective cross-sectional study with two-group comparison. A total of 307 aqueous humor (AH) samples from 235 Patients and 244 eyes who underwent penetrating keratoplasty or Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty or had a diagnostic AH aspiration due to clinical AGR between 2019 and 2023 were tested for DNA of herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466284/exploring-heparanase-levels-in-tears-insights-from-herpes-simplex-virus-1-keratitis-patients-and-animal-studies
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Satyashree Gagan, Agimanailiu Khapuinamai, Divya Kapoor, Pankaj Sharma, Tejabhiram Yadavalli, Joveeta Joseph, Deepak Shukla, Bhupesh Bagga
PURPOSE: Heparanase (HPSE) cleaves heparan sulfate proteoglycans during herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection, aiding in viral egress and disease progression. Its action has been well established in in vitro and in vivo models, but its relevance in human patients remains unclear. This study aimed to specifically evaluate tear HPSE levels of patients with herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) and to correlate these findings with a commonly used murine model. METHODS: Tear samples from patient and mice samples were collected at LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India, and at the University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, respectively...
March 5, 2024: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450463/-subfamily-of-betaherpesviruses-as-a-cause-of-epithelial-and-stromal-keratitis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D Yu Maychuk, A A Tarkhanova, M R Taevere, A V Shatskih, S A Sudakova
PURPOSE: This article presents the first clinical results of intravital morphological verification of epithelial and stromal keratitis associated with betaherpesviruses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group included 12 patients (12 eyes) diagnosed with herpetic keratitis. During the initial visit to the clinic, each patient underwent a standard ophthalmological examination, as well as a number of laboratory tests: immunochemical analysis of blood, molecular diagnostics, and confocal microscopy...
2024: Vestnik Oftalmologii
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38376148/absence-of-cd80-reduces-hsv-1-replication-in-the-eye-and-delays-reactivation-but-not-latency-levels
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ujjaldeep Jaggi, Harry H Matundan, Jay J Oh, Homayon Ghiasi
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infections are among the most frequent serious viral eye infections in the U.S. and are a major cause of viral-induced blindness. HSV-1 infection is known to induce T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation that play crucial roles in the development of virus-induced inflammatory lesions, leading to eye disease and causing chronic corneal damage. CD80 is a co-stimulatory molecule and plays a leading role in T cell differentiation. Previous efforts to limit lesion severity by controlling inflammation at the cellular level led us to ask whether mice knocked out for CD80 would show attenuated virus replication following reactivation...
February 20, 2024: Journal of Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38310042/effect-of-atopic-conditions-on-development-and-recurrences-of-infectious-keratitis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yutaka Omatsu, Yumiko Shimizu, Tomoko Haruki, Yoshitsugu Inoue, Dai Miyazaki
BACKGROUND: Atopic conditions are known to be associated with viral and bacterial infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the effects of atopic conditions on the severity and recurrence of ocular infections including herpes simplex virus (HSV). METHODS: This study was performed on 474 consecutive patients with infectious keratitis caused by bacteria, fungus, acanthamoeba, HSV, or varicella-zoster virus. The relationships between the atopic condition and specific infectious pathogens and HSV were determined using real-time PCR...
February 2, 2024: Allergology International: Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38303587/viral-keratitis-surgical-intervention-in-viral-keratitis-challenges-in-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-viral-keratitis-hsv-hzv
#6
REVIEW
Anitha Venugopal, Josephine Christy, Vaidehi Raut, Preethi P, Veena Patwardhan, Veeramma V, Aditee Madkaikar, Mangala P, Ravindran Meenakshi, Rangappa Ramakrishnan
Viral keratitis is a significant cause of ocular morbidity and visual impairment worldwide. In recent years, there has been a growing understanding of the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic modalities for viral keratitis. The most common viral pathogens associated with this condition are adenovirus, herpes simplex (HSV), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). However, emerging viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Vaccinia virus can also cause keratitis. Non-surgical interventions are the mainstay of treatment for viral keratitis...
February 1, 2024: Seminars in Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38275838/herpes-simplex-virus-type-1-modifies-the-protein-composition-of-extracellular-vesicles-to-promote-neurite-outgrowth-and-neuroinfection
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guorong Sun, Kai Alexander Kropp, Marieluise Kirchner, Nina Plückebaum, Anton Selich, Manutea Serrero, Akshay Dhingra, Jorge Rubén Cabrera, Birgit Ritter, Rudolf Bauerfeind, Emanuel Wyler, Markus Landthaler, Axel Schambach, Beate Sodeik, Philipp Mertins, Abel Viejo-Borbolla
The highly prevalent herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) causes a range of diseases, including cold sores, blinding keratitis, and life-threatening encephalitis. HSV-1 initially replicates in epithelial cells, enters the peripheral nervous system via neurites, and establishes lifelong infection in the neuronal cell bodies. Neurites are highly dynamic structures that grow or retract in response to attractive or repulsive cues, respectively. Here, we show that infection with HSV-1, but not with a mutant virus lacking glycoprotein G (gG), reduced the repulsive effect of epithelial cells on neurite outgrowth and facilitated HSV-1 invasion of neurons...
January 26, 2024: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38222990/herpetic-keratitis-following-treatment-of-acute-antibody-mediated-rejection-in-a-renal-transplantation-recipient
#8
Geeta Behera, Sandip Sarkar, Jagadeeshwari Jayaseelan, Sreejith Parameswaran
We report an incident case of herpetic keratitis in a renal transplant recipient treated for acute renal allograft rejection. A lady in her forties, a renal transplant recipient on treatment for allograft rejection, was referred with mild ocular symptoms in the right eye for two days. On evaluation, she had mild conjunctival hyperemia and extensive herpetic epithelial keratitis involving the limbal and central corneas. The patient healed without sequelae from the antivirals and lubricants. Viral keratitis in immunosuppressed patients should be suspected, even in patients with mild symptoms, as early initiation of treatment can prevent rapid stromal involvement and scarring...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38176892/sunglasses-for-painful-red-eye
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sean Keohane, James Potts, Mark Taubert
We present the case of a 62-year-old man who developed an acutely painful red eye with severe photophobia while in an oncology ward after spinal radiotherapy. In a joint effort between palliative care, oncology and ophthalmology clinicians, he was diagnosed with herpes simplex viral keratitis. This was treated with topical and systemic antiviral medication, as well as corticosteroids. Alongside analgesics, he also benefited from a pair of sunglasses for severe, painful photophobia.
January 4, 2024: BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38163580/krupple-like-factor-4-klf4-methylation-signature-in-host-cell-in-active-viral-keratitis-with-epithelial-manifestation
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vatsala Nidhi, Jyoti Sangwan, Swati Sood, Moumita Mondal, Bharti Sangwan, Mehak Vohra, Abha Gour, Umang Mathur, Virender Singh Sangwan, Manisha Acharya, Anil Tiwari
HSV1 presents as epithelial or stromal keratitis or keratouveitis and can lead to sight-threatening complications. KLF4, a critical transcription factor, and regulator of cell growth and differentiation, is essential in corneal epithelium stratification and homeostasis. Here, we want to understand the epigenetic modification specifically the methylation status of KLF4 in epithelium samples of HSV1 keratitis patients. After obtaining consent, epithelial scrapes were collected from 7 patients with clinically diagnosed HSV1 keratitis and 7 control samples (patients undergoing photorefractive keratectomy)...
December 30, 2023: Experimental Eye Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38140542/monkeypox-virus-immune-evasion-and-eye-manifestation-beyond-eyelid-implications
#11
REVIEW
Francisco D Lucena-Neto, Luiz F M Falcão, Adolfo S Vieira-Junior, Evelly C S Moraes, Joacy P F David, Camilla C Silva, Jorge R Sousa, Maria I S Duarte, Pedro F C Vasconcelos, Juarez A S Quaresma
Monkeypox virus (MPXV), belonging to the Poxviridae family and Orthopoxvirus genus, is closely related to the smallpox virus. Initial prodromal symptoms typically include headache, fever, and lymphadenopathy. This review aims to detail various ocular manifestations and immune evasion associated with the monkeypox viral infection and its complications, making it appropriate as a narrative review. Common external ocular manifestations of MPXV typically involve a generalized pustular rash, keratitis, discharges, and dried secretions related to conjunctival pustules, photophobia, and lacrimation...
November 23, 2023: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38131568/depth-size-of-infiltrate-and-the-microbe-the-trio-that-prognosticates-the-outcome-of-infective-keratitis
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shweta Agarwal, Bhaskar Srinivasan, Geetha Iyer, Sunita Pandey, Manokamna Agarwal, Richa Dhiman, Janani Surya, Appakkudal R Anand
PURPOSE: To analyze the influence of infiltrate size, depth, and organism on the outcome of microbial keratitis. DESIGN: Retrospective comparative study. METHODS: Medical records of patients with infective keratitis, who reported from January 2015 to December 2019 to a tertiary eye care center, were analyzed. Size and depth of ulcer at presentation were the factors used to group patients, and the influence on the outcome of the organism causing it was analyzed...
January 1, 2024: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38117245/loss-of-trpm8-exacerbate-herpes-simplex-keratitis-infection-in-mice-by-promoting-the-infiltration-of-cd11b-ly6g-cells-and-increasing-the-viral-load-in-the-cornea
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Feng, Lingling Yang, Lili Ran, Xia Qi, Xiaolei Wang, Yangyang Zhang, Zongzheng Zou, Ting Liu, Xiaochuan Wang, Yang Yu, Xiaodong Sun, Qingjun Zhou
PURPOSE: To reveal the role of transient receptor potential cation subfamily M member 8 (TRPM8) channels in herpes simplex keratitis (HSK). METHODS: HSK models were established using TRPM8 knockout (TRPM8-/-) mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates. The infected corneas were graded and harvested to evaluate the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), as well as the infiltration of inflammatory cells through immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry...
December 1, 2023: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38112858/ruxolitinib-rescues-multiorgan-clinical-autoimmunity-in-patients-with-aps-1
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Romain Lévy, Agathe Escudier, Paul Bastard, Coralie Briand, Laura Polivka, Athanasia Stoupa, Cécile Talbotec, Anya Rothenbuhler, Marina Charbit, Dominique Debray, Christine Bodemer, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Agnès Linglart, Bénédicte Neven
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1 (APS-1) is caused by mono- or biallelic loss-of-function variants of the autoimmune regulator gene AIRE underlying early-onset multiorgan autoimmunity and the production of neutralizing autoantibodies against cytokines, accounting for mucosal candidiasis and viral diseases. Medical intervention is essential to prevent or attenuate autoimmune manifestations. Ruxolitinib is a JAK inhibitor approved for use in several autoimmune conditions. It is also used off-label to treat autoimmune manifestations of a growing range of inborn errors of immunity...
December 19, 2023: Journal of Clinical Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38038483/diagnostic-performance-of-real-time-quantitative-pcr-in-tear-samples-in-various-subtypes-of-herpes-simplex-keratitis
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gautier Hoarau, Oscar Haigh, Christelle Vauloup-Fellous, Rafaël Boucher, Alexandra Rouquette, Pascale Faure, Lamia Limam, Marc Labetoulle, Antoine Rousseau
Diagnosis of herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is mostly based on clinical findings, yet biological confirmation supports management of challenging cases. This study evaluated the place of real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) on tear samplings in the management of HSK. Clinical records of patients who underwent tear sampling tested by RT-qPCR for herpes simplex virus type 1 for an acute episode of corneal inflammation or defect between January 2013 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, and results were compared to clinical diagnosis (i...
December 1, 2023: Journal of Clinical Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38015175/unique-attributes-of-guinea-pigs-as-new-models-to-study-ocular-herpes-pathophysiology-and-recurrence
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tejabhiram Yadavalli, Chandrashekhar Patil, Pankaj Sharma, Ipsita Volety, Hemant Borase, Divya Kapoor, Deepak Shukla
PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to explore the ocular and systemic outcomes of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in guinea pigs, to monitor the spontaneous reactivation of the virus, and to assess the effectiveness of various treatments, drawing comparisons to conventional rabbit models. METHODS: Guinea pigs and rabbits were infected in the right corneas with differing doses and strains of HSV-1. Observations were made over a 71-day period, focusing on comparing ocular lesions, viral shedding patterns, and weight loss between the two animal models...
November 1, 2023: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37981051/targeted-delivery-of-herpes-simplex-virus-glycoprotein-d-to-cd169-macrophages-using-ganglioside-liposomes-alleviates-herpes-simplex-keratitis-in-mice
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenhao Shen, Chenchen Wang, Jiaxuan Jiang, Yun He, Qi Liang, Kai Hu
Herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is a common blinding corneal disease caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. Antiviral drugs and corticosteroids haven't shown adequate therapeutic efficacy. During the early stages of HSV-1 infection, macrophages serve as the first line of defense. In particular, CD169+ macrophages play an important role in phagocytosis and antigen presentation. Therefore, we constructed GM-gD-lip, a ganglioside GM1 liposome vaccine encapsulating HSV-1 glycoprotein D and targeting CD169+ macrophages...
November 17, 2023: Journal of Controlled Release
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37959793/large-subunit-of-the-human-herpes-simplex-virus-terminase-as-a-promising-target-in-design-of-anti-herpesvirus-agents
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Victor P Krasnov, Valeriya L Andronova, Alexander V Belyavsky, Sophia S Borisevich, George A Galegov, Oleg F Kandarakov, Dmitry A Gruzdev, Olga A Vozdvizhenskaya, Galina L Levit
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is an extremely widespread pathogen characterized by recurrent infections. HSV-1 most commonly causes painful blisters or sores around the mouth or on the genitals, but it can also cause keratitis or, rarely, encephalitis. First-line and second-line antiviral drugs used to treat HSV infections, acyclovir and related compounds, as well as foscarnet and cidofovir, selectively inhibit herpesvirus DNA polymerase (DNA-pol). It has been previously found that ( S )-4-[6-(purin-6-yl)aminohexanoyl]-7,8-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-2 H -[1,4]benzoxazine (compound 1 ) exhibits selective anti-herpesvirus activity against HSV-1 in cell culture, including acyclovir-resistant mutants, so we consider it as a lead compound...
October 31, 2023: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37870015/epidemiological-and-microbiological-profiles-of-microbial-keratitis-in-a-tertiary-eye-center-in-eastern-india-bihar
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rakhi Kusumesh, Anita Ambastha, Lalan K Arya, Anita Kumari, Neha Kumari, Bibhuti P Sinha, Nilesh Mohan, Namrata Kumari
PURPOSE: To determine the demography, risk factors, and causative organisms of microbial keratitis (MK) in Bihar, an eastern state of India. DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: We reviewed the demographic, clinical, and microbiological data of 2303 patients with MK (non-viral) presenting between January 2019 and December 2022. RESULTS: This study revealed a predominance of males (65.0%) compared to females (34.9%), with a mean age of 48...
November 2023: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37833623/bilateral-interstitial-keratitis-following-covid-19-a-case-report
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nathalie Dalloul Daher, Zeba A Syed
BACKGROUND: Although the primary target of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the respiratory tract, the expression of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor in other tissues facilitates viral entry in others parts of the body, including ocular structures. Ocular manifestations may occur before, during, or after systemic infection. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 60-year-old male who presented with bilateral interstitial keratitis after the onset of COVID-19, with ocular symptoms starting within 7 days after systemic symptoms...
October 13, 2023: BMC Ophthalmology
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