Pediatric arrest

Objective: To explore the clinical and genetic characteristics of asparagine synthase deficiency. Methods: Case series studies. Retrospective analysis and summary of the clinical data of 6 cases with asparagine synthase deficiency who were diagnosed by genetic testing and admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2017 to April 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. The main clinical features, laboratory and imaging examination characteristics of the 6 cases were summarized, and the gene variation sites of them were analyzed...

BACKGROUND: Lateral physeal condylar humerus fractures in pediatric patients aged 1-13 rank as the second most common elbow injury, occurring with a frequency ranging from 5% to 16.8%. There exists an ongoing debate regarding the surgical management of these fractures. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) and Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning (CRPP) as suitable surgical treatments for displaced unstable fractures of the lateral condyle physeal humerus in children...

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary failure refractory to medical management after moderate-to-high-risk congenital cardiac surgery may necessitate mechanical support with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). On the extreme, ECMO can also be initiated in the setting of cardiac arrest (extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ECPR) unresponsive to conventional resuscitative measures. METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of patients ( n  = 510) aged <3 years old who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass with a RACHS-1 score ≥3 between 2011 and 2014...

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Most children receive emergency care by general emergency physicians and not in designated children's hospitals. There are unique considerations in the care of children that differ from the care of adults. Many management principles can be extrapolated from adult studies, but the unique pathophysiology of pediatric disease requires specialized attention and management updates. This article highlights ten impactful articles from the year 2023 whose findings can improve the care of children in the Emergency Department (ED)...

Background. Children have differing utilization of emergency medical services (EMS) by socioeconomic status. We evaluated differences in prehospital care among children by the Child Opportunity Index (COI), the agreement between a child's COI at the scene and at home, and in-hospital outcomes for children by COI. Methods. We performed a retrospective study of pediatric (<18 years) scene encounters from approximately 2,000 United States EMS agencies from the 2021-2022 ESO Data Collaborative. We evaluated socioeconomic status using the multi-dimensional COI v2...

RATIONALE: Adult and pediatric studies provide conflicting data whether post-cardiac arrest hypoxemia, hyperoxemia, hypercapnia and/or hypocapnia are associated with worse outcomes. OBJECTIVES: Determine if post-arrest hypoxemia or post-arrest hyperoxemia are associated with lower rates of survival to hospital discharge compared to post-arrest normoxemia, and if post-arrest hypocapnia or hypercapnia are associated with lower rates of survival compared to post-arrest normocapnia...

BACKGROUND: Children with congenital heart disease present a higher frequency of cardiorespiratory arrest (CRA) than the general pediatric population. The epidemiology of CRA is not exactly known in our setting, nor are the mortality risk or the neurological evolution factors. OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology and outcomes associated with pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a cardiovascular recovery unit. The primary endpoint was the survival to discharge and the secondary endpoints were the return to spontaneous circulation, the survival at 24 hours and the remote neurological condition...

OBJECTIVE: Blood-based biomarkers play a central role in the diagnosis and treatment of critically ill patients, yet none are routinely measured during the intra-arrest phase of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Our objective was to describe methodological aspects, sources of evidence, and gaps in research surrounding intra-arrest blood-based biomarkers for OHCA. METHODS: We used scoping review methodology to summarize existing literature. The protocol was designed a priori following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews...

BACKGROUND: Pompe disease, classified as glycogen storage disease type II, arises from a deficiency in the acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) enzyme, leading to glycogen accumulation in multiple tissues. The unique correlation between genotype and enzyme activity is a key feature. This case highlights an infantile-onset form, emphasizing genetic counseling and prenatal testing importance. CASE PRESENTATION: An 18-week-old infant with respiratory distress, cyanosis, and fever was admitted...

OBJECTIVE: Although a small proportion of helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) missions are for pediatric patients, it is recognized that children do present unique challenges. This case series aims to evaluate the intubation first-pass success rate in HEMS pediatric patients for both medical and trauma patients in a UK semiurban environment. METHODS: A retrospective review of the computerized records system was performed from January 1, 2015, to July 31, 2022, at 1 UK HEMS...

BACKGROUND: Is vascular training in paediatric surgical oncology considered desirable ? METHODS: A voluntary survey of work practice was undertaken with the surgeon membership of The International Society Of Paediatric Surgical Oncology (IPSO) using a structured designed questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 149 IPSO surgeon members completed the survey. 57% (N = 84) of surgeons surveyed had no specific training in vascular surgery...

CASE: We will present the case of a 6-year-old girl who presented with a 3-cm limb length discrepancy after intraosseous line placement at age 14 months without other known history of trauma or infection to account for the growth arrest. Imaging revealed a left proximal tibial physeal bar amenable to surgical resection with autologous lipotransfer. At 10 months postoperatively, physical examination and imaging demonstrated a stable 3-cm leg length discrepancy with an interval increase in the length of the left tibia in proportion to the growth of the right side with an increase in valgus alignment that will continue to be monitored and addressed as indicated...

BACKGROUND: Identifying critically ill patients at risk of cardiac arrest is important because it offers the opportunity for early intervention and increased survival. The aim of this study was to develop a deep learning model to predict critical events, such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation or mortality. METHODS: This retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary university hospital. All patients younger than 18 years who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit from January 2010 to May 2023 were included...

Pediatric rapid response teams (RRTs) are expected to significantly lower pediatric mortality in healthcare settings. This study evaluates RRTs' effectiveness in decreasing cardiac arrests and unexpected Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admissions. A quasi-experimental study (2014-2017) at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, involved 3261 pediatric inpatients, split into pre-intervention (1604) and post-intervention (1657) groups. Baseline pediatric warning scores and monthly data on admissions, transfers, arrests, and mortality were analyzed pre- and post-intervention...

BACKGROUND: Ryanodine receptor 2 ( RYR2 ) gene mutation causing catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is one of the identified causes of sudden death in adults and children. CASE DESCRIPTION: We report a case of RYR2 gene mutation presented with cardiac arrest and recurrent syncopal attack with accidental finding of cardiac tumour. For the systematic review, we used four databases (Scopus, PubMed, Ovid and Google Scholar) to search articles with the terms " RYR2 gene mutation" and "catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT)"...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of 38 percent silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in arresting cavitated caries lesions in young U.S. children. Methods: Children 12 to 71 months of age with severe early childhood caries participated in this phase three, multicenter, randomized, placebocontrolled trial. SDF was applied twice (at baseline and six months), and children were followed for eight months. A planned interim analysis of only the six-month primary outcome caries arrest data, for approximately half of the cohort (680 of 1,144 children), was conducted using a generalized estimating equation model, accounting for non-independence among carious lesions within a patient...

PURPOSE: To compile real-time data on the preferred mydriasis practice patterns for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening in Europe. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023, using a self-report online questionnaire which was distributed via email to the members of the European Pediatric Ophthalmological Society and the Greek National ROP Task Force. A six-week period of recruitment was determined, and a reminder email was sent after two weeks...