Emergency medications

The rapid evolution of emerging technologies in healthcare is reshaping the field of medical practices and patient outcomes, ushering in an era of unprecedented innovation. This narrative review touches upon the transformative impacts of various technologies, including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), the internet of medical things (IoMT), remote patient monitoring (RPM), financial technology (fintech) integration, cloud migration, and the pivotal role of machine learning (ML). It emphasizes the collaborative impact of these technologies, which is reshaping the healthcare landscape...

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), which was first described in 1996, is a neurologic condition characterized by a combination of clinical and neuroimaging findings. PRES may arise in the context of preeclampsia, eclampsia, renal failure, and sepsis, among other conditions. Neuropsychiatric symptoms of PRES include altered mental status, agitation, and in some cases psychosis. PRES occurring in the postpartum period is understudied, especially with regard to its psychiatric manifestations...

Traumatic penetrating cardiac injury is a rare pathology with a high mortality rate, more commonly occurring in a military setting or during violent assaults in a civilian environment. Given the anatomy, these injuries are often managed by cardiothoracic surgeons. However, in an institute that lacks these specialists, the responsibility for managing this condition falls on the shoulders of the general surgeon on call. We herein report a case where a penetrating cardiac injury was managed successfully by general surgeons in the absence of cardiothoracic surgeons...

Stroke is often viewed as a diagnosis found In the elderly with or without comorbidities, but it is vital to not rule it out in a pediatric patient presenting with signs and symptoms of stroke. Here, we present a case of an 18-month-old boy who arrived at the emergency department with left arm weakness and left-sided seizures a few minutes after a right-sided trivial neck bite that was initially overlooked by the parents until symptoms occurred. Urgent imaging further with a computed tomography scan of the brain revealed a hypodense lesion in the area covering the lateral part of the frontal lobe, insula, and parietal cortex of the right hemisphere...

Diagnosing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is increasingly challenging, especially with the emergence of atypical pathogens such as  Mycoplasma pneumoniae  and  Legionella pneumophila . This report presents the case of a 60-year-old male exhibiting lethargy and decreased oral intake, with a medical history marked by chronic kidney disease and benign prostate hyperplasia. Despite a positive  Legionella  urine antigen, the clinical and radiological profile did not align with  Legionella  pneumonia...

Post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a syndrome broadly applied to the development of chronic pain after surgical breast intervention (i.e., lumpectomy and mastectomy). The incidence of PMPS is likely underreported, and this has contributed to a paucity of high-level evidence related to the treatment of the aforementioned condition. A drive to reduce the burden of opioid use has led to pain management physicians trialing a variety of strategies to help patients manage PMPS. This review discusses the latest evidence behind treatment options for PMPS, exploring medications as well as interventional techniques (e...

Background Third molar extraction is a routine oral surgical procedure that is often complicated by the development of a dry socket (alveolar osteitis). This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dry sockets and identify associated risk factors and causes, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the postoperative outcomes of oral surgery. Methods This study employed a prospective observational design with a 12-month follow-up period. Participants aged 18-40 years scheduled for third molar extraction were included, whereas those with coagulopathies, pregnant or lactating women, patients with vitamin deficiencies, and individuals on medications affecting healing were excluded...

INTRODUCTION: Recent data are not available on ongoing CPR for emergency services with an onboard physician. The aim of the present study was to identify factors associated with the decision to transport patients to hospital with ongoing CPR and examine their survival to hospital discharge with good neurological status. METHODS: An observational study based on a registry of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests attended to by emergency services with an onboard physician...

INTRODUCTION: The German Resuscitation Registry was started in 2007 and collects data on out-of-hospital as well as in-hospital cardiac arrest and resuscitation. It has collected more than 400.000 datasets till today. METHODS: The German Resuscitation Registry (GRR) is a voluntary quality improvement tool and research tool for out-of-hospital and in-hospital resuscitation as well as in-hospital emergency treatment. It collects data for initial treatment, in-hospital care as well as long-term outcome in an online database...

UNLABELLED: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which typically occurs in women at low risk of atherosclerosis. We herein report a case of SCAD in a 57-year-old man who later developed Takayasu arteritis. The patient presented to our hospital complaining of chest pain and was diagnosed with unstable angina. Emergent coronary angiography was performed, and optical coherence tomography revealed that ACS was caused by SCAD. The patient was treated medically without further ballooning or stenting...

INTRODUCTION: This scoping review focuses on acute medical Same Day Emergency Care (SDEC), as medical patients represent a significant proportion of emergency admissions in the NHS. METHODS: This scoping review has been conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology and as detailed in the published scoping review protocol. RESULTS: Identified papers included two observational cohort studies, four audits, four review articles, two opinion pieces, a paper on potential future developments, three policy documents, one strategy paper and a position statement...

Trauma and acute care surgeons commonly perform high acuity and emergent interventions on critically ill or injured patients. This often entails making life or death decisions rapidly and with incomplete and imperfect information, and in patients who may have a variety of comorbidities that contribute to the risk of adverse outcomes. In cases where there are real or perceived breaches of care, a medical malpractice claim may result. In the USA, approximately one-third to one-half of all physicians will be named in medical litigation at least once in their career...

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Open laparotomy carries a risk up to 20% for an incisional hernia, making repair one of the most common operations performed by general surgeons in the USA. Despite a multitude of mesh appliances and techniques, no size fits all, and there is continued debate on what is the best mesh type, especially in high-risk patients with contaminated hernias. Infected mesh carries a significant burden to the patient, the surgeon and overall healthcare costs with medical legal implications. A stepwise approach that involves optimization of patient comorbidities, patient selective choice of mesh and technique is imperative in mitigating outcomes and recurrence rates...

The primary ethical principle guiding general medical practice is autonomy. However, in mass casualty (MASCAL) or disaster scenarios, the principles of beneficence and justice become of foremost concern. Despite multiple reviews, publications, and training courses available to prepare for a MASCAL incident, a minority of physicians and healthcare providers are abreast of these. In this review, we describe several MASCAL scenarios and their associated ethical, moral, and medicolegal quandaries in attempts to curb potential future misadventures...

PURPOSE: Burnout is an occupational stress syndrome that gives rise to emotional exhaustion (EE) depersonalization (DP) and reduced personal accomplishment (PA). Increasing rates of burnout among health care professionals has been reported globally. Saudi Arabia appears to be among the highest in prevalence with reports of higher than 70%. Medical residents in training are the highest group at risk. The literature has repeatedly linked burnout among residents with poor academic performance on training exams, impaired quality of life, career choice regret and intentions to abandon medicine...

Syncope is a commonly encountered symptom that accounts for up to 3% of all emergency department visits in the United States [1]. The differential diagnosis for patients presenting with syncope is often broad and can involve multiple distinct organ systems. This case details the hospital course of an 83-year-old male with a complicated past medical history who initially presented for syncope. Following an extensive work up it was eventually elicited that this patient had an unusual etiology of syncope, a 19 cm x 24 cm renal cyst that was compressing the inferior vena cava (IVC)...

OBJECTIVE: Anticancer drugs have revolutionized tumor therapy, with cutaneous toxicities such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) being common immune-related adverse events. The debate over the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids in treating these conditions persists, while tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitors show promise. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combination therapy involving the TNF-α inhibitor adalimumab for SJS/TEN induced by anticancer drugs...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of personal health record (PHR) and chronic disease management platform established on the basis of patient portal system (PPS) in managing older adults with coronary heart disease and to examine the effect on patients' self-care ability, coping mode, and quality of life. METHODS: A total of 532 elderly patients with coronary heart disease were included in the study. All the participants enrolled were admitted to a tertiary-care hospital between January 2019 and June 2021...

In about a decade, half of the United States has legalized marijuana for recreational use. The drug has been associated with acute myocardial infarction, acute stroke, congestive heart failure, and various cardiac arrythmias. Data have shown that legalization of the drug led to an increase of its use as well as an increase in tetra hydro cannabinoid positive tests in patients admitted to emergency departments. In Colorado, one of the earlier states to implement legalization, there was an increase in traffic accidents, suicide rates, and even total mortality...