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• keyword#1
Christopher D Schneck, Kiki D Chang, Manpreet K Singh, Melissa P DelBello, David J Miklowitz
OBJECTIVE: Depression and brief periods of manic symptoms are linked to a significant risk of progression to bipolar disorder (BD) in children who have a first-degree relative with BD I or II. However, little evidence exists to guide the pharmacologic management of children with these high-risk phenotypes. We propose a pharmacological treatment algorithm for high-risk youth and present results on its use in a study of children with a first-degree relative with BD. METHODS: Subjects were 40 youth (mean 12...
July 21, 2017: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
#2
Clare Killikelly, Zhimin He, Clare Reeder, Til Wykes
BACKGROUND: Despite the boom in new technologically based interventions for people with psychosis, recent studies suggest medium to low rates of adherence to these types of interventions. The benefits will be limited if only a minority of service users adhere and engage; if specific predictors of adherence can be identified then technologies can be adapted to increase the service user benefits. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to present a systematic review of rates of adherence, dropout, and approaches to analyzing adherence to newly developed mobile and Web-based interventions for people with psychosis...
July 20, 2017: JMIR MHealth and UHealth
#3
Heather A MacPherson, Sally M Weinstein, Amy E West
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in childhood is not well documented, especially among youth with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD). The current study evaluated prevalence and correlates of NSSI, and its impact on intervention response, in a randomized trial of Child- and Family-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CFF-CBT) versus Treatment As Usual (TAU), adjunctive to pharmacotherapy. This study included 72 children ages 7-13 (58% male) with PBD. NSSI and correlates were assessed at baseline; mood and psychiatric severity were measured longitudinally...
July 20, 2017: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
#4
Bangshan Liu, Yan Zhang, Han Fang, Jin Liu, Tiebang Liu, Lingjiang Li
OBJECTIVE: Efficacy and safety of long-term use of antidepressants (AD) in bipolar disorder (BD) patients remains highly controversial. Here we performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring the efficacy and safety of long-term AD use in BD patients. METHODS: English-written literature published in peer-reviewed journal was systematically searched from Pubmed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PsycINFO and Clinicaltrials.gov. Each database was searched from its first available time to August 31, 2016...
July 11, 2017: Journal of Affective Disorders
#5
R García-Velázquez, M Jokela, T H Rosenström
BACKGROUND: While most psychiatric diagnoses are based on simple counts of symptoms, some symptoms may be sign of a more severe mental syndrome than others. This calls for validated estimates of the relative severity specific symptoms imply within a disorder. We focused on four diagnostic disorders: Manic Episode (ME), Major Depressive Episode (MDE), Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Symptom-specific severity parameters were estimated, and validated by examining their association with levels of self-reported disability in daily activities over and above the number of symptoms...
July 8, 2017: Journal of Affective Disorders
#6
Seline van den Ameele, Violette Coppens, Jeroen Schuermans, Peter De Boer, Maarten Timmers, Erik Fransen, Bernard Sabbe, Manuel Morrens
Altered neurotrophic signaling is thought to impair neuroplasticity in bipolar disorder (BD). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is proposed as a neurotrophic marker in BD. However, the current evidence for its use in monitoring disease activity and illness progression is conflicting and an exploration of additional neurotrophic markers is needed. This prospective case-control study investigated mood-specific changes in potential neurotrophic markers and their association to inflammatory activity. Patients with BD were included during an acute mood episode, either depressive (n=35) or (hypo)manic (n=32)...
July 5, 2017: Psychoneuroendocrinology
#7
Astrid M Kamperman, Marian J Veldman-Hoek, Richard Wesseloo, Emma Robertson Blackmore, Veerle Bergink
OBJECTIVES: Postpartum psychosis (PP) is known for its clear onset but its phenotype has never been clearly described in a cohort. The aim of this study was to describe PP symptomatology, and to identify subgroups of patients based on symptom profiles. METHODS: We prospectively assessed a wide range of symptoms in cases of PP in a cohort of women (N=130) admitted to the Mother-Baby inpatient unit. Using a person-centered analytic approach, we distinguished mutually exclusive subgroups of women...
July 12, 2017: Bipolar Disorders
#8
Eleonora Petri, Olivia Bacci, Margherita Barbuti, Isabella Pacchiarotti, Jean-Michel Azorin, Jules Angst, Charles L Bowden, Sergey Mosolov, Eduard Vieta, Allan H Young, Giulio Perugi
OBJECTIVES: The Bipolar Disorders: Improving Diagnosis, Guidance and Education (BRIDGE)-II-Mix study aimed to estimate the frequency of mixed states in patients with a major depressive episode (MDE) according to different definitions. The present post-hoc analysis evaluated the association between obesity and the presence of mixed features and bipolarity. METHODS: A total of 2811 MDE subjects were enrolled in a multicenter cross-sectional study. In 2744 patients, the body mass index (BMI) was evaluated...
July 10, 2017: Bipolar Disorders
#9
P N Alexandrov, M E Percy, Walter J Lukiw
Down's syndrome (DS; also known as trisomy 21; T21) is caused by a triplication of all or part of human chromosome 21 (chr21). DS is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability attributable to a naturally-occurring imbalance in gene dosage. DS incurs huge medical, healthcare, and socioeconomic costs, and there are as yet no effective treatments for this incapacitating human neurogenetic disorder. There is a remarkably wide variability in the 'phenotypic spectrum' associated with DS; the progression of symptoms and the age of DS onset fluctuate, and there is further variability in the biophysical nature of the chr21 duplication...
July 7, 2017: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology
#10
I Koufaki, V Polizoidou, K N Fountoulakis
The present article attempts first to provide a historical overview of the concept of temperament,The present article attempts first to provide a historical overview of the concept of temperament,since its foundation by Polybos (4th century B.C.) and the school of Cos, its predominant role in theshaping of the anthropological and humanitarian sciences, until the modern theoretical formulations,such as those proposed by Robert Cloninger and Hagop Akiskal. Secondly, recent literature ispresented, which suggests a strong link of different temperament structures to mental health andpsychopathology...
April 2017: Psychiatrikē, Psychiatriki
#11
Joseph J Shaffer, Casey P Johnson, Jess G Fiedorowicz, Gary E Christensen, John A Wemmie, Vincent A Magnotta
Bipolar disorder is characterized by recurring episodes of depression and mania. Defining differences in brain function during these states is an important goal of bipolar disorder research. However, few imaging studies have directly compared brain activity between bipolar mood states. Herein, we compare functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses during a flashing checkerboard stimulus between bipolar participants across mood states (euthymia, depression, and mania) in order to identify functional differences between these states...
July 3, 2017: Brain Imaging and Behavior
#12
Álvaro Frías, Daniel P Dickstein, John Merranko, Mary Kay Gill, Tina R Goldstein, Benjamin I Goldstein, Heather Hower, Shirley Yen, Danella M Hafeman, Fangzi Liao, Rasim Diler, David Axelson, Michael Strober, Jeffrey I Hunt, Neal D Ryan, Martin B Keller, Boris Birmaher
OBJECTIVE: There is substantial interest in delineating the course of cognitive functioning in bipolar (BP) youth. However, there are no longitudinal studies aimed at defining subgroups of BP youth based on their distinctive cognitive trajectories and their associated clinical variables. METHOD: Cognitive functioning was measured in 135 participants from the Course and Outcome of BP Youth (COBY) study using several subtests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB)...
June 2017: Bipolar Disorders
#13
Takeshi Terao, Atsuko Ishida, Toshifumi Kimura, Mitsuhiro Yoshida, Terufumi Hara
BACKGROUND: A post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study was conducted with a 1-year observation period to assess the safety and efficacy of lamotrigine in routine clinical practice in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Central enrollment method was used to recruit patients diagnosed with BD who were being treated for the first time with lamotrigine to prevent the recurrence/relapse of BD mood episodes. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and recurrence/relapse were assessed...
2017: Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
#14
Lars Vedel Kessing, Klaus Munkholm, Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak, Lars Bo Nielsen, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Claus Ekstrøm, Ole Winther, Bente Klarlund Pedersen, Henrik Enghusen Poulsen, Roger S McIntyre, Flavio Kapczinski, Wagner F Gattaz, Jakob Bardram, Mads Frost, Oscar Mayora, Gitte Moos Knudsen, Mary Phillips, Maj Vinberg
INTRODUCTION: Bipolar disorder is an often disabling mental illness with a lifetime prevalence of 1%-2%, a high risk of recurrence of manic and depressive episodes, a lifelong elevated risk of suicide and a substantial heritability. The course of illness is frequently characterised by progressive shortening of interepisode intervals with each recurrence and increasing cognitive dysfunction in a subset of individuals with this condition. Clinically, diagnostic boundaries between bipolar disorder and other psychiatric disorders such as unipolar depression are unclear although pharmacological and psychological treatment strategies differ substantially...
June 23, 2017: BMJ Open
#15
H T Horsdal, O Köhler-Forsberg, M E Benros, C Gasse
BACKGROUND: Mental disorders have been associated with increased levels of inflammatory markers, which can affect disease trajectories. We aimed to assess levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cells (WBC) across individuals with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression, and to investigate associations with subsequent psychiatric admission and mortality. METHODS: We identified all adults in the Central Denmark Region during 2000-2012 with a first diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depression and a baseline measurement of CRP and/or WBC count...
May 17, 2017: European Psychiatry: the Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists
#16
Konstantinos N Fountoulakis, Dina Popovic, Mariela Mosheva, Melina Siamouli, Katerina Moutou, Xenia Gonda
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are traditionally distinguished on the basis of progressive deterioration and long-term outcome, but a more dimensional approach is warranted. There are limited data on the occurrence of manic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of the current study was to search for patterns in the clinical symptomatology, which may suggest the presence of one or several mood disorders under the label of schizophrenia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Hundred-seventy-five patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-5 were included in the study...
June 2017: Psychiatria Danubina
#17
S H Witt, F Streit, M Jungkunz, J Frank, S Awasthi, C S Reinbold, J Treutlein, F Degenhardt, A J Forstner, S Heilmann-Heimbach, L Dietl, C E Schwarze, D Schendel, J Strohmaier, A Abdellaoui, R Adolfsson, T M Air, H Akil, M Alda, N Alliey-Rodriguez, O A Andreassen, G Babadjanova, N J Bass, M Bauer, B T Baune, F Bellivier, S Bergen, A Bethell, J M Biernacka, D H R Blackwood, M P Boks, D I Boomsma, A D Børglum, M Borrmann-Hassenbach, P Brennan, M Budde, H N Buttenschøn, E M Byrne, P Cervantes, T-K Clarke, N Craddock, C Cruceanu, D Curtis, P M Czerski, U Dannlowski, T Davis, E J C de Geus, A Di Florio, S Djurovic, E Domenici, H J Edenberg, B Etain, S B Fischer, L Forty, C Fraser, M A Frye, J M Fullerton, K Gade, E S Gershon, I Giegling, S D Gordon, K Gordon-Smith, H J Grabe, E K Green, T A Greenwood, M Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, J Guzman-Parra, L S Hall, M Hamshere, J Hauser, M Hautzinger, U Heilbronner, S Herms, S Hitturlingappa, P Hoffmann, P Holmans, J-J Hottenga, S Jamain, I Jones, L A Jones, A Juréus, R S Kahn, J Kammerer-Ciernioch, G Kirov, S Kittel-Schneider, S Kloiber, S V Knott, M Kogevinas, M Landén, M Leber, M Leboyer, Q S Li, J Lissowska, S Lucae, N G Martin, F Mayoral-Cleries, S L McElroy, A M McIntosh, J D McKay, A McQuillin, S E Medland, C M Middeldorp, Y Milaneschi, P B Mitchell, G W Montgomery, G Morken, O Mors, T W Mühleisen, B Müller-Myhsok, R M Myers, C M Nievergelt, J I Nurnberger, M C O'Donovan, L M O Loohuis, R Ophoff, L Oruc, M J Owen, S A Paciga, B W J H Penninx, A Perry, A Pfennig, J B Potash, M Preisig, A Reif, F Rivas, G A Rouleau, P R Schofield, T G Schulze, M Schwarz, L Scott, G C B Sinnamon, E A Stahl, J Strauss, G Turecki, S Van der Auwera, H Vedder, J B Vincent, G Willemsen, C C Witt, N R Wray, H S Xi, A Tadic, N Dahmen, B H Schott, S Cichon, M M Nöthen, S Ripke, A Mobascher, D Rujescu, K Lieb, S Roepke, C Schmahl, M Bohus, M Rietschel
Borderline personality disorder (BOR) is determined by environmental and genetic factors, and characterized by affective instability and impulsivity, diagnostic symptoms also observed in manic phases of bipolar disorder (BIP). Up to 20% of BIP patients show comorbidity with BOR. This report describes the first case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BOR, performed in one of the largest BOR patient samples worldwide. The focus of our analysis was (i) to detect genes and gene sets involved in BOR and (ii) to investigate the genetic overlap with BIP...
June 20, 2017: Translational Psychiatry
#18
Julia C Golden, John W Goethe, Stephen B Woolley
BACKGROUND: It is common for patients with bipolar disorder (BP) to receive multiple psychotropics, but few studies have assessed demographic and clinical features associated with risk for receiving complex psychotropic polypharmacy. METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study examined 2712 inpatients with a DSM-IV clinical diagnosis of BP to assess associations between complex polypharmacy (defined as ≥4 psychotropics) and demographic and clinical features; associations with risk of rehospitalization were also examined...
October 15, 2017: Journal of Affective Disorders
#19
J W Keeley, W Gaebel
The subtype system for categorising presentations of schizophrenia will be removed from International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision. In its place will be a system for rating six domains of psychotic disorder pathology: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, depressive symptoms, manic symptoms, psychomotor symptoms and cognitive symptoms. This paper outlines the rationale and description of the proposed symptom rating scale, including current controversies. In particular, the scale could adopt either a 4-point severity rating or a 2-point presence/absence rating...
June 19, 2017: Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences
#20
Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Mads Frost, Klaus Martiny, Nanna Tuxen, Nicole Rosenberg, Jonas Busk, Ole Winther, Jakob Eyvind Bardram, Lars Vedel Kessing
BACKGROUND: Unipolar and bipolar disorder combined account for nearly half of all morbidity and mortality due to mental and substance use disorders, and burden society with the highest health care costs of all psychiatric and neurological disorders. Among these, costs due to psychiatric hospitalization are a major burden. Smartphones comprise an innovative and unique platform for the monitoring and treatment of depression and mania. No prior trial has investigated whether the use of a smartphone-based system can prevent re-admission among patients discharged from hospital...
June 15, 2017: Trials
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